2009年河南省普通高中畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研考試

英語(yǔ)  2009年3月14考試（聽(tīng)力省略）

第I卷

21When I got____call from Mrs.Leary saying that I was recommened as ______babysister,Iaccepted without hesitation.

A.the; the  B.a;the;  C.a;a  D.the;  a

22---I'm here just looking for some antiques at this sale.

----Have you found____?So many at hand!

A.anything  B.something  C.evrything  D.nothing

23It was a tough____to make,but I was determined to leave my job.

A.decision  B.chance  C.excuse  D.move

24----Why didn't you come to Mike's birthday party yesterday?

------Well,I________,but I forgot it.

A.should  B.must  C.should have  D.must have

25----They're announcing your flight.You'd better get on board the plane.

-----_______you______me?

A.Are,rushing  B.Have,rushed  C.Will ,rush  D.Do,rush

26---Spacecraft "Discovery"has failed in the course of launch.

---_____?They have  been preparing for the test

A.How come B.Who says  C.What for  D.Why not

27Tom did well in the last exam,and much to my joy,Mary did____than Tom.

A.no better  B.no worse  C.not better  D.not worse

28Mr Blaire,under______direction the sales department achieved the goal,quitted the job last week.

A.him  B.whose  C.whom  D.his

29---What's happened to Mr.Jones?

-----I'm not quite sure.He_____arround here for a long time.

A.hasn't seen  B.didn't see  C.wasn't seen  D.hasn't been seen

30I can't go home and have a good rest.I'm already_____schedule.

A.behind  B.against  C.within  D.beyond

31_____a car,he usually takes the bus to his office,which takes him almost an hour.

A.He doesn't have  B.Not have  C.Not having  D.He didn't have

32.The Jojnsons have moved to a different house____their children can attend a better school.

A.even though  B.so that  C.as if  D.in case

33.I wanted to say something,but her face quite___me____.

A.threw;off  B.took;off   C.set;off  D.put;off

34.I wanted to say something ,but her face quite____me_____.

A.on and on  B.up and down  C.over and over  D.by and by

35.---Go for hiking this Saturday,OK?

-----______.I like getting close to nature.

A.I couldn't agree more  B.I believe not  C.I'm afraid not  D.I don't think so

第二節(jié)  完形填空

The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go.When know that this is(36),but all too often we recognize this truth(37)in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly(38)that is no more.

A recent(39)re-taught me this truth.I was hospitalized(_40)a serious heart attack and had been in intensive(_41)for several days.It was not a pleasant p[lace.

One morning,I had to have some additional(42),so I had to be wheeled across the countyard on a gurney(n.輪床）.

(43)we got out from our unit,the sunlight hit me.Just the(44)of the sun.And yet how beautiful it was---how warming,how sparking,how brilliant!I (45)arround to see whether anyone else loved the sun's golden glow,but everyone was(46),most with eyes fixed on the ground.At that moment,I came to realize(47）gifts are precious----but we are too(48)about them.

      Hold fast to life,but not so fast,or you cannot(49).This is the second side of life's(50),the opposite pole of its paradox(悖論)：we  must (51)our losses,and learn how to let go.

      This is not an easy(52)to learn,especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command,and that(53)we desire with the full force of our passionate being can,and,will,be ours.But then life(54),keeping us faced with realities,and(55)but surely this truth dawns upon us.

36A.easy  B.clear C.true  D.good

37A.only  B.also  C.well  D.even

38A.notice  B.realize  C.worry  D.concern

39A.report  B.story  C.accident  D.experience

40A.during B.since  C.after  D.until

41A.care  B.charge  C.control  D.need

42A.doctors  B.medicine  C.instructions  D.tests

43A.Before  B.Till  C.As  D.Whille

44A.warmth  B.light  C.colors  D.image

45A.looked  B.turned  C.walked  D.ran

46A.watching  B.hurrying  C.working  D.sitting

47A.disease's  B.art's  C.health's  D.life's

48A.honest  B.curious  C.careless  D.anxious

49A.hold on  B.take over  C.give in  D.let go

50A.coin  B.note  C.bill  D.check

51A.accept  B.admire  C.remember  D.forgive

52.A.skill  B.failure  C.lesson  D.task

53A.whatever  B.whichever  C.however  D.whoever

54A.comes up  B.goes off  C.dies away  D.moves along

55 A.quickly  B.firmly  C.slowly  D.suddenly

第三部分閱讀理解

A

One day,an expert in time management was speaking to a group of students and ,to drive home a point,used an illustration those students will never forget.

Standing before the group of overachievers(成績(jī)超過(guò)預(yù)料的學(xué)生）,he said,"Ok,time for a quiz."He pulled out out a one-gallon,wide -mouth jar and set it on the table in front of him.He also produced about a dozen fist-sized rorocks and carefully placed them,one at a time,into the jar.When no more rocks would fit inside,he asked,"Is this jar full?"

Everyone in the class yelled,"Yes"The expert reached under the table and pulled out a bucket of gravel.He dumped some gravel in and shook the jar,causing pieces of gravel to work themselves down into the spaces between the big rocks.He then asked again,"Is this jar full?"

"Probably not."one of them answered."Good."He replied.He reached under the table and brought out a bucket of sand.He started dumping the sand in the jar and it went into all of the spaces left between the rocks and the gravel.Onece more he asked the question,"Is this jar full？”

“No!"the class shouted."Good."He replied.He grabbed a pitcher of water and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the brim.Then he looked at the class and asked,"What is the point of this illustration?"One eager student raised his hand and said,’“No matter how full your schedule is,if you try really hard you can always fit some more things in it!"

