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九年級綜合質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(一)

思想品德試題

第1卷(選擇題共20分)

選擇題(下列各題的四個選項中，只有一項符合題意，每小題2分，共20分)

題號

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答案

1．了解自己不是一件容易的事，因為“不識廬山真面目，只緣身在此山中”。所以，要客觀、全面了解自己，就要通過自我觀察或與他人進行比較。下列同學的想法和做法可取的是

A．小明的父母是普通工人，他看到其他同學的父母多是干部、醫(yī)生，感到很丟人

B．小俊看到自己的學習成績在班上名列前茅，就經(jīng)常瞧不起別人

C．小紅經(jīng)常觀察其他同學的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)，在發(fā)揚自己優(yōu)點的同時，虛心地向他人學習

D．小雨在班里平庸，她經(jīng)常感到自己一無是處

2．中學生王某平時無心學習，迷戀網(wǎng)吧，曾因小偷小摸受到學校的處分。但他不思悔

改，后來竟發(fā)展到持刀搶劫、致人重傷，結(jié)果受到刑法處罰。這則案例警示我們

①加強對青少年的法制教育是學校的中心工作 ②只有防微杜漸，才能防患于未

然③預(yù)防違法犯罪，要從杜絕不良行為做起 ④不良行為如果不及時改正，發(fā)

展下去，就可能導(dǎo)致犯罪

A．①②④ B．②③④ C①②③ D．①②③④

3．絕境中靠著“千萬別睡，你一睡萬一醒不來怎么辦”的相互鼓勵的兩名女生，和在廢

墟中一直開著手電筒看書緩解心中害怕的另一名學生，都最終獲得營救。說明了

我們在突發(fā)性災(zāi)難面前要

①學會客觀分析挫折，尋我有效的應(yīng)對方法 ②堅強的意志；有良好的情緒

③學會調(diào)控情緒，保持良好的心境 ④積極行使生命健康權(quán)，注意自身的生命安

全和健康

A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④

4．2008年6月1日起，由商務(wù)部、工商總局聯(lián)合發(fā)布的《商品零售場所塑料購物袋有

償使用辦法》(即“限塑令”)正式實施。這一法規(guī)的實施，體現(xiàn)了我國依法治國

______________的基本要求。

A．有法可依 B．有法必依 C執(zhí)法必嚴 D．違法必究

5．龜兔賽跑新傳：在陸地上，兔子馱著烏龜跑，很快到了河邊，到了河里，烏龜馱著兔

子游，結(jié)果實現(xiàn)了雙贏。該故事給我們的啟示是

①合作比競爭更重要 ②要學會在競爭中合作 ③要學會在合作中競爭 ④競

爭對手也可能是合作伙伴

A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④

6．《中共中央關(guān)于推進農(nóng)村改革發(fā)展若干重大問題的決定》允許農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)，這是

中國第三輪“土地革命”。這一新政策有利于

A．促使農(nóng)村走上人民公社的道路

B．改革農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟體制，實現(xiàn)土地私有化

C．兩極分化，加快農(nóng)村的現(xiàn)代化進程

D．合理利用農(nóng)村土地這一基本自然資源

7．中國的“和為貴”、柏拉圖的“理想國”、空想社會主義者的“和諧公社”。反映了人們

對和諧社會的追求和向往。下列事件，符合“和諧”愿望的是

①胡錦濤參加20國集團首腦會議，共同應(yīng)對全球金融危機 ②十一屆全國人大

常委會第二次會議高票通過修訂后的殘疾人保障法 ③一些不法分子往原奶中

添加三聚氰胺致使許多兒童患結(jié)石病 ④開展“垃圾不落地、文明在手中”活動，

構(gòu)建“綠色生態(tài)社區(qū)”

A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④

8．經(jīng)過30年的發(fā)展，中國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值占全球的比重由1978年的1％上升到2007

年的5 %以上，中國進出口總額占全球的比重由1978年的不足1 %上升到2007年

的約8%。中國發(fā)展有力促進了世界經(jīng)濟和貿(mào)易增長。中國發(fā)展進步離不開世

界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開中國。這則材料表明

①我國實行對外開放的基本國策 ②中國經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟的重要組成部

分③我國大力實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 ④經(jīng)濟全球化是當今世界發(fā)展的大趨勢

A．①②③ B．①③④ C②③④ D．①②④

9．下面是小華為村委會擬寫的幾條宣傳標語。其中不符合“科學發(fā)展觀”要求的是

A．民之所憂，我之所思，民之所思，我之所行

B．聚精會神搞建設(shè)，一心一意謀發(fā)展

C．圍湖造田，擴大耕地面積’

D．垃圾是放錯地方的資源

10．中央電視臺8套熱播的連續(xù)劇《闖關(guān)東》有這樣一個鏡頭：當日軍進攻哈爾濱的時

候，朱開山一家冒險為抗日軍隊送飯，感動了很多觀眾。這說明了

① 有在國家處在危難時期，才能考驗公民的責任意識 ②朱開山一家對祖國、

對人民的高度責任感 ③朱開山一家“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的精神值得我們學習

④主動為國家分憂、與國家共度難關(guān)是我們義不容辭的責任

A．①②③ B．①②④ C①②③ D．②③④

第Ⅱ卷(非選捧題共40分)

試題詳情

九年級綜合質(zhì)量監(jiān)測( 一 )

化學試題

(滿分50分，考試時間50分鐘)

可能用到的相對原子質(zhì)量：H-1 C-12 C1-35.5 Zn-65

試題詳情

2009屆高三化學各地月考試題匯編：反應(yīng)熱

1．(鄭州二中09學年高三10月份月考)（12分）現(xiàn)有A、B、C、D、E五種強電解質(zhì)，它們在水中可電離產(chǎn)生下列離子（各種離子不重復(fù)）。

陽離子

H⁺、Na⁺、A1³⁺、Ag⁺、Ba²⁺

陰離子

OH^―、C1^―、CO₃^2―、NO₃^―、SO₄^2―

已知：①A、B兩溶液呈堿性；C、D、E溶液呈酸性。

②A溶液與E溶液反應(yīng)既有氣體又有沉淀產(chǎn)生；A溶液與C溶液反應(yīng)只有氣體產(chǎn)生（沉淀包括微溶物，下同）。

③D溶液與另外四種溶液反應(yīng)都能產(chǎn)生沉淀；C只能與D反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生沉淀。

試回答下列問題：

（1）分別寫出A、B、C、D、E的化學式：A 、B 、C 、

D 、E ；

（2）寫出A、E反應(yīng)的離子方程式：；

（3）將C溶液逐滴加入等體積、等物質(zhì)的量濃度的A溶液中，反應(yīng)后溶液中各種離子濃度由大到小的順序為：。

（4）已知：NaOH（aq）+HNO₃（aq）=NaNO₃（aq）+H₂O(1);△H =－Q kJ?mol^-1。

寫出B與C稀溶液反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式。

（5）在100 mL 0.1 mol?L^-1 E溶液中，逐滴加入40 mL 1.6 mol?L^-1 NaOH溶液，最終得到沉淀物質(zhì)的量為 mol。

答案：

（1）A．Na₂CO₃、B.NaOH C.HCl D.AgNO₃ E.Al₂(SO₄)₃(各1分)

（2）3CO₃^2-+ 2Al³^＋＋3H₂O ＝2Al(OH)₃↓+ 3CO₂↑(2分)

（3）c（Na⁺）>c（C1^－）>c（HCO₃^－）>c（OH^－）>c（H⁺）> c（CO₃²^－）

或c（Na⁺）>c（C1^－）>c（HCO₃^－）>c（OH^－）>c（H⁺）（2分）

（4）OH^－（aq）+H⁺（aq）=H₂O（1）；△H =－Q kJ/mol

或（a）Ba（OH）₂（aq）+2HC1（aq）=BaC1₂（aq）+H₂O（1）；

△H =－Q kJ/mol

或Ba（OH）₂（aq）+2HC1（aq）=BaC1₂（aq）+2H₂O（1）；△H =－2Q kJ/mol（1分，物質(zhì)聚集狀態(tài)、反應(yīng)熱任一方面錯都不給分）

（5）0.016 mol（2分）

2、(鄭州二中09學年高三10月份月考 )下列說法或表示方法正確的是

A、反應(yīng)物的總能量低于生成物的總能量時，該反應(yīng)一定不能發(fā)生

B、強酸跟強堿反應(yīng)放出的熱量就是中和熱

C、由石墨比金剛石穩(wěn)定可知：

D、在、時，完全燃燒生成氣態(tài)水，放出熱量，則氫氣的燃燒熱為241.8

3．(河北舞陽一高09高三10考)下列有關(guān)熱化學方程式的敘述正確的是（）

A．已知2H₂(g)+O₂(g) == 2H₂O(l)；△H=－571.6kJ?mol^-1，則氫氣的燃燒熱為285.8kJ?mol^-1

B．已知C（石墨，s）== C（金剛石，s）；△H>0，則金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定

C．含20.0g NaOH的稀溶液與稀鹽酸完全中和，放出28.7kJ的熱量，則稀醋酸和稀NaOH溶液反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式為：

NaOH(aq)+CH₃COOH(aq) == CH₃COONa(aq) + H₂O(l) △H =－57.4kJ?mol^-1

D．已知2C(s)+2O₂(g)=2CO₂(g) △H₁；2C(s)+O₂(g)=2CO(g) △H₂，則△H₁>△H₂

4．(四川省雙流縣棠湖中學09屆高三第二次月考)化學用語是學習化學的重要工具。下列用來表示物質(zhì)變化的化學用語中，正確的是

A．鋼鐵腐蝕時可能發(fā)生的正極反應(yīng)：4OH^-－4e^-=2H₂O+O₂↑

B．表示中和熱的離子方程式：H⁺+OH^-=H₂O；△H=－57.3kJ/mol

C．明礬水解反應(yīng)的離子方程式：Al³⁺+3H₂O=Al(OH)₃+3H⁺

D．硫酸銨濃溶液與氫氧化鈉濃溶液混合的離子方程式：NH₄⁺+OH^-=NH₃↑+H₂O

5．(四川省雙流縣棠湖中學09屆高三第二次月考)下列熱化學方高考資源網(wǎng)程式中△H的絕對值能表示可燃物的燃燒熱的是

A．1/2H₂（g）+ 1/2Cl₂（g）= HCl（g）；△H=－92.3kJ/mol

B．CH₄（g）+ 2O₂（g）= CO₂（g）+2H₂O（g）；△H=－802.3kJ/mol

C．2H₂（g）+ O₂（g）= 2H₂O（l）；△H=－571.6kJ/mol

D．CO（g）+ 1/2O₂（g）= CO₂（g）；△H=－283kJ/mol

6．已知下列反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式為：⑴C(s)＋O₂(g)＝CO₂(g) ；ΔH₁＝－393.5kJ/mol

⑵CH₃COOH（l）＋2O₂（g）＝2CO₂(g)＋2H₂O(l) ；ΔH₂＝－870.3kJ/mol

⑶H₂(g)＋O₂(g)＝H₂O(l) ；ΔH₃＝－285.8kJ/mol

則反應(yīng)2C(s)＋2H₂(g)＋O₂(g)＝CH₃COOH(l) 的ΔH為

A．488.3 kJ/mol B．－488.3 kJ/mol C．－244.15 kJ/mol D．244.15 kJ/mol

7．下列有關(guān)熱化學方程式的敘述正確的是（ C ）

A．已知2H₂(g)＋O₂(g)===2H₂O(g)；△H=－483.6 kJ/mol，則氫氣的燃燒熱為241.8 kJ

B．已知C(石墨，s)=== C(金剛石，s)；△H＞0，則金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定

C．含20.0g NaOH的稀溶液與稀鹽酸完全中和，放出28.7 kJ的熱量，則該反應(yīng)中和熱的熱化學方程式為：NaOH(aq)＋HCl(aq)===NaCl(aq)＋H₂O(l)；△H=－57.4 kJ/mol

D．已知2C(s)＋2O₂(g)==2CO₂(g)；△H₁。2C(s)＋O₂(g)=2CO(g)；△H₂。則△H₁＞△H₂

8．在25℃、1.01×10⁵Pa下，將22 g CO₂通入1 mol?L^－¹NaOH溶液750mL中充分反應(yīng)，測得反應(yīng)放出x kJ熱量。在該條件上，1 mol CO₂通入2 mol?L^－¹NaOH溶液1 L中充分反應(yīng)放出y kJ熱量。則CO₂與NaOH溶液反應(yīng)生成NaHCO₃的熱化學方程式是（ C ）

