一字見義的成語40例
不少成語,之所以讓人難于理解甚至容易誤解它的意思,關鍵就在于其中的一個字。只要掌握了這個字的正確意思,整個成語的意思也就一清二楚了。例如:
1.“不名一錢”中的“名”義為“占有”,成語義為:一個錢也沒有。
2.“文不加點”中的“點”義為“涂改”,成語義為:形容寫文章很快,不用涂改就寫成。
3.“莫名其妙”中的“名”義為“說出”,成語義為:沒有人能說出它的奧妙。
4.“文過飾非”中的“文”義為“掩飾”,成語義為:掩飾過失、錯誤。
5.“愛莫能助”中的“愛”義為“同情”,成語義為:雖然同情但無力幫助。
6.“不刊之論”中的“刊”義為“修改”,成語義為:不能改動或不可磨滅的言論。
7.“高屋建瓴”中的“建”義為“傾倒”,成語義為:在高屋脊上往下倒瓶中的水,形容居高臨下、不可阻擋的形勢。
8.“久假不歸”中的“假”義為“借”,成語義為:長期借用而不歸還。
9.“屢試不爽”中的“爽”義為“差錯”,成語義為:多次試驗,都沒有差錯。
10.“不可理喻”中的“喻”義為“使明白”,成語義為:不能夠用道理使之明白。形容愚昧或態(tài)度蠻橫,不講道理。
11.“不足為訓”中的“訓”義為“準則、典范”,成語義為:不能當作典范或準則。
12.“不以為然”中的“然”義為“對”,成語義為:不認為是對的。
13.“不速之客”中的“速”義為“邀請”,成語義為:沒有邀請而自己來的客人。
14.“食不果腹”中的“果”義為“飽”,成語義為:吃不飽肚子,形容生活貧困。
15.“尾大不掉”中的“掉”義為“擺動”,成語義為:形容屬下勢力強大,不服從指揮調度。
16.“適逢其會”中的“會”義為“時機,機會”,成語義為:恰好碰上那個機會。
17.“別無長物”中的“長”義為“多余的”,成語義為:除此之外,再也沒有多余的物品。
18.“恃才傲物”中的“物”義為“自己以外的人,眾人”,成語義為:仗著自己有才能而瞧不起別人。
19.“自以為是”中的“是”義為“正確”,成語義為:認為自己是對的,形容主觀、不虛心。“自行其是|”的“是”也是“正確”。
20.“分庭抗禮”中的“抗”義為“對等”,成語義為:客人與主人分立在庭院兩側,以平等的地位相對行禮。
21.“細大不捐”中的“捐”義為“舍棄”,成語義為:小的大的都不舍棄,常指收羅的東西多,毫無遺漏。
22.“無出其右”中的“右”義為“上,古代以右為上位”,成語義為:在某方面居領先地位,沒有能超過他的。
23.“死有余辜”中的“辜”義為“罪惡”,成語義為:形容罪大惡極,即使處以死刑也不能抵償他的罪惡。
24.“文恬武嬉”中的“恬”義為“安逸”,成語義為:文武官員都貪圖安逸享受,不把國家大事放在心上。
25.“微言大義”中的“微”義為“精微”,成語義為:精微的語言和深奧的道理。
26.“一言以蔽之”中的“蔽”義為“概括”,成語義為:用一句話來概括。
27.“伐功矜能”中的“伐”義為“炫耀”,成語義為:炫耀自己的功勞,夸耀自己的才能。
28.“危言高論”中的“!绷x為“正直”,成語義為:正直而不同凡響的言論。
29.“毀家紓難”中的“紓”義為“解除”,成語義為:拿出全部家產以解救國難。
30.“相見恨晚”中的“恨”義為“遺憾”,成語義為:遺憾沒有早相見。
31.“離群索居”中的“索”義為“孤單”,成語義為:離開同伴一個人孤獨生活。
32.“心廣體胖”中的“胖”義為“安泰舒適”,成語義為:心胸開闊坦蕩,身體安泰舒適。
33.“一傅眾咻”中的“傅”義為“教導”,成語義為:一個人教而眾人吵鬧干擾。比喻由于不良環(huán)境影響,做事不能有所成就。
34.“含垢忍辱”中的“垢”義為“恥辱”,成語義為:忍受恥辱。
35.“繁文縟節(jié)”中的“文”義為“儀式”,成語義為:繁瑣的儀式和禮節(jié)。
35.“長治久安”中的“治”義為“太平”,成語義為:國家長期太平、安定。
36.“囤積居奇”中的“居”義為“儲藏”,成語義為:把貨物儲存起來,等待時機高價出售以牟取暴利。
37.“人浮于事”中的“浮”義為“多余”,成語義為:人員的數(shù)量多于工作所需,人多事少。
38.“學而不厭”中的“厭”義為“滿足”,成語義為:學習總感到不滿足,形容好學上進。
39.“無稽之談”中的“稽”義為“查考”,成語義為:沒有根據(jù)、無從查考的說法。
40.“否極泰來”中的“否”(讀Pǐ)義為“惡運”,成語義為:惡運到了盡頭,好運就來了。
山東省高唐縣第一中學(郵編:252800) 劉金山
試題詳情
2009年河北省中考仿真模擬(三)
英 語 試 卷
注意事項:1、本卷共8頁,總分120分,考試時間120分鐘。
2、答題前請將密封線左側的項目填寫清楚。
3、答案請用藍、黑色鋼筆或圓珠筆填寫。
題號
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
總分
得分
卷I(選擇題 共85分)
聽力部分(第一節(jié))
I. 聽句子,選出句子中所包含的信息。(共5小題,每小題1分,計5分)
( )1.
A. brought B.
bought
C. thought
( )2.
A. go skiing
B. go swimming C.
go fishing
( )3.
A.498540226
B.485940262
C.495804262
( )4.