"_______,"the expert replied.“The truth this illustrtion teaches us if you don't put the big rocks in first ,you'll never get them in at all.What are the "big rocks"in your life?Time with your loved ones,your education,your dreams,a worthy cause,or teaching others?Remember to put these big rocks in first or you'llnever get them in at all."

56Which group of words means containers?

A.jar,gravel,bucket  B.jar,illustration,gravel

C.jar,bucket,pitcher    D.jar,brim,pitcher

57What replies would the expert probably make in the last paragraph

A.I beg you pardon  B.Good idea 

C.That's not the point  D.You got it

58Choose the order that the expert put things in the jar.

A.rocks--->sand---->gravel---->water

B.rocks--->gravel--->sand---->water

C.gravel---->water----.>sand---->rocks

D.gravel--->sand--->water--->rocks

59What's the expert's conclusion?

A.We  must  think of  all kinds of ways to solve our problems

BWe must try really hard to fit more small things in our life

C.We must know what big rocks are in our life and then put them in first

D.We must know things like gravel,sand and water are not important at all

B

For many students in Beijing,Mr.Obama symbolizes all that is possible in the United States.He's a popular winner here,seen as a self-made man who has made it to the top.

"I think he is very charming,and a president who can create a new era(時(shí)代）,"said ZhangWei,a university student."I like him very much and most of my friends do too."

Ni Weibo,another university student,agrees."Sino-U.S. Relations still need more cooperation,"she said."I think he will help take it to a new era."

China's President Hu Jintao congratulated Mr. Obama within hours of his victory,saying he hoped bilateral ties could be made stronger.

Political analysts(分析家）here say China will be looking for the incoming president to avoid contentious issues such as Taiwan's independence,human rights and Tibet.

Instead,they say Beijing would like Mr Obama to focus on solving the global economic crisis(危機(jī)),and to help China's slowing economy by opening up U.S. Markets.

But trade relations might be a sticking point,says Renmin University's Professor of International Studies,Shi Yinhong.

He warns,"There is a possibility that President Obama will take some protectionist measures which China will not  accept,then trade disputes could develop to a degree that we have not seen ever before."

Despite making the headlines,Mr.Obama faces some tough challenges in managing the U.S. Relationship with China.

China is now a stronger and more confident country than the China his predecessors(前任)dealt with.And in this time of economic uncertainty,analysts say it's a country with wich Mr.Obama will want to maintain a good relationship.

60Many students in Beijing  expect that Mr.Obama  can________.

A.made everything possible  B.further strengthen Sino-U.S.relations

C.become a self-made man  D.try to help China into a new era

61According to some analysts,which of the following is what China would like Mr.Obama to do?

A.Facing some tough challenges  B.Taking some protectionist measures

C.Making Sino-U.S.bilateral ties stronger 

D.Opening up markets to speed China's economy

62The underlined word "dispute"means"______"

A.serious disagreemen  B.severe measures

C.tough crisis  D.confusing issues

63As mentioned in the text,Mr. Obama will want to maintain a good relationship with China because________.

A.China is now a stronger and more confident country

B.he has tough challenges in managing the relationship with China

C.he wants to avoid issues like Taiwan's independence,human rights and Tibet

D.Mr.Hu Jintao congratulated Mr.Obama within hours of his victory

C

It used to be that shopping was a fairly simple activity---you went to the supermarket,picked up what you need,paid for it and left.But in recent years it's become a lot more complicated.Supermakets in the UK now sell much more than food :you can get your insurance there ,pay bills and a variety of other services.In many ways they've become a one-stop shop for lots of life's daily chores.

You can also get "rewards"----join up and get a "loyalty card"and every time you shop you'll get points and discounts.And just when you thought supermakets couldn't offer anything else,they turned into mini-banks,offering you cash when you shop .Go into any UK supermarket,pay for your shopping,and you're more than likely to be asked if you want "any cashback with that?”

This is only offered if you pay by debit card(簽證卡）.Effectively,if you buy ζ30 worth of shopping,you can pay ζ50 with your debit card and the supermarket will give you your shopping plus,ζ20 in cash from the till(收款機(jī)）。

Originally introduced by the supermaket gaint Tesco,it eases busy shoppers' lives by cutting out an extra visit to the bank.Of curse, they didn't just introduce this for the customer's benefit---shops also benifit by having less cash in-house,and by paying less in fess for taking this cash to their local bank.

In recent years the phrase "cashback!"has also  been observed as an exclamation of joy or satisfaction,as in:"It's three drinks for the price of two in the pub tonight.Cashback!"

64Supermakets in the UK now are different from what it used be because_______

A.they will ask shoppers to pay only by cashback

B.they don't sell food and other daily necessitites

C.they have made shopping much more complicated

D.they provide a veriety of other services besides shopping

65.The cash you get when you shop in supermakets comes from the______.

A.points and discounts  B.built-in mini-banks

C.supermaket giant Tesco  D.extra visits to the bank

66Who will benefit from"Cashback!"?

A.Only busy shoppers  B.Only supermakets

C.The local banks  D.Both shoppers and shops

67What may be the best title for the text?

A.UK Supermarkets  B.Cashback!  C.One-stop Shops  D.The Best Services

D

★Apsley House is the London town house of the Dukes of Wellington.Inside you will find palatial State Rooms including the sumptuous Waterloo Gallery hung with rare Old Masters.The house contains an unrivalled collection of porcelain,silver and Wellington memorabilia.

Admission:Adult ζ5.50.

Opening Times:Oct ＆ from 21 Mar Wed-Sun 11.00---17.00.

          1 Nov--31 Mar Wed--Sun 11.00---16.00.

          Closed Mon＆Tue

Visit Time:1 hour.

Telephone 020 7499 5676

Please see website for more information.