A．CO₂(g)＋NaOH(aq) === NaHCO₃(aq)；△H=－(2y－x) kJ?mol^－¹

B．CO₂(g)＋NaOH(aq) === NaHCO₃(aq)；△H=－(2x－y) kJ?mol^－¹

C．CO₂(g)＋NaOH(aq) === NaHCO₃(aq)；△H=－(4x－y) kJ?mol^－¹

D．2CO₂(g)＋NaOH(1) === NaHCO₃(1)；△H=－(8x－2y) kJ?mol^－¹

9．設(shè)N_A表示阿伏加德羅常數(shù)，下列有關(guān)敘述不正確的是（ D ）

A．常溫常壓下，1 mol Cl₂通入足量NaOH溶液中轉(zhuǎn)移的電子數(shù)為2 N_A

B．含0.01 mol FeCl₃的飽和溶液中加入足量Cu粉后，轉(zhuǎn)移的電子數(shù)目為0.03 N_A

C．100 mL 0.2 mol?L^－¹的Na₂S飽和溶液中所含S²^－數(shù)目0.02 N_A

D．0.1 mol KO₂與水反應(yīng)生成氧氣和氫氧化鉀時，轉(zhuǎn)移的電子數(shù)為0.1 N_A

10. ( 湖北黃石二中09高三化學檢測) (6分) （1）肼（N₂H₄）和NO₂是一種雙組分火箭推進劑。兩種物質(zhì)混合發(fā)生反應(yīng)生成N₂和H₂O（g），已知8g氣體肼在上述反應(yīng)中放出142kJ熱量，其熱化學方程式為。w ww.ks 5u.c om

（2）0.3mol的氣態(tài)高能燃料乙硼烷（B₂H₆）在氧氣中燃燒，生成固態(tài)三氧化二硼和液態(tài)水，放出649.5kJ熱量，其熱化學反應(yīng)方程式為；

又知H₂O（l）H₂O（g）；△H＝＋44kJ/mol，則11.2L（標準狀況）乙硼烷完全燃燒生成氣態(tài)水時，放出的熱量是 kJ。

答案： (6分)（1）2N₂H₄（g）＋2NO₂（g）＝3N₂（g）＋4H₂O（g）；△H＝－1136kJ/mol

（2）B₂H₆（g）＋3O₂（g）＝B₂O₃（s）＋3H₂O（l）；△H＝－2165kJ/mol 1016.5kJ

(每空2分)

11．( 湖北黃石二中09高三化學檢測)根據(jù)熱化學方程式：S(g)+O₂(g)=SO₂(g)；△H= -297.23kJ/mol。下列說法中正確的是

A.S(g)+O₂(g)=SO₂(l)； |△H|>297. 3kJ/mol

B.S(g)+O₂(g)=SO₂(l)；|△H|<297. 3kJ/mol

C.1mol SO₂的鍵能總和小于1mol S和1mol O₂鍵能之和

D.1mol SO₂的鍵能總和等于1mol S和1mol O₂鍵能之和

12．( 湖北黃石二中09高三化學檢測)已知：CH₃COOH(aq)+NaOH(aq)＝CH₃COONa(aq)+H₂O △H=Q₁kJ／mol

H₂SO₄(濃)+NaOH(aq)＝Na₂SO₄(aq)+H₂O(1) △H=Q₂kJ／mol

HNO₃(aq)+KOH(aq)＝KNO₃(aq)+H₂O(1) △H=Q₃kJ／mol

上述反應(yīng)均為溶液中的反應(yīng)，則Q₁、Q₂、Q₃的絕對值大小的關(guān)系為

A.Q₁＝Q₂=Q₃ B.Q₂>Q₁>Q₃ C.Q₂>Q₃>Q₁ D.Q₂=Q₃>Q₁

13、(09屆北京101中學高三化學10月考)白磷在高壓下隔絕空氣加熱后急速冷卻，可得鋼灰色固體――黑磷，其轉(zhuǎn)化過程如下：

白磷黑磷，黑磷比白磷穩(wěn)定，結(jié)構(gòu)與石墨相似。下高考資源網(wǎng)列敘述正確的是

A．黑磷與白磷互為同分異構(gòu)體 B．黑磷能導(dǎo)電

C．白磷轉(zhuǎn)化為黑磷是氧化還原反應(yīng) D．白磷轉(zhuǎn)化為黑磷是吸熱反應(yīng)

14、(北京101中學09屆高三化學10月考)（1）中和熱測定的實驗中，用到的玻璃儀器有燒杯、溫度計、、。

（2）量取反應(yīng)物時，取50 mL 0.50 mol? L^-1的鹽酸，還需加入的試劑是（填序號）。

A．50 mL 0.50 mol? L^-1 NaOH溶液

B．50 mL 0.55 mol? L^-1 NaOH溶液

C．1.0 g NaOH固體

（3）已知稀鹽酸與稀氫氧化鈉溶液反應(yīng)的中和熱ΔH=-57.3 kJ?mol^-1，請用離子方程式表示該中和反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式。

（4）現(xiàn)將一定量的稀氫氧化鈉溶液、稀氫氧化鈣溶液、稀氨水分別和1 L 1 mol?L^-1的稀鹽酸恰好完全反應(yīng)，其反應(yīng)熱分別為ΔH₁、ΔH₂、ΔH₃，則ΔH₁、ΔH₂、ΔH₃的大小關(guān)系為。

答案：（1）環(huán)形玻璃攪拌棒（不答環(huán)形不得分）、量筒

（2）B

（3）H⁺（aq）+OH^-（aq）=H₂O（l）；ΔH=-57.3 kJ?mol^-1（2分）

（4）ΔH₁＝ΔH₂＜ΔH₃

15、(2009屆廣東省中山一中高三第二次統(tǒng)測)甲醇質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池中將甲醇蒸氣轉(zhuǎn)化為氫氣的兩種反應(yīng)原理是
①CH₃OH(g)＋H₂O(g)＝CO₂(g)＋3H₂(g)；△H＝＋49.0kJ?mol^－¹
②CH₃OH(g)＋1/2O₂(g)＝CO₂(g)＋2H₂(g)；△H＝－192.9kJ?mol^－¹
下列說法正確的是

　    A．CH₃OH的燃燒熱為192.9kJ?mol^－¹
　    B．反應(yīng)①中的能量變化如右圖所示
　    C．CH₃OH轉(zhuǎn)變成H₂的過程一定要吸收能量
　    D．根據(jù)②推知反應(yīng)CH₃OH(l)＋1/2O₂(g)＝CO₂(g)＋2H₂(g)

的△H＞―192.9kJ?mol^－¹

16．(09海淀區(qū)高三期中)（共6分）某實驗小組用0.50 mol/L NaOH溶液和0.50 mol/L硫酸溶液進行中和熱的測定。

Ⅰ．配制0.50 mol/L NaOH溶液

（1）若實驗中大約要使用245 mL NaOH溶液，至少需要稱量NaOH固體 g。

（2）從圖6中選擇稱量NaOH固體所需要的儀器是（填字母）：。

圖6

Ⅱ．測定稀硫酸和稀氫氧化鈉中和熱的實驗裝置如圖7所示。

（1）寫出該反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式（中和熱為57.3 kJ/mol）：

。

（2）取50 mL NaOH溶液和30 mL硫酸溶液進行實驗，實驗數(shù)據(jù)如下表。圖7

①請?zhí)顚?u>下表中的空白：

溫度

實驗次數(shù)

起始溫度t₁/℃

終止溫度

t₂/℃

溫度差平均值

（t₂-t₁）/℃

H₂SO₄

NaOH

平均值

1

26.2

26.0

26.1

30.1

2

27.0

27.4

27.2

33.3

3

25.9

29.8

4

26.4

26.2

26.3

30.4

②近似認為0.50 mol/L NaOH溶液和0.50 mol/L硫酸溶液的密度都是1 g/cm³，中和后生成溶液的比熱容c=4.18 J/(g?℃)。則中和熱△H= （取小數(shù)點后一位）。

③上述實驗數(shù)值結(jié)果與57.3 kJ/mol有偏差，產(chǎn)生偏差的原因可能是（填字母）。

a．實驗裝置保溫、隔熱效果差

b．量取NaOH溶液的體積時仰視讀數(shù)

c．分多次把NaOH溶液倒入盛有硫酸的小燒杯中

d．用溫度計測定NaOH溶液起始溫度后直接測定H₂SO₄溶液的溫度

答案：

Ⅰ、（1）5.0 （寫"5"不給分）

（2）a b e

Ⅱ、（1）

（2）① 4.0（寫"4"不給分）

② -53.5 kJ/mol （沒"-"號或沒單位均不給分）

③ a c d (少選、錯選均不給分)

17．(山西省實驗中學09屆高三9月考)（4分）火箭推進器中盛有強還原劑液態(tài)肼（N₂H₄）和強氧化劑液態(tài)過氧化氫。當它們混合反應(yīng)時，即產(chǎn)生大量氮氣和水蒸氣，并放出大量熱。已知0.4mol液態(tài)肼與足量液態(tài)過氧化氫反應(yīng)，生成氮氣和水蒸氣，放出256.652kJ的熱量。

（1）該反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式是。

（2）又已知H₂O(l)==H₂O(g)；△H=-44kJ?mol^-1，由16g液態(tài)肼與液態(tài)過氧化氫反應(yīng)生成液態(tài)水時放出的熱量是 kJ。

（3）此反應(yīng)用于火箭推進，除釋放大量熱和快速產(chǎn)生大量氣體外，還有一個很大的優(yōu)點是。

答案：（1）N₂H₄(l)+2H₂O₂(l)==N₂(g)+4H₂O(l)；△H=-641.63kJ?mol^-1

（2）408.815kJ （3）所得到的產(chǎn)物對大氣沒有污染

18．(山西省實驗中學09屆高三9月考)2008年北京奧運會所用火炬燃料為丙烷（C₃H₈），悉尼奧運會所用火炬燃料為65%丁烷（C₄H₁₀）和35%丙烷（C₃H₈），已知丙烷的燃燒熱為：2221.5kJ?mol^-1，正丁烷的燃燒熱為：2878kJ?mol^-1，異丁烷的烯燒熱為：2869.6kJ?mol^-1，下列有關(guān)說法正確的是（ A ）

A．奧運火炬燃燒時的能量轉(zhuǎn)化主要是化學能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崮?/p>

B．相同質(zhì)量的正丁烷和丙烷分別完全燃燒，前者需要的氧氣多，產(chǎn)生的熱也多

C．正丁烷比異丁烷穩(wěn)定

D．丙烷燃燒的熱化學方程式為：C₃H₈+5O₂==3CO₂+4H₂O；△H=-2221.5kJ?mol^-1

19．(山西省實驗中學09屆高三9月考)下列熱化學方程式書寫正確的是（ C ）

A．2SO₂+O₂ 2SO₃；△H=-196.6kJ/mol

B．C(s)+O₂(g)==CO₂(g)；△H=393.5kJ/mol

C．1/2H₂(g)+1/2Cl₂(g)==HCl(g)；△H=-92.5kJ/mol

D．H⁺(aq)+OH^-(aq)==H₂O(l)；△H=57.3kJ

20．(山西省實驗中學09屆高三9月考下列說法不正確的是（ D ）

A．對于吸熱反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)物所具有的總能量總是低于生成物所具有的總能量

B．任何放熱反應(yīng)在常濕條件下一定能發(fā)生反應(yīng)

C．在稀溶液中，酸跟堿發(fā)生中和反應(yīng)生成1molH₂O時的反應(yīng)熱叫做中和熱

D．在101kPa，1mol物質(zhì)完全燃燒生成穩(wěn)定氧化物時所放出的熱量就叫做該物質(zhì)的燃燒熱

21．(四川飛龍中學2009屆理科應(yīng)屆第三次月考)（16分）

W、X、Y、Z是原子序數(shù)依次增大的同一短周期元素，W、X是金屬元素，Y、Z是非金屬元素。

(1)W、X各自的最高價氧化物對應(yīng)的水化物可以反應(yīng)生成鹽和水，該反應(yīng)的離子方程式為____________________________________________________。

(2)W與Y可形成化合物W₂Y，該化合物的電子式為___________________。

(3)X的硝酸鹽水溶液顯_________性，用離子方程式解釋原因：

_________________________________________________________________。

(4)Y的低價氧化物通入Z單質(zhì)的水溶液中，發(fā)生反應(yīng)的化學方程式為

_________________________________________________________________。

(5)比較Y、Z氣態(tài)氫化物的穩(wěn)定性：________＞________（用分子式表示）。

(6)W、X、Y、Z四種元素簡單離子的離子半徑由大到小的順序是

__________＞__________＞_________＞_________。

(7)Z的最高價氧化物為無色液體，0.25 mol該物質(zhì)與一定量水混合得到一種稀溶液，并放出Q kJ的熱量。寫出該反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式：