★Benjamin Franklin House,The world's only remaining Franklin home and listed Georgian building,is just steps from Charing Cross.The Historical Experience presents the exitement of Franklin's London years through live Audio-visual performance.

Admission:Adult ζ7.00.

Tour Times:Wed-Sun 12.00,13.00,14.00,15.15,16.15

          Closed Mon and Tue

Visit Time:1 hour.

Telephone:020 7839 2006.

Please see website for more information.

★Visit Kensington bPalace and immerse yourself in centuries of royal style.Explore the elegant State Apartments,including the magnificent King's Staircase and the Victorian Rooms,where a young Victoria awoke to the news that she was to be queen.

Take afternoon tea in the Orangery,glimpse the stunning Sunken Garden and see beautiful dresses owned by Diana,Princess of Wales.Discover the glamorous and alluring world of the "Debutantes"in this new and exciting exhibition.

Admission:Adult ζ12.30.

Opening Times:Oct＆from 1 Mar.Daily 10.00-18.00.Last admission 17.00.

             1 Now-28 Feb.Daily 10.00--17.00.Last admission 16.00.

Visit Time:2 hours.

Telephone:0844 482 7777.

Please see website for more information.

68In what way is Kensington Palace different from the other two places of interest?

A.Tourists can't see website for more information.

B.It's inLondon while the other two are not.

C.It won't be closed on Mnnday and Tuesdays.

D.Tourists will pay less but have more visit time

69.What makes Benjiamin Franklin House special?

A.It offers afternoon tea for tourists  B.It's the only remaining Franklin home

C.It charges free for group tourists

DIt's closer to Kensington Palace.

70.Kensington Palace is a place of interest where______.

A.a young Victoria used to live

B.tourists can experience historical moments

C.Diana used to store her dresses

D.tourists can get information by telephone

71.Three adult tourists now have 20 pounds.They can visit________together.

A.Apsley  House  B.Benjamin Franklin House

C.Kensington Palace  D.none of the three places

E

     The intelligence of the dog is among the highest of all the animals,maybe higher than we give him credit for.Although his brain is only half as large as ours,he is certainly the most intelligent of domestic animals.

A scientist in Brazil has proven dogs can count.He used a technique which also proved that 5 month old infants can count:

"He placed treats in a bowl,hid it with a screen and let the animals watch as he removed or added some.The dogs studied the contents longer when the screen was taken away if a trick had been played leaving more or less treats than expected .He tasted 11 mongrels(雜種狗）and found they paid little attention when one plus one resulted in two treats.But they looked more closely when one plus one left three."

Memory is an important component of intelligence.The dog's memory for scents is extraordinary.His visual memory is only fair,but his memory for sounds is very good,since he can remember and identify familiar voices even after an absence of many years .While he builds up a large store of identifiable sounds without the slightest effort,remembering different words requires more concentration.

The dog's capacity for learning is more a matter of memory than of true understanding.He will remember the sequence of cause and effect in his actions,but he is unable to draw broad conclusions from his experience.The greater the variety of experiences and contact with others they have,the quicher they learn,and the more they retain.

Dogs are bound by nature to remain intellectually inferior to (劣于）man,but we owe them a chance todevelop their native intelligence by training,teaching,and working with them as much and as often as we can.

72This text focuses on dog's________

A.appearances and behavious  B.intelligence and memory

C.breeds and reactions  D.emotions and attitudes

73What does the experiment by the brazilian scientist show?

A.Dogs remain intellectually inferior to man

B.Dogs' brain is only half as large as human beings'

C.Dogs know the numbers if their attemtion is drawn

D.Dogs have the same intelligence as 5-month-old infants

74How does the dog recognize the owner after he has been away for quite a long time?

A.It has memory for scents and voice

B.It has true understanding of its owner

C.It has extraordinary visual memory

D.It often misses its owner and remembers him

75This text is most probably______

A.a book review  B.a travel journal  C.a research report  D.an animal test

   A few days ago,Miss Wang was going home by bike.While he was76_________

Riding in the street,she saw the man with a knife in his hand and his77________

Face covering with a piece of cloth running towards her.The man78_______

Took her handbag out of the basket of his bike and ran away before79______

She could do anything.There was no one she could turn for help at t80_______

hat time,for it was very late at night.Luckyshe had her mobile 81_____

Phone at hand.Immediately when she took it out and phoned the82______

police.She told them what the man was like and in which directions83_____

He had run.The police came very quickly and catch the robber.Miss84____

Wang got her hangbag back and felt very grateful for the police had85____

Done for her.

書(shū)面表達(dá)

     最近，教育部等三部委聯(lián)合發(fā)出了“億萬(wàn)學(xué)生冬季長(zhǎng)跑活動(dòng)”的通知。通知內(nèi)容如下表格。

時(shí)間

2008年10月26日到次年4月30日

小學(xué)生

1000米/天

初中生

1500米/天

高中生以及大學(xué)生

2000米/天

通知發(fā)出后，人們對(duì)此有不同的觀點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合實(shí)際，寫(xiě)一篇100詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文，談?wù)勀銓?duì)此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的看法并提出建議。

    The Ministry of Education has issued a regulation,which requires students,all of the country,to participate in"Long Distance Running in Winter:.________________________

2009年河南省普通高中畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研考試

試題詳情

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

BD

AC

BD

CD

AC

C

BD

D

BC

ABC

D

B

二輪專項(xiàng)：選擇2

1．已知氦離子He⁺能級(jí)與量子數(shù)的關(guān)系和氫原子能級(jí)公式類似，處于基態(tài)的氦離子He⁺的電離能為＝54.4eV。為使處于基態(tài)的氦離子He⁺處于激發(fā)態(tài)，入射光子所需的能量可能為（氫原子能級(jí)公式）：（ BD ）

   A．13.6 eV       B．40.8 eV         C．48.0 eV         D．51.0 eV

2．愛(ài)因斯坦在相對(duì)論研究取得進(jìn)展的時(shí)候，提出了質(zhì)量和能量相互聯(lián)系的質(zhì)能方程：E=mc²。這個(gè)方程告訴我們，物體的能量跟它的質(zhì)量之間存在著簡(jiǎn)單的正比關(guān)系，當(dāng)物體能量改變時(shí)，必定伴隨著質(zhì)量變化。由于太陽(yáng)不斷輻射能量，關(guān)于太陽(yáng)系可能發(fā)生的變化下列說(shuō)法正確的是：（AC）

A、地球公轉(zhuǎn)周期會(huì)變大             B、地球公轉(zhuǎn)周期會(huì)變小

C、太陽(yáng)系會(huì)膨脹　　　　　　　　　　D、太陽(yáng)系會(huì)縮小

3．如圖所示電路中兩個(gè)光電管的陰極是由同種金屬材料制成的，現(xiàn)用強(qiáng)度相同的兩束光分別照射兩個(gè)光電管的陰極，紫光照在甲電路的光電管上，綠光照在乙電路的光電管上，若都能產(chǎn)生光電效應(yīng)，則下列判斷中正確的是：（BD）

A、從兩個(gè)極板射出的光電子的最大初動(dòng)能相同，

B、甲光電管中打到陽(yáng)極上的光電子的最大初動(dòng)能一定大于乙光電管中打到陽(yáng)極上的光電子的最大初動(dòng)能，

C、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)由兩光電管產(chǎn)生的光電子的數(shù)量相同，

D、單位時(shí)間內(nèi)由乙光電管產(chǎn)生的光電子的數(shù)量比甲光電管產(chǎn)生的光電子的數(shù)量多。

4．我國(guó)西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射基地有一顆待發(fā)通訊衛(wèi)星，發(fā)射前隨地球一起自轉(zhuǎn)做圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，設(shè)所受向心力為F₁，向心加速度為a₁，角速度為ω₁，動(dòng)能為E₁；成功發(fā)射后繞地球在同步軌道上做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，設(shè)此時(shí)所受向心力為F₂，向心加速度為a₂，角速度為ω₂，動(dòng)能為E₂。下列關(guān)系正確的是：：（ CD ）

A． F₁＞F₂            B．  a₁  =a₂              C．E₁＜ E₂          D． ω₁=ω₂

5．在粗糙的不平地面上，一物體在水平拉力F的作用下勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。加速度大小為a，物體的質(zhì)量和物體與地面間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)一定，運(yùn)動(dòng)中若將拉力F的大小減半，物體以后的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況可能是：（ AC ）

A．勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，加速度的大小仍為a  B．勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，加速度的大小仍為a

C．勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，加速度大小為a/2     D．勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，加速度的大小為a/2

6．（梅州08二模）某同學(xué)站在電梯里，啟動(dòng)電梯，從一樓上到十樓，以向上為正方向，下圖中t₁表示電梯啟動(dòng)的時(shí)刻，t₂表示剛到十樓的時(shí)刻，則能反映電梯對(duì)該同學(xué)的支持力隨時(shí)間變化關(guān)系的是：（ C ）

7．某人在水平路面上騎著自行車轉(zhuǎn)彎（做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)）時(shí)，人和車身向圓心傾斜，以下說(shuō)法正確的是：（ BD ）