________________________________________________________________。

答案： (1)Al(OH)₃＋OH^－＝Al＋2H₂O (2)

(3)酸 Al³^＋＋3H₂OAl(OH)₃＋3H^＋

(4)SO₂＋Cl₂＋2H₂O＝H₂SO₄＋2HCl

(5)HCl＞H₂S (6)S＞Cl＞Na＞Al

(7)Cl₂O₇(l)＋H₂O(l)＝2HClO₄(aq)；ΔH＝－4Q kJ/mol

22．．(飛龍中學2009屆理科應(yīng)屆第三次月考)二甲醚（CH₃OCH₃）被稱為21世紀的新型燃料，它清潔、高效、具有優(yōu)良的環(huán)保性能；二甲醚是一種無色氣體，具有輕微的醚香味，其燃燒熱為1455 kJ/mol；工業(yè)上用合成氣（CO、H₂）直接或間接制取二甲醚。下列敘述正確的是（A）

A．二甲醚分子只含有極性共價鍵

B．二甲醚為可再生能源

C．以二甲醚、空氣、氫氧化鉀溶液為原料，石墨為電極可構(gòu)成燃料電池。該電池中負極上的電極反應(yīng)式是CH₃OCH₃－12e^－＋12OH^－＝2CO₂＋8H₂O

D．二甲醚燃燒的熱化學方程式表示為CH₃OCH₃(g)＋3O₂(g)→2CO₂(g)＋3H₂O(g)；ΔH＝－1455 kJ/mol

23．(河北正定中學09高三第一次月考)一定條件下，用甲烷可以消除氮氧化物（NO_x）的污染。已知：

① CH₄ (g)+4NO₂ (g)=4NO (g) +CO₂ (g)+2H₂O (g) ；△H＝?574 kJ?mol^－¹

② CH₄ (g)+4NO (g)=2N₂ (g)+CO₂ (g)+2H₂O (g) ；△H＝?1160 kJ?mol^一¹。

下列選項正確的是（ DB ）

A．CH₄ (g)+2NO₂ (g)= N₂ (g)+CO₂ (g)+2H₂O (l) ；△H＝?867 kJ?mol^－¹

B．若0.2 mol CH₄還原NO₂至N₂，在上述條件下放出的熱量為173.4 kJ

C．1molCH₄催化還原NO_x為N₂的過程中，若x=1.6，則轉(zhuǎn)移的電子為3.2 mol

D．若用標準狀況下2.24L CH₄還原NO₂至N₂，整個過程中轉(zhuǎn)移的電子為0.8 mol

24．(河北正定中學09高三第一次月考)充分燃燒一定量丁烷氣體放熱QkJ，完全吸收它產(chǎn)生的CO₂且生成正鹽，需5mol/L的KOH溶液100mL。則丁烷的燃燒熱為( A )

A．16QkJ/mol B．8QkJ/mol C．-8QkJ/mol D．-16QkJ/mol

25．(內(nèi)蒙09二中高三第一次月考)25℃、101 kPa下，碳、氫氣、甲烷和葡萄糖的燃燒熱依次是393.5 kJ/mol、285.8 kJ/mol、890.3 kJ/mol、2800 kJ/mol，則下列熱化學方程式正確的是（D ）

A.C(s)+O₂(g)==CO(g)；△H=-393.5 kJ/mol

B.2H₂(g)+O₂(g)==2H₂O(g)；△H=+571.6 kJ/mol

C.CH₄(g)+2O₂(g)==CO₂(g)+2H₂O(g)；△H=-890.3 kJ/mol

D.C₆H₁₂O₆(s)+3O₂(g) === 3CO₂(g)+3H₂O(1)；△H=-1400 kJ/mol

26．(內(nèi)蒙09二中高三第一次月考)燃燒1g液態(tài)有機物，只生成0.05molCO₂氣體和1.2g液態(tài)水，且放出熱量33.63kJ，該有機物的蒸汽對H₂的相對密度為30，則該有機物燃燒的熱化學方程式為（A�。�

A．C₃H₈O(l)+9/2O₂(g)=3CO₂(g)+4H₂O(l); △H=-2017.8kJ/mol

B．C₃H₈ (l)+5O₂(g)=3CO₂(g)+4H₂O(l); △H=-33.63kJ/mol

C．C₃H₈(l)+5O₂(g)=3CO₂(g)+4H₂O(l); △H=-1479.4kJ/mol

D．C₃H₈O(l)+9/2O₂(g)=3CO₂(g)+4H₂O(g); △H=-2017.8kJmol

27．(哈爾濱九中2008－2009高三第二次月考)（12分）分別取40mL的0.50mol/L鹽酸與40mL 0.55mol/L氫氧化鈉溶液進行中和反應(yīng)。通過測定反應(yīng)過程中所放出的熱量可計算中和熱。請回答下列問題。

（1）理論上稀強酸、稀強堿反應(yīng)生成1mol水時放出57.3kJ的熱量，寫出表示稀硫酸和稀氫氧化鈉溶液反應(yīng)的中和熱的熱化學方程式；

（2）如右圖所示，儀器A的名稱是_______________；在實驗過程中，

如果不把溫度計上的酸用水沖洗干凈直接測量NaOH溶液的溫

度，則測得的△H （填“偏大”、“偏小”或“無影響”）；

（3）假設(shè)鹽酸和氫氧化鈉溶液的密度都是1g/cm³，又知中和后生成溶

液的比熱容c＝4.18J/（g?℃）。為了計算中和熱，某學生實驗記

錄數(shù)據(jù)如下：

實驗序號

起始溫度t₁℃

終止溫度t₂℃

鹽酸

氫氧化鈉

混合溶液

1

20．0

20．1

23．2

2

20．2

20．4

23．4

3

20．5

20．6

23．6

依據(jù)該學生的實驗數(shù)據(jù)計算，該實驗測得的中和熱△H＝________________；（結(jié)果保留一位小數(shù)）

（4）（填“能”或“不能”）用Ba(OH)₂和硫酸代替鹽酸和氫氧化鈉溶液，理由是。

答案：

（1）1/2H₂SO₄(aq)+ 1/2 Ba(OH)₂(aq)== 1/2BaSO₄(s)+H₂O(1)；△H=-57.3kJ／mol

H⁺(aq)+OH^-(aq)=H₂O(1)；△H = －57.3kJ?mol^-1（3分，物質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、反應(yīng)熱各1分）

（2）環(huán)形玻璃攪拌棒（2分）偏大（2分）

（3）-51.8 kJ／mol（2分）

（4）不能（1分）H₂SO₄與Ba(OH)₂反應(yīng)生成的BaSO₄沉淀的生成熱會影響反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)熱（2分）

28．(哈爾濱九中2008－2009高三第二次月考)已知反應(yīng)：（1）C（s）+ O₂（g）== CO₂（g） △H = －393.5kJ/mol

（2）2CO（g）+ O₂（g）== 2CO₂（g） △H = －566.0kJ/mol

則反應(yīng)：C（s）+ 　O₂（g）== CO（g）的△H 是（　B�。�

A．－221 kJ/mol B．－110.5 kJ/mol C．+110.5 kJ/mol D．+221 kJ/mol

29．(哈爾濱九中2008－2009高三第二次月考)有關(guān)鍵能數(shù)據(jù)如表

化學鍵

Si―O

O=O

Si―Si

鍵能/kJ?mol^-1

X

498.8

176

晶體硅在氧氣中燃燒的熱化學方程式為Si(s)+O₂(g)=SiO₂(s)；△H = -989.2/kJ?mol^-1，則X的值為（　B�。�

A．423.3 B．460 C．832 D．920

30．(北京明光中學2008年9月高三教學檢測) (6分)(1)①家用液化氣中主要成分之一是丁烷。當1g丁烷完全燃燒并生成CO₂和液態(tài)水時，放出熱量50KJ。試寫出丁烷燃燒反應(yīng)的熱化學方程式 _

_____________________________________________________。

②又已知H₂O(l)=H₂O(g)；△H=+44kJ/mol，則58g丁烷完全燃燒生成氣態(tài)水時放出熱量

為 KJ。

(2)已知含KOH28.0g稀溶液與足量稀硫酸反應(yīng)，放出28.65KJ的熱量，試寫出該反應(yīng)中和熱的熱化學方程式。

答案：

(1)①C₄H₁₀(g)+6.5O₂(g)=4CO₂(g)+5H₂O(l)；△H=－ 2900kJ/mol；②2680kJ

(2)1/2H₂SO₄(aq)+NaOH(aq)=1/2Na₂SO₄(aq)+H₂O(l)；△H= ―57.3kJ?mol^－¹

31．(北京明光中學2008年9月高三教學檢測)下列說法或表示法正確的是( AC )

A．測定HCl和NaOH的中和熱時，每次實驗均應(yīng)測量三個溫度，即鹽酸起始溫度、NaOH起始溫度和反應(yīng)后的終止溫度

B．由“C（石墨）―→C（金剛石）；△H= +119 kJ/mol ”可知金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定

C．在稀溶液中： H⁺＋OH^－＝H₂O；△H＝－57.3kJ/mol，若將含0.5molH₂SO₄的濃硫酸與含1molNaOH的溶液混合，放出的熱量大于57.3kJ

D．在101kPa時，2gH₂完全燃燒生成液態(tài)水，放出285.8kJ熱量，氫氣燃燒的熱化學方程式表示為：2H₂(g)+O₂(g)=2H₂O(l)；△H= +285.8kJ/mol

32．(北京明光中學2008年9月高三教學檢測)已知CH₄(g)+2O₂(g)=CO₂(g)+2H₂O(l);；△ H=－Q₁

2H₂(g)+O₂(g)= 2H₂O(g);；△ H=－Q₂

2H₂(g)+O₂(g)= 2H₂O(l);；△ H=－Q₃

常溫下，取體積比為4：1的甲烷和H₂的混合氣體112L（標況），經(jīng)完全燃燒后恢復(fù)到

常溫，則放出的熱量為( A)

A．4Q₁+0.5Q₃ B．4Q₁+0.5Q₂ C．4Q₁+Q₃D．4Q₁+2Q₂

33．(東北育才學校2008-2009高三第二次模擬)下列表述中正確的是 ( D )

A．任何能使熵值減小的過程都能自發(fā)進行

B．已知熱化學方程式2SO₂(g)＋O₂(g) 2SO₃(g)；△H＝－QkJ?mol^－¹（Q＞0），

則將2mol SO₂(g)和1mol O₂(g)置于一密閉容器中充分反應(yīng)后放出QkJ的熱量

C．在Na₂SO₄溶液中加入過量的BaCl₂后，溶液中不存在SO₄²^－

D．1mol NaOH分別和1mol CH₃COOH、1molHNO₃反應(yīng)，后者比前者△H小

34．(東北育才學校2008-2009高三第二次模擬)蓋斯定律認為：不管化學過程是一步完成或分為數(shù)步完成，這個過程的熱效應(yīng)是相同的。已知：H₂O（g）=H₂O（l） △H₁=－Q₁kJ?mol^－¹

C₂H₅OH（g）=C₂H₅OH（l） △H₂=－Q₂kJ?mol^－¹

C₂H₅OH（g）+3O₂（g）=2CO₂（g）+3H₂O（g） △H₃=－Q₃kJ?mol^－¹

若使23g酒精液體完全燃燒，最后恢復(fù)到室溫，則放出的熱量為（kJ）（ D ）

A．Q₁+ Q₂+Q₃ B．0.5（Q₁+Q₂+Q₃ ）

C．0.5 Q₂－1.5 Q₁－0.5Q₃ D．1.5 Q₁－0.5 Q₂+0.5Q₃

35．(湖南長郡中學2009屆高三第三次月考)下列關(guān)于熱化學反應(yīng)的描述中正確的是

A．需要加熱才能發(fā)生的反應(yīng)一定是吸熱反應(yīng)

B．當反應(yīng)物的總能量比生成物的總能量高時，為放熱反應(yīng)；當生成物的總能量比反應(yīng)物的能量高時，則表現(xiàn)為吸熱反應(yīng)。