　�。粒�水平路面對(duì)車身彈力的方向沿車身方向斜向上

　　Ｂ．水平路面對(duì)車身彈力的方向垂直于水平路面豎直向上

　�。茫�水平路面對(duì)車輪的靜摩擦力和斜向上的彈力的合力作向心力

　　Ｄ．僅由水平路面對(duì)車輪的靜摩擦力作向心力

2,4,6 A．木箱克服重力所做的功等于木箱機(jī)械能的增加 B．F對(duì)木箱做的功等于木箱增加的動(dòng)能與木箱克服摩擦力所做的功之和 C．F對(duì)木箱做的功等于木箱克服摩擦力和克服重力所做的功之和 D．Ｆ對(duì)木箱做的功等于木箱增加的機(jī)械能與木箱克服摩擦力做的功之和 9．（深圳08二模）如圖所示，一內(nèi)外側(cè)均光滑的半圓柱槽置于光滑的水平面上．槽的左側(cè)有一豎直墻壁．現(xiàn)讓一小球（可是為質(zhì)點(diǎn)）自左端槽口A點(diǎn)的正上方從靜止開(kāi)始下落，與半圓槽相切并從A點(diǎn)入槽內(nèi)．則下列說(shuō)法正確的是：（ BC ） A．小球在槽內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的全過(guò)程中，只有重力對(duì)小球做功 B．小球在槽內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的全過(guò)程中，小球與槽組成的系統(tǒng)機(jī)械能守恒 C．小球從最低點(diǎn)向右側(cè)最高點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程中，小球與槽組成的系統(tǒng)水平方向上的動(dòng)量守恒 D．小球離開(kāi)右側(cè)槽口以后，將做豎直上拋運(yùn)動(dòng) 10．（佛山08調(diào)研）給平行板電容器充電，斷開(kāi)電源后A極板帶正電，B極板帶負(fù)電。板間有一帶電小球C用絕緣細(xì)線懸掛，如圖所示。小球靜止時(shí)與豎直方向的夾角為θ，則：（ ABC ） A．若將B極板向右平移稍許，電容器的電容將減小 B．若將B極板向下平移稍許，A、B兩板間電勢(shì)差將增大 C．若將B極板向上平移稍許，夾角θ將變大 D．輕輕將細(xì)線剪斷，小球?qū)⒆鲂睊佭\(yùn)動(dòng) 11．（清遠(yuǎn)08一模）有四個(gè)電動(dòng)勢(shì)相同，內(nèi)阻分別為1Ω、2Ω、3Ω、4Ω的電池，分別用它們給阻值為4Ω的電阻用電器供電．欲使用電器上的電功率最大，則應(yīng)選用電池的內(nèi)阻是：（ D ） A、8Ω            B、4Ω             C、2Ω            D、1Ω 12．矩形線圈abcd在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中逆時(shí)針勻速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，線圈中產(chǎn)生如圖正弦交流電，設(shè)沿aàbàcàdàa方向?yàn)殡娏髡�方向，則對(duì)應(yīng)圖中t時(shí)刻的線圈位置是：（ B ）     試題詳情 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 D AD D A B B B CD A AC D D 二輪專項(xiàng)：選擇1   1.物理學(xué)中研究問(wèn)題有多種方法，有關(guān)研究問(wèn)題的方法敘述錯(cuò)誤的是：（ D ） A.在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中不存在真正的質(zhì)點(diǎn)，將實(shí)際的物體抽象為質(zhì)點(diǎn)是物理學(xué)中一種重要的科學(xué)研究方法 B.探究加速度a與力F、質(zhì)量m之間的關(guān)系時(shí)，保持m恒定的情況下，探究a與F的關(guān)系, 采用的是控制變量法 C.電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度的定義式，采用的是比值法 D.伽利略比薩斜塔上的落體實(shí)驗(yàn)，采用的是理想實(shí)驗(yàn)法 2．從圖象中獲取信息是同學(xué)們必須掌握的能力之一。對(duì)下列各圖蘊(yùn)含的信息正確解讀是：（ AD ）   A．圖甲說(shuō)明物體所受的重力跟它的質(zhì)量成正比 B．圖乙表示物體正以5m/s的速度作變速運(yùn)動(dòng) C．圖丙告訴我們小燈泡的電阻值是固定不變的 D．圖丁警示我們一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)人類能源消耗急劇增長(zhǎng) 3．氫原子的核外電子從距核較近的軌道躍遷到距核較遠(yuǎn)的軌道過(guò)程中：（ D ） 　　A．原子要吸收光子，電子的動(dòng)能增大，原子的電勢(shì)能增大，原子的能量增大 　　B．原子要放出光子，電子的動(dòng)能減小，原子的電勢(shì)能減小，原子的能量也減小 　　C．原子要吸收光子，電子的動(dòng)能增大，原子的電勢(shì)能減小，原子的能量增大 　　D．原子要吸收光子，電子的動(dòng)能減小，原子的電勢(shì)能增大，原子的能量增大 4．一以接近光速相對(duì)地球飛行的宇宙飛船，在地球上觀察到飛船長(zhǎng)度縮短，在飛船中將觀察到地球上的長(zhǎng)度：（ A ） A．縮短   B．伸長(zhǎng)    C．不變   D．無(wú)法確定 5．太陽(yáng)里的熱核反應(yīng)方程為:下列說(shuō)法正確的是：（ B ） A．2 1H和3 1H是兩種不同元素的原子核 B．2 1H和3 1H是氫的兩種同位素的原子核 C．這個(gè)反應(yīng)既是核反應(yīng),也是化學(xué)反應(yīng) D．這個(gè)反應(yīng)過(guò)程中反應(yīng)前核的總質(zhì)量小于反應(yīng)后核的總質(zhì)量 6．圖示為高速攝影機(jī)拍攝到的子彈穿透蘋(píng)果瞬間的照片。該照片經(jīng)放大后分辨出，在曝光時(shí)間內(nèi)，子彈影象前后錯(cuò)開(kāi)的距離約為子彈長(zhǎng)度的1%~2%。已知子彈飛行速度約為500m/s，由此可估算出這幅照片的曝光時(shí)間最接近：（ B ） A．10-3s       B．10-6s       C．10-9s       D．10-12s 7．如圖所示，一根細(xì)線一端固定在容器底部，另一端系一木球，木球浸沒(méi)在水中，整個(gè)裝置在臺(tái)秤上。現(xiàn)將細(xì)線割斷，在木球上浮的過(guò)程中（不計(jì)水的阻力），臺(tái)秤示數(shù)將：（  B  ） A．增大                 B．減小      C．不變                 D．無(wú)法確定 8．我國(guó)自主研制的“神七”載人飛船于2008年9月25日21時(shí)10分04秒，在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射。第583秒火箭將飛船送到近地點(diǎn)200km，遠(yuǎn)地點(diǎn)350km的橢圓軌道的入口，箭船分離。21時(shí)33分變軌成功，飛船進(jìn)入距地球表面約343km的圓形預(yù)定軌道，繞行一周約90分鐘，關(guān)于“神七”載人飛船在預(yù)定軌道上運(yùn)行時(shí)下列說(shuō)法中正確的是：（CD） A．