C．CO(g)的燃燒熱是283.0 kJ?mol^－¹，則CO(g)的燃燒熱的熱化學方程式為：

2CO(g)＋O₂(g) ＝2CO₂(g)；ΔH＝－566 kJ?mol^－¹

D．HCl和NaOH反應(yīng)的中和熱ΔH＝－57.3 kJ?mol^－¹，則1molH₂SO₄和1molBa(OH)₂反應(yīng)放出的熱量為114.6kJ

36．下列有關(guān)熱化學方程式的敘述正確的是（ C ）

A．已知2H₂（g）+O₂（g）2H₂O（g）；△H=-483.6kJ/mol，則氫氣的燃燒熱為241.8 kJ/mol

B．已知C（石墨，s）C（金剛石，s）；△H>0，則金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定

C．含20.0g NaOH的稀溶液與稀鹽酸完全中和，放出28.7kJ的熱量，則表示該反應(yīng)中和熱的熱化學方程式為：NaOH（aq）+HCl（aq）NaCl（aq）+H₂O（l）；△H=-57.4kJ/mol

D．己知2C（s）+2O₂（g）=2CO₂（g）；△H₁2C（s）+O₂（g）=2CO（g）；△H₂

則△H₁>△H₂

37．通常人們把拆開1 mol某化學鍵吸收的能量看成該化學鍵的鍵能。鍵能的大小可以衡量化學鍵的強弱，也可以估計化學反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)熱（ΔH），化學反應(yīng)的ΔH等于反應(yīng)中斷裂舊化學鍵的鍵能之和與反應(yīng)中形成新化學鍵的鍵能之和的差。下列是一些化學鍵的鍵能。

化學鍵

C―H

C―F

H―F

F―F

鍵能/（kJ?mol）

414

489

565

155

根據(jù)鍵能數(shù)據(jù)估算下列反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)熱ΔH為：CH₄ (g）+4F₂ (g) ＝CF₄+4HF(g） ( A )

A.?1940 kJ ? mol^－¹ B.1940 kJ ? mol^－¹

C. ?485 kJ ? mol^－¹ D.485 kJ ? mol^－¹

38．下列說法或表示法正確的是

A．測定HCl和NaOH的中和熱時，每次實驗均應(yīng)測量三個溫度，即鹽酸起始溫度、NaOH起始溫度和反應(yīng)后的終止溫度

B．由“C（石墨）―→C（金剛石）；△H= +119 kJ/mol ”可知金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定

C．在稀溶液中： H⁺＋OH^－＝H₂O；△H＝－57.3kJ/mol，若將含0.5molH₂SO₄的濃硫酸與含1molNaOH的溶液混合，放出的熱量等于57.3kJ

D．在101kPa時，2gH₂完全燃燒生成液態(tài)水，放出285.8kJ熱量，氫氣燃燒的熱化學方程式表示為：2H₂(g)+O₂(g)=2H₂O(l)；△H= +285.8kJ/mol

39下列說法中正確的是

A．已知：2H₂O（l）=2H₂（g）+O₂（g）；△H₁>0

H₂O（l）=H₂（g）+O₂（g）；△H₂>0 則△H₁>△H₂

B.在合成氨工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，為提高氫氣的轉(zhuǎn)化率，可采取使用催化劑的措施

C．因為常溫下白磷可自燃，而氮氣須在放電時才與氧氣反應(yīng)，所以非金屬性：P>N

D．1mol H₂SO₄與1mol Ba(OH)₂反應(yīng)生成BaSO₄沉淀時放出的熱叫做中和熱

D．熱量可能自發(fā)地從低溫物體傳遞到高溫物體

40．下列熱化學方程式中的ΔH能表示對應(yīng)可燃物質(zhì)燃燒熱的是( B )。

A．2 CO(g) + O₂(g) ＝ 2 CO₂(g)；ΔH = －566 KJ?mol^-1

B．CH₄(g) + 2 O₂(g) ＝CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(l)；ΔH = －890 KJ?mol^-1

C．2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) = 2 H₂O(l)；ΔH = －571.6 KJ?mol^-1

D．H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) = 2 HCl(g) ；ΔH = －184.6 KJ?mol^-1

41．下列變化屬于放熱反應(yīng)的是（　　D　）。

A．H₂O(g)＝H₂O(l) △H＝－44.0 kJ/mol

B．2HI(g)＝H₂(g)＋I₂(g) △H＝＋14.9 kJ/mol

C．形成化學鍵時放出能量的化學反應(yīng)

D．能量變化如右圖所示的化學反應(yīng)

42、(11分)人類對氫氣的研究更趨深入，“氫能”將是未來最理想的新能源。

(1)實驗測得，1g氫氣燃燒生成液態(tài)水時放出142.9kJ熱量，則氫氣燃燒的熱化學方程式為___________ ________________。

(2)利用核能把水分解制氫氣，是目前正在研究的課題。下圖是其中的一種流程，其中用了過量的碘。（提示：反應(yīng)②的產(chǎn)物是O₂、SO₂和H₂O）

完成下列反應(yīng)的化學方程式：反應(yīng)①______________；反應(yīng)②_____________________。此法制取氫氣的最大優(yōu)點是_____________________________。

（3）目前有科學家在一定條件下利用水煤

試題詳情

2009屆高考第二輪復(fù)習單項選擇題專項練習精選200題

1．There is still much to discuss. We shall, ____________, return to this item at our next meeting.

A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．briefly

2．The door and the windows were all closed and there was no ___________ of forced entry.

A．scene B．signal C．sign D．sight

3．― Would you have your family get together this New Year’s Day?

― ___________. We are busy working at that time.

A．No way B．Not at all C．No problem D．No chance

4．― The National College Entrance Examination is drawing near. All we should do is make the best use of time.

― I can’t agree more. Every minute ________.

A．needs B．counts C．a(chǎn)cquires D．urges

5．― I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.

― Oh, it __________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.

A．must have been B．should have been

C．could have been D．may have been

6．He has recently ___________ tennis to relax himself.

A．taken off B．taken up C．put up D．put out

7．To our excitement, two _________ of students __________ a success after three years’ hard

work.

A．scores; scored B．score; lost C．scores; made D．score; scored

8．Our class _________ all fond of singing English songs and we can sing ________ than others.

A．is; many more B．a(chǎn)re; many more

C．is; much more D．a(chǎn)re; much more

9．The long-lasting meeting __________ in disorder, __________ no conclusion.

A．was ended; reached B．ended; reaching

C．was ended; reaching D．ended; to reach

10．If you feel tired and sick of fat foods, that is ___________ you have to go to the hospital for a medical examination.

A．why B．what C．when D．whether

11．The overseas Chinese scientist made another wonderful discovery, ___________ of great value to study AIDS.

A．which I think it is B．which I think is

C．I think it is D．I think is

12．Americans are nervous ____________ the prospect of a nuclear-armed Iran, but also worry

__________ the ability of the United States and the United Nations to deal with the situation.

A．a(chǎn)bout; about B．to; about C．for; about D．for; for

13．When __________ comes to golf, I know nothing and I have no interest in this match.

A．this B．that C．it D．one

14．― You can’t enter the building without __________ permission.

― I’ve lost __________ permission card.

A．the; a B．a(chǎn); the C．\; the D．\; \

15．― I hear that Bai Shan can’t afford his schooling this fall.

― ___________, let’s do something for him.

A．If so B．Where possible C．When necessary D．What a shame

16. --- I have just had my watch repaired.

--- How much did they for that?

A. cost B. charge C. spend D. take

17. --- It’s been a wonderful Halloween Party. Thank you very much.

--- ___________.

A. My pleasure B. I’m glad to hear that C. No, thanks D. It’s OK

18. --- How about the book you are reading?

--- Good indeed. It ___________ many problems we have come across in our study.

A. says B. talks C. covers D. refers

19. The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned.

A. can’t have been B. couldn’t be C. may have been D. would be

20. He ___________ the test, but he wasn't careful enough.

A. was able to pass B. must have passed

C. could have passed D. might be able to pass

21. I have kept that picture ___________ I can see it every day as it always reminds me of my university days in London.

A. in which B. where C. whether D. when

22. He expected there ____________ more room for him to put in a desk.

A. will be B. is C. to be D. being

23. The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally ___________ because of the bad weather.

A. set up B. broken down C. worn out D. called off

24. Ants are the most common life form on earth, ___________ tiny, their combined weight is greater than that of the combined weight of all humans.

A. though B. although C. even though D. as if

25. Xiamen is ___________ most beautiful coast city and I believe I will come for__________ second time.

A. the, an B. a, a C. the, the D. a, the

26. Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _________ in the last ten minutes.

A. had lost B. would lose C. were losing D. lost

27. With a lot of difficult problems , the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.

A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled

28. People think that the beauty of the mountains is great than ___________ of the desert.

A. one B. the one C. those D. that

29. Driving a car is not as difficult as you imagine, if you ____________ the rules.

A. depend on B. believe in C. turn to D. stick to

30. Would you please make a copy for everybody in the office and __________ extra ones for the visitors?

A. other B. many C. few D. some

31. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _________ we meet them again.

A. after B. before C. since D. when

32. Little ___________ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

A. he realized B. he didn't realize C. didn't he realize D. did he realize

33. The teacher ___________ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him, I suppose.

A. should B. can C. would D. must

34. -- Was Martin sorry for what he' d done?

-- ___________. It was just like him!

A. Never mind B. All right C. Not really D. Not surprisingly

35. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ___________.

A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be

36. They became friends again that day. Until then, they _______ to each other for nearly two years.

A. didn't speak B. hadn't spoken C. haven' t spoken D. haven' t been speaking

37. -- Didn't you have a good time at the party?

-- Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to __________ so quickly.

A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over

38. The school' s music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two ___ on the weekend.

A. more B. other C. else D. another

39. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it.

A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished

40. -- Robert is indeed a wise man.

-- Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _________ his advice!

A." to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking

41. -- Bill, if it doesn't rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.

-- ___ I just want to hear Mozart.

A. Well done ! B. No problem. C. That' s great! D. That' s it.

42. The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _________ in many parts of the city.

A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance

43. You can only be sure of you have at present; you cannot be sure of something __________ you might get in the future.

A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that

44. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.

A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom

45. -- Did Peter fix the computer himself?

-- He ________, because he doesn't know much about computers.

A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it

46. ―Mike, the phone is ringing. Do you want me to answer it?

―No, sit still. ___________ .

A. I’m about to get it B. I’m getting it C. I’d like to get it D. I'm to get it

47. Don't trust such people __________ praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back.

A. who B. that C. which D. as

48. She was in hospital for about half a year. He felt as if he was ___________ from the outside world.

A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through

49. The visiting president couldn't help _________ by the beautiful scenery of Guilin in Guangxi.

A. striking B. to be struck C. being struck D. to strike

50. However, in ________ recent years, _________ Niagara Falls have come to be appreciated more for their natural beauty as _________ wonder of Nature.

A. /; the; a B. the; /; the C. /; the; / D. the; /; a

51. Many people were________ from our hotel during May Day holidays because all the rooms in our hotel had been engaged.

A. turned over B. turned out C. turned away D. turned in

52. __________ , he is not yet ready to turn professional.

A. Gifted though is he B. Gifted as is he

C. Gifted as he is D. Though is he gifted

53. My goodness, how lucky we are! If there had been p1aces for us on the aero plane, we _____dead now.

A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. had been

54.―Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you?

―I couldn't agree_______ . The idea sounds great to me.

A. much B. worse C. more D. at all

55.It's important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the _________ in language studies.

A. situation B. expression C. condition D. translation

56. The World Health Organization warned that Asian countries __________ attentive to bird flu since Asia ___________ got rid of the disease completely.

A. should keep; has B. must remain; has not

C. ought to stay; has been D. shall be; has not been

57. There are many interesting books_________ , but I'm at a loss which to borrow.

A. to choose B. for choosing C. to be chosen D. to choose from

58. How _____ Zhang Ning performed in the badminton singles final! She won another Olympic gold medal for China.

A. A. slimly B. eventually C. splendidly D. anxiously

59. _____ lie in the sun for too long, _______ you will get sunburnt.

A. Not; and B. Don’t; otherwise C. Shouldn’t; for D. Let’s not; and

60. ― Oh, it's you. I__________ you. Why are you looking so thin and pale?

― I've been ill for weeks and still under treatment.

A. can't recognize B. could hardly recognize

C. haven't recognized D. wasn't recognizing

61. Some doctors were sent to the front where medical workers were __________.

A. in great need B in desperate need of C needed great D needed in

62. ――The police have caught the murderer.

――Yes, and he admitted ___________his boss on a rainy night seven years ago.

A. to kill B to have killed C having killing D have been killed

63. ――Did you reach the top of the mountain?