“神七”載人飛船可以看作是地球的一顆同步衛(wèi)星 B．飛船由于完全失重，飛船中的宇航員不再受到重力的作用 C．當(dāng)飛船要離開(kāi)圓形軌道返回地球時(shí)，要啟動(dòng)助推器讓飛船速度減小 D．飛船繞地球運(yùn)行的角速度比月球繞地球運(yùn)行的角速度大 9．如右圖所示，O點(diǎn)為等量異種點(diǎn)電荷連線的中點(diǎn)，a、b兩點(diǎn)的連線與兩電荷連線垂直。今在外力作用下將帶電量為+q的點(diǎn)電荷從a點(diǎn)移動(dòng)到b點(diǎn)，關(guān)于點(diǎn)電荷的電勢(shì)能下列說(shuō)法中正確的是：（ A ） A．增加                B．減少  C．不變                D．無(wú)法判斷 10．某同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)了法拉第電磁感應(yīng)定律之后，自己制作了一個(gè)手動(dòng)手電筒，如圖是手電筒的簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖，左右兩端是兩塊完全相同的條形磁鐵，中間是一根絕緣直桿，由絕緣細(xì)銅絲繞制的多匝環(huán)形線圈只可在直桿上自由滑動(dòng)，線圈兩端接一燈泡，晃動(dòng)手電筒時(shí)線圈也來(lái)回滑動(dòng)，燈泡就會(huì)發(fā)光，其中O點(diǎn)是兩磁極連線的中點(diǎn)，a、b兩點(diǎn)關(guān)于O點(diǎn)對(duì)稱，則下列說(shuō)法中正確的是：（ AC ） A．線圈經(jīng)過(guò)O點(diǎn)時(shí)穿過(guò)的磁通量最小 B．線圈經(jīng)過(guò)O點(diǎn)時(shí)受到的磁場(chǎng)力最大 C．線圈沿不同方向經(jīng)過(guò)b點(diǎn)時(shí)所受的磁場(chǎng)力方向相反 D．線圈沿同一方向經(jīng)過(guò)a、b兩點(diǎn)時(shí)其中的電流方向相同 11．某研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組用加速度傳感器研究物體從靜止開(kāi)始做直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律，得到了物體的加速度隨時(shí)間變化的關(guān)系圖線，如圖6所示。已知物體的質(zhì)量為1.0kg，則下列說(shuō)法正確的是：（ D ） A．物體在t =2.0s到t =4.0s這段時(shí)間內(nèi)做勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng) B．不能從已知信息粗略估算出物體在t=3.0s時(shí)的速度 C．不能從已知信息粗略估算出物體從t=1.0s到t=4.0s這段時(shí)間內(nèi)所受合外力的沖量 D．可以從已知信息粗略估算出物體從t=1.0s到t=4.0s這段時(shí)間內(nèi)所受合外力對(duì)物體做的功 12．如圖4所示，理想變壓器原、副線圈的匝數(shù)比為k，輸出端接有一交流電動(dòng)機(jī)，其線圈的電阻為R。將原線圈接在正弦交流電源兩端，變壓器的輸入功率為P0時(shí)，電動(dòng)機(jī)恰好能帶動(dòng)質(zhì)量為m的物體以速度v勻速上升，此時(shí)理想電流表A的示數(shù)為I。若不計(jì)電動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械能損耗，重力加速度為g，則下列說(shuō)法正確的是：（ D ） A．電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出的機(jī)械功率為P0 B．變壓器的輸出功率為mgv C．副線圈兩端電壓的有效值為 D．整個(gè)裝置的效率為     試題詳情 2009屆漳州三中高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè)  理科綜合能力測(cè)試（五）  本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷。第I卷均為必考題，第II卷包括必考和選考兩個(gè)部分�？荚嚂r(shí)間150分鐘，總分300分。 相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：O-16   Na-23   Ba-137   第I卷  (必考) 本卷共18小題，每小題6分，共108分。 試題詳情 漳浦二中高三物理第二輪模擬卷(一) 13．如圖3 ? 5所示，一條易斷的均勻細(xì)繩兩端固定在天花板上的A、B兩點(diǎn)，今在繩上某點(diǎn)O處固定懸掛砝碼，使AO > BO，則        A．增加砝碼時(shí)，AO先斷          B．增加砝碼時(shí)，BO先斷 C．B點(diǎn)向左移，繩子易斷 D．B點(diǎn)向右移，繩子易斷 14．如圖3 ? 1所示，質(zhì)量分別為10 kg的物體A和B通過(guò)滑輪與物體C相連，物體與水平面和斜遄間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)均為0.2，斜面的傾角為37°。若C剛好能勻速拉動(dòng)A和B下滑，則物體C的質(zhì)量為（重力加速度g取10 m/s2）        A．9.6 kg             B．8.0 kg        C．3.6 kg             D．7.6 kg      15. 1990年5月，紫金山天文臺(tái)將他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的第2752號(hào)小行星命名為吳健雄星，該小行星的半徑為16km。若將此小行星和地球均看成質(zhì)量分布均勻的球體，小行星密度與地球相同。已知地球半徑km，地球表面重力加速度為g。這個(gè)小行星表面的重力加速度為 A. 400g     B.      C. 20g     D.   16．一列橫波沿x軸正向傳播，在介質(zhì)中只存在四分之三波長(zhǎng)的波形，某時(shí)刻恰好到達(dá)坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)處，如圖3 ? 13所示。此波傳到x = 20 cm的P點(diǎn)時(shí)，處于原點(diǎn)O的質(zhì)點(diǎn)所通過(guò)的路程式和該時(shí)刻的位移分別為        A．40 cm  0 cm                               B．6 cm  2 cm        C．20 cm  0 cm                               D．6 cm  ? 2 cm  17．如圖3 ? 30所示，一束單色光a沿半徑射向置于空氣中的半球形玻璃磚的球心，在界面M上同時(shí)發(fā)生反射和折射，b為反射光，c為折射光，它們與法線的夾角分別為和。逐漸增大入射角（但小于臨界角），則下列說(shuō)法中正確的是        A．和兩角同時(shí)增大，始終大于        B．b光束的亮度逐漸減弱，c光束的亮度逐漸增強(qiáng)        C．b光在玻璃中的波長(zhǎng)小于c光的波長(zhǎng)        D．