―― Yes. Even I myself didn’t believe I could make__________.

A. that B. it C. myself D. them
64. The Chinese are good at table tennis ___________the English are interested in football.

A. if B. as C. while D. since
65. Was it in front of the market____________ the road accident happened yesterday?

A. where B. that C. which D. why

66. ――I’m sorry that I didn’t work out this problem.

――It’s ___________our ability. I didn’t work it out, too.

A. over B. beyond C. more than D. above

67. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ___________to ask how I am

going to _____________ spend the money.

A. had phoned B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning

68. He didn’t like coffee __________tea, but water.

A. and B or C. but D. with

69. It is better to ask someone for advice rather than ___________something.

A. risk doing B. risk to do C. to risk doing D. to risk to do

70. ――Your neighbors may __________you with playing your radio too loudly at night.

――I know. They never say anything that ___________ me especially.

A. accuse, appeals to B. charge, appeal to C. charge, appeals to D. blame, appeals to
71. I spoke that slowly but I didn’t __________my meaning __________.

A. come…across B. get…across C. get…about D. get…ahead

72. If _________, the bird flu would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patients.

A. not treat B not treated C untreated D. Both B and C

73. Johnny is a great dancer; he __________above the rest for his perfect performance.

A. stands by B stands for C stands out D. makes for

74. This race was her last chance to win a place on the national team so everything was __________.

A. dangerous B. in stake C. at stake D. in charge

75. He studied very hard all the time because he didn’t want to __________in his studies.

A. fall behind B. be left behind C. left behind D. Both A and B

76. ________ opening ceremony of the 28th Beijing Olympic Games really gave the world _________ big surprise. 高.考.資.源.網(wǎng)

A. 不填; a B. The; the C. The; a D. 不填; the

77. ---This passage is difficult for me. Could you please explain it to me?

---I’m afraid I have to say sorry, but the book is ________ my understanding.

A. beyond B. over C. above D. off

78. For most Americans, their 18th birthday ________ the end of one part of their life and the beginning of another.

A. predicts B. tells C. marks D. signs

79. Mr. Wang, who is said to have immigrated to the USA, ________ at No.2 Middle School in our city for twenty years.

A. has been teaching B. was teaching C. taught D. has taught

80. I’m sorry I can’t spare any ink for you, for, you see, I have __________ myself.

A. nothing B. no one C. no D. none

81. ---How often do you visit your granny in the village?

---I feel ashamed. Just __________.

A. often B. by accident C. once in a while D. all of a sudden

82. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, _________, refusing them when they turn to him.

A. if never B. if ever C. if not D. if any

83. The situation is _________ --- we have no food, very little water and no medical supplies.

A. desperate B. adventurous C. deserted D. optimistic

84. ---But for your timely warning, we __________ into great trouble.

---Well, you know we’re friends.

A. would get B. must have got C. would have got D. can’t have got

85. With Shanghai World Expo drawing near, volunteers are making use of every minute to ________ their foreign language because language volunteers must pass a written test and an interview.

A. polish up B. take up C. put up D. make up

86. The word “media” basically refers to _________ we commonly call newspapers, magazines,

radios and televisions.

A. which B. that C. what D. where

87. The company made it a rule that any application form ___________ properly will not be accepted.

A. not to be filled B. not filled C. not being filled D. not having been filled

88. It was not until the entrance exams were in sight that__________ that I had so many books to

cover and so many exercises to finish.

A. I realized B. did I realize C. had I realized D. I had realized

89. __________ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.

A. When B. While C. As D. Since

90. ---Surely you can turn to David for help.

---_______ He is the last one you can rely on.

A. Get out of it! B. Is that right?

C. I couldn’t agree more. D. It’s up to you.

91．According to ________ announcement by Guangzhou Price Bureau, _________ new measures which have been taken recently are expected to cut the operation costs of each taxi driver by 1280 yuan

A．the; 不填 B．a(chǎn)n; the C．不填 ; the D．a(chǎn)n; 不填

92. ----Did you remember to pay the telephone bill?

-----The telephone bill? ____________.

A．That isn’t due yet. B．Are you sure?

C．My telephone is out of order. D．Please remember the amount.

93. Jim was not _________ to the club, because at that time he was not a member of it.

A．a(chǎn)llowed B．permitted C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．promoted

94.After the Shenzhou VI capsule (太空艙 ) touched down, two astronauts succeeded in traveling around the earth, thus again __________ China is a global space power.

A．proving B．to prove C．to have proved D．being proved

95. Generous public funding of basic science would _________ a good many benefits for the country’s health, wealth and security.

A．result from B．lead to C．lie in D．settle down

96. Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered and a child rarely dislikes food __________ it is badly cooked．

A．if B．until C．that D．unless

97. ----The Singaporean singer Stefanie Sun took the Most Popular Female Award in Hong Kong.

----But when she studied in middle school, no fans could have imagined how well she _______ in the world of entertainment. (孫燕姿)

A．would do B．was doing C．had done D．did

98．This river has changed its course many times. It _________ always located where it ________ at present.

A．isn’t; is B．isn’t; will be C．wasn’t; is D．wasn’t; has been

99. The film brought the hours back to me __________ I was taken good care of in that far- away village.

A．until B．that C．when D．where

100. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ___________ a goal.

A．had scored B．scored C．would score D．would have scored

101.__________ with such great difficulty, Jack felt at a loss__________.

A．facing; what to say B．Faced; what to say

C．Having faced; how to tell D．Being faced ; how to speak

102. With online course Crazy English has over 20 million students all over China __________ the class through Internet.

A．a(chǎn)ttend B．a(chǎn)ttended C．a(chǎn)ttending D．to be attending

103. The girl was so __________ by the mighty river that she would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the boats and rafts going and coming.

A．a(chǎn)bsorbed B．fascinated C．moved D．touched

104. _________ your proposal , I am pleased to inform you that most committee members consider it acceptable.

A．Considering B．Concerning C．Seeing D．Supposing

105.----- Was _________ Bill , ________ played basketball very well, __________ helped the blind man cross the road?

------- Yes, of course. He is always ready to help others.

A．it; that; who B．this; who; that C．which; that; that D．it; who; that

106．All these changes will lead to __ strong and powerful China, __ country that can surprise and enrich our planet.

A．a(chǎn) ;a B．the ; a C．the ; the D．a(chǎn); the

107．―Have you ever heard that Beijing toilet attendants will be required to learn English for the 2008 Olympic Games?

―Yeah, I ___ about it in The Beijing Morning Post.

A．had read B．read C．would read D．will read

108．When at university, Ross did many travels, some of places of interest, relics, sights and styled buildings.

A．which B．them C．it D．that

109．They believed, and ___ did we, that these modern paintings collected in the Shanghai Art Gallery were as valuable as those in the Museum.

A．that B．which C．neither D．so

110．I wonder what will my daughter if she failed most people have succeeded.

A．turn to ; in which B．become of ; where

C．turn out ; that D．become in ; when

111．When he came back, he found the bag he had ____ over the seat was gone.

A．left to hang B．left hanging

C．left hung D．to leave hanging

112．It has been said that in no country ____ Britain can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A．better than B．other than C．rather than D．more than

113．The job is open to all, _____ their previous experience.

A．a(chǎn)part from B．a(chǎn)s a consequence of

C．regardless of D．in spite of

114．Although it is not our normal ____ to give credit in our shop, this time I think we should consider the matter more closely.

A．habit B．practice C．a(chǎn)ction D．intention

115．Feeling very ____ , he felt _____ he should take some actions.

A．a(chǎn)ngry, strong B．a(chǎn)ngry, strongly

C．a(chǎn)ngrily, strong D．a(chǎn)ngrily, strongly

116．―You keep on coughing. What’s the matter?

―Oh, I’ve got a cold. Nothing serious, ____ .

A．yet B．indeed C．though D．a(chǎn)nyway

117．―How many students, do you think, will be present at the meeting?

―I expect ____ 20 students at the meeting.

A．there being B．there to be C．there be D．there been

118．Professor Hunter was soon told ____ he discovered was not important to them.

A．why that B．why what C．that why D．what why

119．Many teens have too much homework to do, which ____ them up at night.

A．makes B．keeps C．breaks D．turns

120．― __ he come to see you as he promised?

―Of course, please and I’d rather he ____ me the truth.

A．Will ; informed B．Shall; told C．Should; will tell D．Can; tells

121. ---Have you heard the latest news?

---No, What __________?

A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those

122. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, __________ they learn simple games and songs.

A. then B. there C. while D. where

123. The manager suggested an earlier date ____________ the meeting.

A. on B. for C. about D. with

124. ---It’s a long time since I saw my sister.

---___________ her this weekend?

A. Why not visit B. why not to visit

C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit

125. ---The last one ____________ pays the meal. ---Agreed!

A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving

126. I won’t call you, ___________ something unexpected happens.

A. unless B. whether C. because D. while

127. ---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

---It __________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will B. would C. should D. must

128. We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse.

A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with

C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with

129. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?

A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt

130. Does this meal cost $50? I __________ something far better than this!

A. prefer B. expect C. suggest D. suppose

131. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _________ their education that causes misunderstanding.

A. like B. as C. or D. but

132. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I __________ there several years ago.

A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been

133. ---Can you read the sign, sir? No smoking allowed in the lift!

---______________.

A. Never mind B. Don’t mention it

C. Sure, I don’t smoke D. Pardon me

134. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even ___________ from her book.

A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on

135. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time.

A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell

136. About 698,000 laptops were sold in China in _ second quarter, 12.1 % increase from a year ago.

A. a； a B. the； a C. the；the D. a； the

137. I can’t go to the New Year’s concert, _________, 100 dollars is just too much for me to spend in one evening.

A . in other words B. that is C. in particular D. I mean

138. ----- What’s the model plane look like?

----- Well, the wings of the plane are _________ of its body.

A. more than the length twice B. twice more than the length

C. more than twice the length D. more twice than the length

139. ---- You shouldn’t have gone there alone last night.

---- But I __________, because Xiao Wang went there, too.

A. didn’t B. had to C. did D. should

140. Before leaving home, make sure to turn off the electricity, lock the door, ________ the windows open.

A. and not to leave B. instead of leaving C. rather than leave D. and not leave

141. Space exploration has been made __________ with the development of modern science and technology.

A. it possible B. it was possible C. that possible D. possible

142. The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity, but it may be some time _________ the situation improves.

A. since B. when C. unless D. before

143. It ___ how long the shock that explosions hit London transport system will stay in people's hearts.

A. abandons B. considers C. matters. D. minds

144. ---Thanks for your trouble.

---Not at all. I’m ___________ pleased to help you.

A. too much B. too only C. so much D. only too

145. --- Mr White is strongly against the plan.

--- __________ ? It was he who suggested it.

A. Why not B. How’s that C. What for D. Is that right

146. So __ _ that all the living things died out gradually .

A．serious polluted the lake is B．serious polluted is the lake

C．seriously polluted the lake is D．seriously polluted is the lake

147. Teenagers are warned to be careful when making friends online, because when you can’t see a person, they could be __________.

A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody

148. Then I have learned there are a lot of troubles in our lives, but the problem is __________ they control you or you control them.

A. why B. whether C. that D. what

149. He __________ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.

A. must have gained B. can have gained C. could have gained D. must gain

150. It is few people, _________ have come to ask for the position, __________ fit for the job.

A. who ; who do I think is B. that ; I think is

C. that ; who I think are D. who ; that I think are

151．The millionaire passed away, leaving his children with a large ___________.

A．fortune B．luck C．money D．a(chǎn)mount

152．Don’t push me! __________ you know the truth right away?

A．Must B．Could C．Might D．Would

153．Scientist are not sure about the ___________ of water on the Mars.

A．occupation B．existence C．demand D．treasure

154．He dressed up and went to the party as if ___________.

&nb

試題詳情

云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測

語文

本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時150分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共30分）

注意事項：

1．答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚。

2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。

本卷共10小題，每小題3分，共30分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項符合題目要求。

試題詳情

云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測

英語

本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。共150分，考試時間120分鐘。

第I卷（選擇題，共115分）

注意事項：

1．答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題

卡上填寫清楚，并認真核準條形碼上的準考證號、姓名及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好

條形碼。

2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。不能答在試卷上。

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，現(xiàn)將答案標在試卷上。錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié) 聽力（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A．￡19.15. B．￡9.15. C．￡9.18

答案是B。

1．Where are these two speakers?

A．In an office． B．In a classroom． C．In a hotel.

2．What does the man suggest doing first?

A．Going downtown．

B．Having dinner．

C．Seeing a movie.

3．What is the woman doing?

A．Asking the way．

B．Talking about the traffic．

C．Visiting a college.

4．What do the speakers decide to do?

A．Cook dinner at home．

B．Have dinner with a friend．

C．Eat out together.

5．What can be learned about Peter?

A．He has lost his ticket．

B．He has booked a ticket．

C．He has found a ticket.

第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。

6．What is the relationship between the two speakers?

A．Colleagues． B．A couple． C．College classmates.

7．What do we know about the car?

A．It needs washing．

B．It has been stolen．

C．It needs repairing.

8．What do they plan to do?

A．Learn something useful．

B．Teach at a college．

C．Buy a new car.

聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。

9．What time did the accident take place exactly?

A．At 2:43． B．At 2:45． C．At 2:47.

10．Where was the woman at the time of the accident?

A．Outside the store．

B．In the taxi．

C．In the car.

11．What did the woman see?

A．The taxi hit a man．

B．The taxi hit the lights．

C．The taxi hit the car.

聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。

12．What are the speakers talking about?

A．A one-day tour of London.

B．A guidebook about London.

C．An experience in London.

13．What does the man want to see most?

A．The British Museum．

B．The St．Paul's．

C．Hyde Park.

14．What seems to be the man's native language?

A．English． B．French． C．Chinese.

聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。

15．Where does the conversation take place?

A．In the man's office．

B．In the man's house．

C．In a furniture shop.

16．What is the condition of the refrigerator?

A．It's working properly.

B．It doesn't work any more．

C．Something is wrong with the door.

17．What will the woman probably do?

A．Fix up the house.

B．Rent the house.

C．Look for another place.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18．When was their house in Wimbledon built?

A．Last year． B．In 1932． C．Five years ago.

19．Which room is now used as a storeroom?

A．The living room downstairs.

B．One of the bedrooms.

C．The dining room.

20．What makes the speaker satisfied with their cottage?

A．Its large beautiful garden.

B．The comfortable bedrooms.

C．Its wonderful surroundings.

第二部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）

從 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.

A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

答案是B。

21．― Sorry, Debbie! I have to finish this article before going with you.

― _____ ．We still have an hour before the concert starts．

A．Don't bother B．You're right C．Take your time D．Hurry up

22．You must have Emma to the party, and then _____ Emily ― don't forget her.

A．here's B．that's C．where's D．there's

23．Mr．Baker would like to buy your house if you are willing to _____ a more reasonable price.

A．sell B．pay C．offer D．deal

24．________ the film Slumdog Millionaire has won 8 Oscars, most Indians are not pleased with it.

A．As B．While C．When D．Since

25．― Beijing or Shanghai? What do you mean?

― We were talking about _____ to go to college.

A．how B．where C．whether D．when

26．The Palace Museum has a _____ of 9,600,000 pieces of ancient Chinese artwork.

A．collection B．mixture C．combination D．series

27．I know the teacher _____ to Amy when she spoke of a bright girl.

A．refers B．referred C．was referring D．had referred

28．Having weekly meals together _____ to be helpful in bringing the family closer.

A．found out B．turned out C．figured out D．worked out

29．― How sad your brother looks! What's up?

― I've no idea．That's _____ is upsetting me.

A．who B．which C．what D．that

30．― Hello, Dr．Smith's Clinic!

― Hello! I'm calling to cancel the appointment I _____ with the doctor.

A．a(chǎn)m making B．have made C．will make D．had made

31．You should ask _____ about what you can do for your country than what your country can do for you.

A．much B．most C．more D．many

32．― What would you like to drink?

―_____ will do so long as it is cold.

A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something

33．Obama received huge support from African Americans, _____ more than 95% voted for him.

A．of which B．of whom C．from which D．from whom

34．Leaders of most countries attended the UN conference _____ in South Africa earlier this year.

A．held B．to be held C．to hold D．holding

35．―Is the book Lock And Key in the library?

― _____．The school has just bought many new books.

A．Shall be B．Would be C．Might be D．Should be

第二節(jié) 完型填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項。

At 13 years of age, I visited a doctor with my parents．As I sat in the examining chair, the doctor looked into my 36 "She did inherit （繼承） it." he said with coldness．"You need to be prepared．There is no 37 for this disease."

My father 38 a gene which, in most cases, results in blindness．I'd inherited the gene．He gradually 39 his eyesight and so did I．At last we were both 40 blind ― he was fifty-seven years old, 41 I was only twenty-eight.

My world 42 as the darkness fell, 43 the dreams my husband and I had for us and for our three little boys．But 44 I tried to find some hope and 45 , my eyes were opened to a new realization.

My father had 46 me not just failing eyesight, but an example of 47 in the face of hardships as well．We were all living in Bolivia in 1964 when he decided to 48 the family to America．He worked tirelessly to 49 the right of living in the US.

Alone in the States, he 50 his helplessness and lack of fluency in English．He managed to rent a small apartment, and nine months later, sent airline tickets for my mom, my brother and me.

Decades later, 51 an American citizen, I look back at what he'd shown me．He set an example proving that determination is important to success．His 52 taught me valuable lessons for my own path in the darkness.

I did the same as I stepped into a 53 world．I fulfilled （完成） my own 54 as a wife, mom, Sunday school teacher and Spanish interpreter．What I inherited from my father helped me to 55 my life in a whole new light.

36．A．mouth B．eyes C．ears D．throat

37．A．solution B．reason C．excuse D．cure

38．A．carried B．spread C．infected D．raised

39．A．damaged B．lost C．recovered D．gained

40．A．rapidly B．nearly C．completely D．terribly

41．A．though B．but C．so D．since

42．A．broke down B．broke off C．broke away D．broke out

43．A．realizing B．sharing C．disturbing D．destroying

44．A．when B．before C．unless D．until

45．A．honour B．beauty C．strength D．failure

46．A．handed B．rewarded C．given D．taught

47．A．contribution B．determination C．challenge D．honesty

48．A．move B．settle C．a(chǎn)rrange D．send

49．A．enjoy B．declare C．a(chǎn)pply D．win

50．A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．overcame D．met

51．A．a(chǎn)s B．like C．for D .to

52．A．knowledge B．journey C．situation D．event

53．A．cruel B．inner C．modern D．dark

54．A．promises B．hopes C．roles D．changes

55．A．touch B．end C．save D．see

第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分；滿分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出最佳選項。

You want to know where the safest place for young children is in the car? For a child of any age, the back seat is the safest place and the safest part of the back seat is the middle．In the back seat, the child is farthest away from the force or effect of head-on collision（撞擊）, which can cause the most injuries.

All fifty states of the USA have laws requiring the use of safety seats for young children．If you have children under 8 years of age weighing no more than 80 pounds, it is necessary to fit your car with a special child safety seat.

The child safety seat comes in three types or sizes: the first type is designed for babies from birth to one year of age, until the baby weighs about 20 pounds; the second size is for children between one and four years of age, who weigh between 20 and 40 pounds; the third kind is used by older children big enough to use the car's belt system．Moreover, all these safety seats must be fitted and held in place on the car's back seat．If your child does need your attention while you are driving, don't look back．Just pull over （�？柯愤叄�.

In addition, always be sure your child is properly fastened throughout the entire trip．Children who can unfasten their own car seats are subject to fatal injuries in an accident．Start early in your child's life teaching them that car safety is serious business and make sure you give a good example and always wear your own seat belt.

56．This passage mainly discusses _____.

A．how a child can be kept safe while riding in a car

B．why the back seat is the safest place in a car

C．how a child safety seat can protect a child

D．what causes young passengers the most injuries

57．This passage is probably written for _____.

A．school teachers B．very young readers

C．parents of small children D．taxi drivers

58．The third type of safety seat is for children ______.

A．a(chǎn)bove eight years of age

B．between four and eight

C．weighing between 20 and 40 pounds

D．weighing more than 80 pounds

59．What safety tip is given in this passage?

A．Always keep your children beside you.

B．Fasten your own safety belt to set an example.

C．Make your child remain seated during the trip.

D．Study laws requiring the use of safety seats.

I hate Father's Day．The reason is that I have two dads, and come the third Sunday of every June, I feel like I'm letting them both down.

I didn't always feel this way．Father's Day and I actually got off to a good start．Even though my parents divorced when I was four, I could spend Father's Day with my dad．I'd make my dad a card and then go to the mall to buy him a book or a CD.

The first change started when I got a new father, Jim．He was a short guy with a big belly．Something about him suggested ease （自在） a marked contrast to my dad, who'd go crazy at the drop of a Coke．I began to look forward to Jim's visits．When my mom said they were getting married, I didn't care.

Some men are meant to be fathers, but not necessarily fathers to children of any age．When I was still young enough to be bribed （收買） with a gift, Dad was great．My dad was the kind of guy who is easily annoyed and prefers volume （音量） to reason．Gradually, I found Jim was more comfortable to be around．He soon became the dad I would go to for help with homework, to fix toys and to talk to teachers．He offered great comfort.

It took a few years for me to call Jim "Dad"．I'd never used the cold word "stepfather" with Jim．I just called him Jim．I guess I believe a father is a man who performs the duties a father should．Jim has done everything I imagine a "real" dad is supposed to do．So come next Father's Day, he'll also be the one I'll hug, and say "I love you" to.

60．What kind of person was the author's birth father?

A．He was hot-tempered． B．He was generous.

C．He was easy-going． D．He was reasonable.

61．What can be said about the author when he was still young?

A．He was very close to his father． B．He thought his father was great.

C．He couldn't tolerate his father． D．He didn't like his father.

62．The author liked Jim because ______.

A．Jim married his mother B．Jim was helpful and responsible

C．Jim lived with his family D．Jim often bought him gifts

63．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

A．the author never called Jim Dad

B．the author doesn't respect his father

C．the author regards Jim as his father as well

D．the author will ignore next Father's Day

The National Gallery now has a fine still life by the 18th century Dutch painter Jan van Os．This large picture （89.1 cm x 71cm） of flowers and fruit is painted in light bright colours on wood．It is one of the first pictures of this type in the Gallery．The picture is signed and dated 1777 and 1778．It is not unusual for a picture to be dated two years: the artist waited for particular flowers to come out in their different seasons in order to paint them．This picture was given to the Gallery by Miss Violet Churchman in memory of her sister Ida Nancy. It is now on show in Room 25.

The exhibition "Painting in Spain During the Late 18th Century" opened in the Sunley Room on 15 March．Recently the Gallery has bought works by three Spanish painters of this period―Paret, Melendez and Francisco Bayeu, who are the focus of the exhibition．These three artists are also joined by Francisco's brother Ramon, by Antonio Gonzalez and two Italians who worked in Spain during these years―Corrado Giaquinto and Giovanni Battista Tiepolo．The exhibition runs until 31 May.

Lectures will be given along with the special exhibition every Wednesday．On 8 April, Lizzie Barker will discuss the work of Melendez, while on 15 April, Sarah Symmons will lecture on Luis Patter．On 22 and 29 April, Juliet Wilson will talk about Francisco Bayeu．On 25 April, a Saturday, Erika Langmuir will explain how artists often "tell a story" through their pictures.

64．What does "still life" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．A painting of unmoving objects． B．A picture of a country scene.

C．A drawing done in pencil． D．A portrait shown in a public place.

65．How many artists' paintings are on show at the special exhibition?

A．Three． B．Five． C．Seven． D．Eight.

66．Which speaker will lecture on a general topic rather than on particular artists?

A．Juliet Wilson． B．Lizzie Barker.

C．Sarah Symmons． D．Erika Langmuir.

67．Where will this passage most probably be found?

A．In the booklet of a gallery． B．In a textbook.

C．In an academic journal． D．In a picture album.

Many visitors find the fast pace at which American people move very troubling．One's first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush．City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment.

At first, this may seem unfriendly to you．But drivers will rush you; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you; people will push past you as they walk along the street．You will miss smiles and conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home．Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly．Often, life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well.

Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to "push back", just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example．But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you．Many of them once came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be．If you need help or want to ask a question, choose a friendly-looking person and say, "I am a stranger here．Can you help me?"

Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger．Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find your way or answer your questions．But you must let them know that you need help．Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help.

68．Many people who first visit the United States will find that ______.

A．the country is developing very fast

B．American people always seem to be in a rush

C．the fast pace in American life often causes trouble

D．Americans are impatient and unreasonable people

69．"You will miss smiles" in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.

A．you will notice that Americans are pleasant people

B．you will think that Americans don't live a happy life

C．you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendly

D．you will find that Americans have little sense of humor

70．The last two paragraphs seem to suggest that ______.