b光光子的能量大于c光光子的能量   18．如圖3 ? 24所示，動(dòng)圈式話筒能夠?qū)⒙曇艮D(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲⑷醯碾娦盘?hào)（交變電流），產(chǎn)生的電信號(hào)一般都不是直接送給擴(kuò)音機(jī)，而是經(jīng)過(guò)一只變壓器之后再送給護(hù)音機(jī)放大，變壓器的作用是減少信號(hào)沿導(dǎo)線傳輸過(guò)程中的電能損失，關(guān)于話筒內(nèi)的這只變壓器，下列說(shuō)法中正確的是        A．一定是升壓變壓器，因?yàn)?i>P = UI，升壓后，電流減小，導(dǎo)線上損失的電能 減少        B．一定不是升壓變壓器，因?yàn)?i>P = U2/R，升壓后，導(dǎo)線上損失的電能會(huì)增加        C．一定是降壓變壓器，因?yàn)?i>I2 = n1I1 / n2，降壓后，電流增大，使到達(dá)擴(kuò)音機(jī) 的信號(hào)加強(qiáng)        D．一定不是降壓變壓器，因?yàn)?i>P = I 2R，降壓后，電流增大，導(dǎo)線上損失的 電能會(huì)增加 試題詳情 本資料來(lái)源于《七彩教育網(wǎng)》http://www.7caiedu.cn 《推理、證明與數(shù)學(xué)歸納法》   試題詳情 漳浦二中高三物理第二輪模擬卷(二) 13．一質(zhì)量為1kg的物體被人用手由靜止向上提高了1m，這時(shí)物體的速度是2m/s，下列說(shuō)法中正確的是（g取10 m/s2）  （  ACD ）     A．手對(duì)物體做功12J                  B．合外力對(duì)物體做功12J     C．合外力對(duì)物體做功2J               D．物體克服重力做功10J 14．據(jù)報(bào)道，嫦娥二號(hào)探月衛(wèi)星將于2010年發(fā)射，其環(huán)月飛行的高度距離月球表面100km，所探測(cè)到的有關(guān)月球的數(shù)據(jù)將比環(huán)月飛行高度為200km的嫦娥一號(hào)更加翔實(shí)。若兩顆衛(wèi)星環(huán)月運(yùn)行均可視為勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)行軌道如圖所示。則               B A．嫦娥二號(hào)環(huán)月運(yùn)行的周期比嫦娥一號(hào)更大 B．嫦娥二號(hào)環(huán)月運(yùn)行的周期比嫦娥一號(hào)更小 C．嫦娥二號(hào)環(huán)月運(yùn)行時(shí)向心加速度比嫦娥一號(hào)更小 D．嫦娥二號(hào)環(huán)月運(yùn)行時(shí)向心加速度與嫦娥一號(hào)相等 15．一個(gè)理想變壓器，原線圈和副線圈的匝數(shù)分別為n1和n2，正常工作時(shí)輸入和輸出的電壓、電流、功率分別為U1和U2、I1和I2、P1和P2，已知n1＞n2，則  （BC   ）                                               A．U1＞U2，P1＜P2                                                                B．P1＝P2 ，I1＜I2， C．I1＜I2，U1＞U2                                                                     D．P1＞P2，I1＞I2 16．如圖所示，一束單色光射入一玻璃球體，入射角為600。己知光線在玻璃球內(nèi)經(jīng)一次反射后，再次折射回到空氣中時(shí)與入射光線平行。此玻璃的折射率為         B                 A．2    B． C.1.5    D． 17.一列簡(jiǎn)諧波沿一直線向左運(yùn)動(dòng)，當(dāng)直線上某質(zhì)點(diǎn)a向上運(yùn)動(dòng)到達(dá)最大位移時(shí)，a點(diǎn)右方相距0.15m的b點(diǎn)剛好向下運(yùn)動(dòng)到最大位移處，則這列波的波長(zhǎng)可能是   （ BD  ） A．0.6m                B．0.3m      C．0.2m                D．0.1m 18．矩形導(dǎo)線框abcd固定在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中，磁感線的方向與導(dǎo)線框所在平面垂直，規(guī)定磁場(chǎng)的正方向垂直紙面向里，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度B隨時(shí)間t變化的規(guī)律如圖所示。若規(guī)定順時(shí)針?lè)较驗(yàn)楦袘?yīng)電流i的正方向，下列i-t圖像中正確的是  D     19、（1）（9分）衛(wèi)星繞地球做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)處于完全失重狀態(tài)， 物體對(duì)支持面幾乎沒(méi)有壓力，所以在這種環(huán)境中已無(wú)法用 天平稱量物體的質(zhì)量。假設(shè)某同學(xué)在這種環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)了如圖 所示的裝置（圖中O為光滑的小孔）來(lái)間接測(cè)量物體的質(zhì)             量：給待測(cè)物體一個(gè)初速度，使它在桌面上做勻速圓周運(yùn) 動(dòng)。設(shè)航天器中具有基本測(cè)量工具。                                 ①物體與桌面間的摩擦力可以忽略不計(jì)，原因是                         ；         ②實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)需要測(cè)量的物理量是                                        ；         ③待測(cè)質(zhì)量的表達(dá)式為m=                 。 答案：物體與接觸面間幾乎沒(méi)有壓力，摩擦力幾乎為零（3分）；            彈簧秤示數(shù)F、圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的半徑R、圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的周期T（3分）；            FT2/4（3分） （2）（9分）圖1中電源電動(dòng)勢(shì)為E，內(nèi)阻可忽略不計(jì)；電流表   具有一定的內(nèi)阻，電壓表    的內(nèi)阻不是無(wú)限大，S為單刀雙擲開(kāi)關(guān)，R為待測(cè)電阻。當(dāng)S向電壓表一側(cè)閉合時(shí)，電壓表讀數(shù)為U1，電流表讀數(shù)為I1；當(dāng)S向R一側(cè)閉合時(shí)，電流表讀數(shù)為I2。     ⑴根據(jù)已知條件與測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)，可以得出待測(cè)電阻R＝           。     ⑵根據(jù)圖1所給出的電路，在圖2的各器件實(shí)物圖之間畫(huà)出連接的導(dǎo)線。                     19、 連線如圖             20．（15分）如圖所示，物體A重10N，物體與豎直墻的動(dòng)摩擦因系數(shù)為0．4，用一個(gè)與水平方向成37°角的力F作用在物體上，要使物體A沿墻向下作勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)則該力的大小為多大？（g取10m/s2，sin37°=0．6，結(jié)果保留兩位有效數(shù)字）   20．（15分） A沿豎直墻面向下勻速時(shí)： F2sin37°+Ff2-G=0 F2cos37°－FN2=0 Ff2=μFN2 F2==10．9(N) 故所求的力的大小為10．9N   21. （19分）下表是一輛電動(dòng)自行車的部分技術(shù)指標(biāo)，其中額定車速是指電動(dòng)車滿載情況下在平直道路上以額定功率勻速行駛的速度。 額定 車速 載車 質(zhì)量 載重 電源 電源輸 出電壓 充電 時(shí)間 額定輸出 功率 電動(dòng)機(jī)額定工作電壓和電流 18km/h 40kg 80kg 36V/12Ah ≥36V 6~8h 180W 36V/6A   請(qǐng)參考表中數(shù)據(jù)，完成下列問(wèn)題（g取10 m/s2）：    （1）此車所配電動(dòng)機(jī)的內(nèi)阻是多少？    （2）在行駛過(guò)程中電動(dòng)機(jī)受阻力是車重（包括載重）的K倍，試計(jì)算K的大小。    （3）若電動(dòng)車滿載時(shí)以額定功率行駛，當(dāng)車速為3m/s時(shí)的加速度為多少？ 解：（1）從表中可知，輸出功率P出= 180W， 輸入功率P入=UI=36×6W=216W     ①      Pr=I2r=P入-P出           ② r =          ③    （2）P額=f=K(M+m)g    ④    K=      ⑤    （3） P額=F                  ⑥    F-K（M+m）g=（M+m）a       ⑦ 由⑥、⑦得：a=0.2米/秒2      22．（20分）核聚變反應(yīng)需要幾百萬(wàn)度以上的高溫，為了把高溫條件下高速運(yùn)動(dòng)的離子約束在小范圍內(nèi)，通常采用磁約束的方法（托卡馬克裝置）�，F(xiàn)用下述簡(jiǎn)化的模型來(lái)研究這一問(wèn)題，如圖所示，兩個(gè)同心圓為勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)的內(nèi)外邊界，，，磁場(chǎng)方向垂直紙面向里，已知帶正電粒子的比荷，勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度，帶正電的粒子以某一速度v從內(nèi)邊界上的A點(diǎn)射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域。不考慮帶電粒子因高速運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的相對(duì)論效應(yīng)。 （1）導(dǎo)出帶電粒子在磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域中作圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的軌道半徑r與上述各量的關(guān)系式（用已知量字母代號(hào)q．m．B．v表示）； （2）若上述帶電粒子從A點(diǎn)沿半徑方向射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域恰好不穿出外邊界，請(qǐng)?jiān)趫D中畫(huà)出粒子的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡示意圖； （3）若大量上述粒子從A點(diǎn)沿各個(gè)方向射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域，求所有粒子均不穿出磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域外邊界時(shí)粒子的最大速度v0。             22．（20分） （1）帶電粒子從A點(diǎn)射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域后，由牛頓運(yùn) 動(dòng)定律和向心力公式得           ①     （2分） ∴           ②     （2分） （2）粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡如圖1所示。  （6分） （3）由①式得帶電粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)速率 ，即v與r成正比。 由題意可知，該粒子從A點(diǎn)射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域又不離開(kāi)磁場(chǎng)外邊界的最小可能軌道半徑（如圖2）               ③    （4分） 由此可得粒子從A點(diǎn)射入磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域又不離開(kāi)磁場(chǎng) 外邊界的允許的最大速率                 ④    （2分） ∴        ⑤    （2分） 代入數(shù)據(jù)解得    ⑥  （2分 29．（12分）【物理3―5】(1) 紫外線照射到一些物質(zhì)時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生熒光效應(yīng)，即物質(zhì)發(fā)出可見(jiàn)光。這些物質(zhì)中的原子先后發(fā)生兩次躍遷，其能量變化分別為△El和△E2，下列關(guān)于原子這兩次躍遷的說(shuō)法中正確的是           。(填選項(xiàng)前的編號(hào))       ③       ①兩次均向高能級(jí)躍遷，且         ②兩次均向低能級(jí)躍遷，且       ③先向高能級(jí)躍遷，再向低能級(jí)躍遷，且       ④先向高能級(jí)躍遷，再向低能級(jí)躍遷，且 （2）如圖所示的裝置中，木塊B與水平桌面間的接觸是光滑的，子彈A沿水平方向射入木塊后留在木塊內(nèi)，將彈簧壓縮到最短．現(xiàn)將子彈．木塊和彈簧合在一起作為研究對(duì)象（系統(tǒng)），則此系統(tǒng)在從子彈開(kāi)始射入木塊到彈簧壓縮至最短的整個(gè)過(guò)程中    A．動(dòng)量守恒．機(jī)械能守恒    B．動(dòng)量不守恒．機(jī)械能不守恒    C．動(dòng)量守恒．機(jī)械能不守恒    D．動(dòng)量不守恒．機(jī)械能守恒              B   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