A．life in New York is faster than that in any other city

B．people living outside big cities are lazy and slow

C．most American people enjoy living in big cities

D．the busy city people are not as unfriendly as they appear

71．The author mentions Tokyo, Singapore and Paris because ______.

A．they are different from American cities

B．they are among the world's biggest cities

C．city people worldwide have much in common

D．they are as well-known as New York City

E

Science journalists spend a great deal of time educating their editors about their fields, and by and large those efforts lead to better stories．But there's one place we hit a wall．No, it's not that the editors aren't smart enough to understand science．Actually, it's the opposite: they are too accustomed to being smart, and thus can't deal with the fact that they don't understand it.

I was discussing this problem recently with a colleague who had been beating his head against the wall for months trying to get a story about a mysterious "dark force" in cosmology （宇宙學） past editors at The New Yorker．"They kept saying they didn't understand it!" he complained．Well, of course they didn't understand it．Nobody understands it．That's what makes it so interesting.

In science, feeling confused is essential to progress．An unwillingness to feel lost, in fact, can stop creativity dead in its tracks．However, editors seem to absorb difficulty differently．If they don't understand something, they often think it can't be right ― or that it's not worth writing about．They are used to being the smartest guys in the room．They forget the fact that relativity （相對論） and quantum mechanics （量子力學） have been around for nearly a century, yet they remain confusing in some sense．They just don't make sense．On the other hand, why should they? The universe doesn't care what we can or cannot believe．It doesn't speak our language, so there's no reason it should "make sense".

So it's necessary to know not only what scientists know, but also what they know they don't know．This is an unfamiliar concept to editors who are used to dealing with politics or sports．For all these reasons and more, the best editors should understand all this．Sometimes you just need to dare to be stupid.

72．What idea does the author convey in this passage?

A．Editors need to have more knowledge of science.

B．Only scientists understand what science is all about.

C．Editors should admit that they don't understand science.

D．Science has been developing very rapidly.

73．What did the author's colleague complain about?

A．The readers didn't understand his theory.

B．The editors wouldn't publish his article.

C．Nobody is able to understand "dark force".

D．Cosmology is too mysterious a branch of science.

74．What does the author think of the theories of quantum mechanics?

A．It doesn't have to make sense.

B．It can't be right.

C．It's only understood by the smartest.

D．It's not worth writing about.

75．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A．Editors Must Dare to Be Stupid

B．Science Is Just Beyond Us

C．The Smartest Guys Are Among Us

D．Science Is Different from Politics

第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題，共35分）

第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié)：短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）

此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤.對標題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊的橫線上劃（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。

My mother was used to work in a toy factory. 76．_________________

She really enjoys her job．But two years ago, 77．_________________

with others laid-off workers, she had to leave the 78．_________________

factory, there she had worked for over twenty years. 79．_________________

In order to supporting the family, she had to look for 80．_________________

a new job and finally got one like a bus driver. 81．_________________

Every morning, my mother goes to work early and 82．_________________

returns home lately in the evening．She is very tired 83．_________________

after day's work．However, she doesn't care about it. 84．_________________

How I wish I could do something for him! 85．_________________

第二節(jié) 書面表達（共1題，滿分25分）

假定你叫李華，你的澳大利亞筆友 Peter 對暑假你市將舉行的漢語夏令營活動很感興趣，來信向你詢問有關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)以下提示給他寫一封回信:

1．時間: 7月20日――8月10日

2．對象：15至10歲外國學生;

3．活動內(nèi)容: 上漢語課，學習中國文化（武術(shù) martial arts、繪畫、烹調(diào)等），參觀游

覽;

4．報名方式: 登陸你市網(wǎng)站報名（sign up）。

注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右;

2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫;

3．開頭語己為你寫好。

Dear Peter,

It's great to hear from you.

Yours,

Li Hua

試題詳情

云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測

理科綜合

本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，考試結(jié)束，將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分300分，考試時間150分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共21題，共126分）

注意事項：

1．答第I卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考試科目涂寫在答題卡上。

2．每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，不能答在試題卷上。

以下數(shù)據(jù)可供解題時參考：

可能用到的相對原子質(zhì)量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 K 39 Mn 55 Fe 56

試題詳情

云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測

文科綜合

本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分300分�？荚嚂r間150分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共140分）

注意事項：

1．答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚。

2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。

本卷共35小題，每小題4分，共140分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一個最符合題目要求的。

1．若活動時間是當?shù)?0:30～21:30，下列四城市中最早和最晚熄燈的分別是　　（）

A．甲和丁 B．乙和甲 C．乙和丙 D．丙和丁　　

2．如果只考慮日照條件，則甲乙丙丁四地樓間距最近的是　　（）

A．甲 B．乙 C．丙 D．丁　　

3．若甲地白晝最長日的正午太陽高度為80⁰，則下列描述與甲地相符的是　　

A．地形以山地為主 B．該地所在國人種以黑種人為主　　

C．受西風漂流影響 D．農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型為大牧場放牧業(yè)　　

下表為某地有關(guān)氣象要素的多年統(tǒng)計情況。據(jù)此回答4―5題�！　�

　　氣象要素（單位）

1月

4月

7月

10月

月平均氣溫（℃）

10.8

14.2

20.7

18.6

降雨日數(shù)（日）

11.2

9.3

0.8

8.0

日平均日照時數(shù)（小時）

5.5

8.4

11.1

7.7

4．該地日平均日照時數(shù)年變化的主要影響因素是　　（）

A．晝夜長短和天氣 B．晝夜長短和自轉(zhuǎn)速度　　

C．正午太陽高度和自轉(zhuǎn)速度 D．正午太陽高度和氣候　　

5．該地的自然植被類型是　　（）

A．溫帶落葉闊葉林 B．熱帶草原

C．亞熱帶常綠硬葉林 D．亞熱帶常綠闊葉林　　

圖2為我國西南某地等高線圖。據(jù)此回答6―8題�！　�

6．影響圖中村莊分布的主要因素是　　（）

A．海拔高度 B．氣溫狀況 C．地形起伏 D．河流航運　　

7．若該地發(fā)生嚴重滑坡，在甲地附近形成堰塞湖。當水位升高20米時，可能被淹沒的村莊和水壩垮塌時受洪水威脅的村莊分別是（）

A．①和② B．②和③ C．①和④ D．④和③

8．下列有關(guān)該地的敘述，正確的是（）

A．河流運輸是該地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的支柱條件

B．植樹造林可減少當?shù)仫L沙危害

C．當?shù)刂鲗?dǎo)風向為西北風和東南風

D．因地制宜，發(fā)展立體農(nóng)業(yè)

9．下列關(guān)于甲、乙兩城的正確敘述是（）

A．甲城近幾十年來人口增長趨于零，老齡化嚴重

B． 2012年第30屆奧運會將在乙城舉辦

C．甲城城市化發(fā)展速度比乙城快

D．乙城早已出現(xiàn)逆城市化現(xiàn)象

10．下列關(guān)于人口遷移的正確敘述是（）

A．地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，世界人口主要向乙城所在大陸遷移

B．地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)之后，世界人口主要向甲城所在大陸遷移

C．從宏觀上看，經(jīng)濟布局的改變會造成大量人口遷移

D．近年，甲城“環(huán)境難民”呈不斷增加的趨勢

11．有關(guān)環(huán)境人口容量的正確敘述是（）

A．目前甲、乙兩城人口都已大大超過環(huán)境人口容量的極限值

B．石油資源是估計甲、乙兩城環(huán)境人口容量的唯一依據(jù)

C．甲城人口少，故其環(huán)境人口容量比乙城小

D．甲、乙兩城環(huán)境人口容量具有不確定性和相對確定性

12．中國古代歷法的主要作用是服務(wù)于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，下列最能體現(xiàn)此作用的歷法是（）

A．“太初歷” B．《大衍歷》 C．“十二氣歷” D．《授時歷》

13．下列有關(guān)中國漢字演變的歷史，符合史實的是（）

①它是世界上最古老的文字之一

②漢字形體演變的總趨勢是由繁到簡

③漢字按照甲骨文、金文、隸書、篆書、楷書的脈絡(luò)演變發(fā)展

④魏晉時期是隸書向楷書的過渡階段

A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①②③④

14．圖4是中國古代歷史上一個重要王朝的都城平面圖，此都城是（）

A．西漢長安

B．東漢洛陽

C．唐朝長安

D．唐朝洛陽

15．馬克思指出：“與外界隔絕曾是保存舊中國的首要條件”。

打破這一“隔絕”的歷史事件是（）

A．鴉片戰(zhàn)爭 B．太平天國運動

C．洋務(wù)運動 D．清末新政

16．1912年3月頒布的《中華民國臨時約法》規(guī)定：“中華民國之主權(quán)，屬于國民全體�！边@句話從根本上顛覆的觀念是（）

A．普天之下，莫非王土；率土之濱，莫非王臣

B．水能載舟，亦能覆舟

C．二十四史非史也，二十四姓之家譜也

D．天下之治亂，不在一姓之興亡，而在萬民之憂樂

17．茅盾的小說《林家鋪子》里有這樣的情節(jié)：一個商人十幾歲的女兒因為所穿的漂亮新衣服是用日本布料而不是中國布料所做，備受同學和老師的批評。該故事最有可能發(fā)生在

（）

A．1842年左右 B．1895年左右

C．1932年左右 D．1950年左右

18．國共歷史上兩次合作的相同點是（）

A．民族矛盾成為主要矛盾的歷史背景

B．有統(tǒng)一指揮的軍隊

C．合作的基礎(chǔ)相同

D．都是國內(nèi)外政治因素合力的結(jié)果

19．以下是中國歷史上一個重要時期中央人民廣播電臺的節(jié)目表，這個歷史時期是（）

4：00 合唱《東方紅》，預(yù)告節(jié)目

4：15 革命文藝

5：00 新聞

5：15 廣播體操

5：30 對人民公社社員廣播

6：00 學習馬列著作、毛主席著作節(jié)目

6：20 革命文藝

6：30 新聞和報紙摘要

7：00 革命文藝

7：30 簡明新聞

7：35 革命文藝

8：00 體育節(jié)目（日）

革命文藝（一、二、三、四、五、六）

8：15 革命文藝

8：30 新聞和報紙摘要

9：00 革命文藝

10：00 新聞

15：40 學習馬列著作、毛主席著作節(jié)目（二除外）

16：60 紅小兵節(jié)目（二除外）

16：20 紅衛(wèi)兵節(jié)目（二除外）

16：45 革命文藝（到17：00，二除外）

16：50 合唱《東方紅》，預(yù)選節(jié)目（二）

17：00 新聞

17：15 革命文藝

17：45 預(yù)告節(jié)目

18：00 國際時事

18：30 對工人廣播

19：00 人民解放軍節(jié)目

19：30 對人民公社社員廣播

20：00 各地人民廣播電臺聯(lián)播節(jié)目

20：30 革命文藝（其中一、六、日到23：00）

22：00 新聞（二、三、四、五）

22：30 革命文藝（二、三、四、五）

A．新中國建立初期 B．三大改造期間

C．全面建設(shè)社會主義時期 D．文化大革命時期

20．有學者認為，英國“光榮革命”的重要性不僅在于推翻了一個不得人心的老國王，更重要的是它樹立了一個愿意服從議會的新國王。這句話的意思是（）

A．革命前后國王的地位沒變，議會的地位發(fā)生了變化

B．革命后議會和國王共享國家大權(quán)，二者的地位是平等的

C．革命前后國王和議會互換了地位，議會掌握了實權(quán)

D．革命前后議會的地位沒有變化，仍然受國王控制

21．根據(jù)第一次工業(yè)革命擴展的時間，下列最能夠體現(xiàn)工業(yè)革命的成果被廣泛應(yīng)用到軍事領(lǐng)域的戰(zhàn)爭是（）

A．北美獨立戰(zhàn)爭 B．拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭

C．“無敵艦隊”之戰(zhàn) D．普法戰(zhàn)爭

22．“在世界各國和各個城市，在規(guī)定的同一天，勞動者都能向執(zhí)政當局提出要求：用法律限制工作日不得超過八小時……5月1日這一天就規(guī)定為國際示威游行日”。作出以上重要決定的國際組織是（）

A．第一國際 B．第二國際 C．共產(chǎn)國際 D．聯(lián)合國

A．美歐是世界貿(mào)易組織（WTO）的創(chuàng)辦國

B．世界貿(mào)易組織（WTO）促進了世界上所有國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

C．世界貿(mào)易組織（WTO）的游戲規(guī)則仍由美歐等發(fā)達國家主導(dǎo)

D．第三世界國家全力追趕美歐等國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展速度

24．美國投資家沃倫?巴菲特說：“我不想以最便宜的價格買最糟糕的家具，我要的是按合理的價格買最好的家具。”這說明（）

A．商品是價值和使用價值的統(tǒng)一體 B．價值是使用價值的物質(zhì)承擔者

C．價值是價格的貨幣表現(xiàn) D．使用價值決定價格

25．財政部、國家發(fā)改委決定自2009年1月1日起，在全國統(tǒng)一取消和停止征收100項行政事業(yè)性收費。這有利于（）

①直接減輕企業(yè)和社會負擔

②加強和改善政府行政管理，促進服務(wù)型政府的建立

③促進企業(yè)增加投資和居民消費

④充分發(fā)揮稅收籌集財政收入的主體功能

A．②③④ B．①③ C．①② D．①②③④

26．歐元對人民幣的匯率中間價由2009年3月24日的1歐元=9.337元浮動為2009年3月25日的1歐元=9.203元。由此可知（）

①人民幣匯率下降，單位人民幣可兌換更多的歐元

②外匯匯率下降，單位歐元可兌換更少的人民幣

③人民幣升值，有利于我國進口貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，增加對外投資

④歐元升值，有利于我國出口貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，吸引外商投資

A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④

2009年2月1日，《中共中央國務(wù)院關(guān)于2009年促進農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的若干意見》公布。據(jù)此回答27―28題。

27．2009年中央一號文件提出“保持糧食穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，千方百計保證國家糧食安全”。這說明

（）

A．農(nóng)業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的主導(dǎo) B．糧食是基礎(chǔ)的基礎(chǔ)

C．農(nóng)業(yè)增產(chǎn)就是農(nóng)民增收 D．農(nóng)業(yè)決定國家的現(xiàn)代化水平

28．中國共產(chǎn)黨之所以高度重視“糧食安全”問題是因為（）

A．政黨是執(zhí)掌國家政權(quán)的經(jīng)濟組織

B．中國共產(chǎn)黨具有參與經(jīng)濟監(jiān)督的職能

C．中國共產(chǎn)黨的基本執(zhí)政方式是科學執(zhí)政

D．中國共產(chǎn)黨代表最廣大人民的根本利益

A．質(zhì)變是量變的前提

B．量變也是一種發(fā)展

C．事物是運動變化的

D．事物發(fā)展的總趨勢是曲折的

30．對同一句格言，年輕人所理解的意義，往往沒有飽經(jīng)風霜的老年人所理解的廣泛和深刻。這一觀點從認識論上說明了（）

A．認識來源于經(jīng)驗

B．認識應(yīng)在實踐基礎(chǔ)上不斷深化、擴展和向前推移

C．實踐是認識的最終目的

D．老年人的認識在一切方面超過青年人的認識

31．溫家寶總理在達沃斯論壇上曾說：“在經(jīng)濟困難面前，信心比黃金和貨幣還要重要”溫總理在今年的政府工作報告中又八次提到“信心”。這啟示我們（）

A．要重視精神的作用，重視精神的力量

B．要全面看待問題，分清主流和支流

C．要重視意識對物質(zhì)的促進作用

D．只要發(fā)揮主觀能動性，一切困難都能戰(zhàn)勝

32．孟子說：“生于憂患，死于安樂�！毕铝姓f法與這一古訓包含相同哲理的是（）

①居安思危 ②畫龍點睛

③城門失火，殃及池魚 ④塞翁失馬，焉知非福

A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①④

33．1959年至2008年，中央財政向西藏的財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付累計達到2019多億元，使西藏經(jīng)濟社會實現(xiàn)突飛猛進的發(fā)展。這表明（）

①各民族共同繁榮是民族平等和團結(jié)的前提條件

②實現(xiàn)各民族共同繁榮是由社會主義本質(zhì)決定的

③加大對民族地區(qū)的扶持是推動民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的根本動力

④各民族在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟方面享有平等的權(quán)利

A．①② B．③④ C．②④ D．①③

34．全國人大常委會于2008年9月將《刑法修正案七》、《專利法》（修訂）、《保險》（修訂）等三部立法草案向社會全文公開，并征求意見。這種做法（）

①有利于公民行使監(jiān)督權(quán)

②有利于推動我國的社會主義民主政治建設(shè)

③說明我國人民直接行使國家權(quán)力

④表明我國的民主具有廣泛性和真實性

A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③

35．2009年3月19日，國家主席胡錦濤會見朝鮮內(nèi)閣總理金英日時強調(diào)：我們愿同朝方一道，繼續(xù)本著“繼承傳統(tǒng)、面向未來、睦鄰友好、加強合作”的精神，以兩國建交六十周年暨中朝友好年為契機，攜手共創(chuàng)中朝睦鄰友好合作關(guān)系更加美好的明天。這說明

（）

A．繼承傳統(tǒng)、面向未來是我國處理國際關(guān)系的基本原則

B．睦鄰友好是改善國家間關(guān)系的政治基礎(chǔ)

C．我國奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策

D．加強合作是當今時代的主題

第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題，共160分）

注意事項：

第Ⅱ卷共4大題，用黑色碳素筆將答案答在答題卡上。答在試卷上的答案無效。

（1）圖示地區(qū)的地勢特點是，判斷理由是。（6分）

（2）試分析M河段的水文特征及形成原因。（10分）

（3）A內(nèi)陸湖是世界上三大天然螺旋藻生長基地，簡析其周圍地區(qū)可能面臨的主要環(huán)境問題及其原因。（8分）

（4）分析制約圖示區(qū)域中部經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主要地理原因。（12分）

37．（32分）閱讀下列材料，回答問題：

材料一：我認為毛澤東所理解的資本主義或社會主義，很大程度上受到了“莫斯科共識”的影響。所謂“莫斯科共識”是指在1957年由12個社會主義國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人（也包括毛澤東）簽署的《莫斯科宣言》，其主要要點就是社會主義國家要實行計劃經(jīng)濟、國有化、農(nóng)村的集體化。

――胡鞍鋼《毛澤東對當代中國社會的影響》

材料二：1989年，西方經(jīng)濟學家給廣大發(fā)展中國家和蘇聯(lián)東歐國家開出經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的藥方，稱為“華盛頓共識”（所謂“共識”是指所有國家都必須遵循的經(jīng)濟規(guī)律），主要內(nèi)容包括全面私有化；采取激進的方式實現(xiàn)計劃經(jīng)濟體制向市場經(jīng)濟體制轉(zhuǎn)型；取消民族國家，全面融入全球化。

――張才國《新自由主義意識形態(tài)》

材料三：2004年，美國高盛公司資深顧問兼中國清華大學教授雷默總結(jié)中國改革開放的經(jīng)驗提出“北京共識”，內(nèi)容包括艱苦努力、主動創(chuàng)新、大膽試驗；堅決捍衛(wèi)國家的主權(quán)和利益；循序漸進、積聚能量。

一張才國《新自由主義意識形態(tài)》

材料四：“雖然雷默先生的‘北京共識’可能更容易吸引眼球，因為它與聲名遠揚的‘華盛頓共識’相對應(yīng)，但我并不贊同這一提法，我更喜歡用‘中國模式’的提法�！唵蔚卣f，‘中國模式’實質(zhì)上就是中國作為一個發(fā)展中國家在全球化背景下實現(xiàn)社會現(xiàn)代化的一種戰(zhàn)略選擇，它是中國在改革開放過程中逐漸發(fā)展起來的一整套應(yīng)對全球化挑戰(zhàn)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和治理模式�！�

――俞可平《“中國模式”：經(jīng)驗與鑒戒》

（1）根據(jù)材料一及所學知識說明在經(jīng)濟文明發(fā)展的歷程中，“莫斯科共識”留給人類的經(jīng)驗和教訓。（8分）

（2）根據(jù)材料二及所學知識，你如何從蘇聯(lián)解體、東歐巨變中認識“華盛頓共識”及其全球化?（6分）

（3）根據(jù)材料三并結(jié)合史實，分別說明1978年以后中國是如何“主動創(chuàng)新、大膽試驗”和“堅決捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)和利益”的?（8分）

（4）上述材料從“莫斯科共識”到中國模式的四種提法中，你認為哪種提法更能合理地解釋中國實現(xiàn)社會現(xiàn)代化的道路?為什么?（10分）

38．（32分）閱讀材料，回答下列問題：

注：2009年《政府工作報告》提出：類施積極的財政政策，大幅度增加政府支出．這是擴大內(nèi)需最主動、最直接、最有效的措施；賓施適度寬松的貨幣政策，發(fā)揮其在促進經(jīng)濟增長萬面的積韞作用。

材料二：保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展是2009年經(jīng)濟工作的首要任務(wù)，為完成這一任務(wù)，就要著力在保增長上下功夫，把擴大內(nèi)需作為保增長的根本途徑，通過增加居民收入、促進消費升級，形成消費與投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局。

（1）結(jié)合材料，運用所學經(jīng)濟常識，分析當前我國應(yīng)如何擴大內(nèi)需?（12分）

（2）結(jié)合材料二，試運用抓主要矛盾的原理，分析我國為什么要把擴大內(nèi)需作為保增長的根本途徑?（10分）

（3）結(jié)合材料一，從政府職能說明國家擴大內(nèi)需，促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快增長的理由。（10分）

39．（60分）新疆位于亞洲大陸腹地，是一個自然條件多樣、歷史悠久的特色地域。根據(jù)圖文材料回答問題。

材料一：兩漢時期西域的開發(fā)是直接與兩漢中央政府管理和實施的邊疆民族政策相關(guān)的。兩漢中央政府在西域設(shè)官置守，采取一系列穩(wěn)定西域局勢，保持各城郭國原有制度等羈縻、懷柔政策，有利于西域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。不僅如此，兩漢中央政府還采取了一些開發(fā)西域的直接措施，主要是屯田和雛護絲綢之路的暢通。

――周偉洲《漢時期新疆的經(jīng)濟開發(fā)》

（1）根據(jù)材料一和所學知識，分析兩漢時期開發(fā)西域的背景和歷史作用。（8分）

材料二：清朝政府依據(jù)“因地制宜”、‘因俗施治”的原則，對天山北部漢、回族居住區(qū)實行郡縣制管理；在伊犁地區(qū)和天山南部各地維吾爾族中維持當?shù)氐摹安酥啤�，但是伯克（突厥語音譯，地方官吏稱號）的任免權(quán)歸于中央，井嚴格實行政教分離；對蒙古族和哈密、吐魯番地區(qū)的維吾爾族則實行“扎薩克（蒙古語音譯，意為支配者）制”，即冊封王、貝子、公等世襲爵位。清朝政府在官員的任用方面還采取了以滿族為主、各族官員并用的政策：

――《新疆的歷史和發(fā)展（白皮書）》

（2）請用唐宋時期的三例史實說明中華民族“因地制宜”、“因俗施治”管轄統(tǒng)治區(qū)域的政治智慧。新中國成立后，這種政治智慧是怎樣體現(xiàn)在新疆地區(qū)的？（12分）

（3）填表比較圖8中新舊公路的選線差異。（12分）

公路線

分布特點

原因

舊公路

新公路

（4）從當?shù)刈匀粭l件的角度分析兩種水利工程是如何因地制宜發(fā)揮作用的？（8分）

材料五

1978年―2008年新疆國民生產(chǎn)總值情況（單位：億元）

年份

1978

1992

1999

2001

2002

2003

2006

2007

2008

國民生產(chǎn)總值

39

402

1169

1486

1598

1878

3045

3400

3808

（資抖來源：新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)人民政府辦公廳）

注：改革開放30年大事記：1978年十一屆三中全會拉開改革開放的序幕：1992年確立了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制改革的目標；1999年提出西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略；2001年中國正式成為世貿(mào)組織成員。

（5）材料五反映了什么經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象?（2分）結(jié)合材料，運用所學經(jīng)濟常識分析該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因。（8分）

材料六：新疆雛吾爾自治區(qū)成立以來，在黨中央、國務(wù)院的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，制定了一系列適合新疆實際情況的政策措施，新疆把中央的精神與新疆的區(qū)情實際結(jié)合起來，把外地的經(jīng)驗與新疆的具體實踐結(jié)合起來，大力發(fā)展特色經(jīng)濟。新疆各族人民自力更生、艱苦奮斗，實現(xiàn)了新疆經(jīng)濟社會的跨越式發(fā)展。

（6）結(jié)合材料六，簡述新疆實現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展所體現(xiàn)的哲學道理。（10分）

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