A. My father is in good health.
B. My father doesn’t care about my health.
C. My father only cares about my health.
( )5.
A. Jim doesn’t play tennis so well as you. B. Jim plays tennis as well as
you.
C. Jim plays tennis much better than you.
II. 聽句子,選擇最佳答語。(共5小題,每小題1分,計5分)
( )6.
A. Non-smoking, please. B. Sorry, you can’t smoke here. C. No, thanks. I don’t
smoke.
( )7.
A. No, it’s not nice. B. Thank you. C.
It’s very expensive.
( )8.
A. Sorry, I don’t know. B. Certainly.
Good idea. C. Sure. No problem.
( )9.
A. Yes ,it’s a big trouble. B. I’m having a
bad cold. C. Not at all.
( )10. A. Stop
working and take a break. B. That’s true. C. I’m
sorry.
III. 聽對話和問題,選擇適當?shù)倪x項。(共5小題,每小題1分,計5分)
( )11.
How is the boy feeling now?
A. Thirsty. B.
Hungry. C.
Sleepy.
( )12.
What’s Uncle Green’s house like?
A. It’s big but old. B. It’s new and wonderful. C. It’s old with a big
garden.
( )13.
What does the boy mean?
A. The girl can borrow one from the teacher. B. Maybe
Lynn took it.
C. The teacher took it.
( )14.
What did the boy do last night?
A.
B.
C.
( )15.
Which picture is right?
A.
B.
C.
IV. 聽語段、對話和問題,選擇正確答案。(共10小題,每小題1分,計10分)
( )16.Where did the dialogue happen?
A. In a boat. B. In Tom’s home. C. In Sally’s home.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( )17. What subject is too difficult
for him?
A. Math. B. Science.
C. Chinese.
( )18. How old is his Chinese
teacher?
A. She is
forty. B.
She is about thirty. C. She is fifty.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( )19.Where is the man going?
A. The
Children’s Palace. B. The Children’s Center. C. A hospital.
( )20. What is the girl going to do
this Sunday afternoon?
A. To see
her mother’s nephew. B. To see
Mary’s nephew. C. To take care of
Tom.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( ) 21. Who gives the man the menu?
A.
The waiter.
B. The
waitress. C. The host.
( ) 22. What does the man have?
A. A
regular dinner. B. Some chicken
dishes. C. Only coffee.
( ) 23. Where can you find the regular
dinner in the menu?
A. On
the left-hand page. B. On the
right-hand page. C. On the first page.
( ) 24. What does the regular dinner
include?
A.
Soup and salad. B. Dessert, tea
or coffee. C. All of the above.
( ) 25. Which dish does the waitress
recommend (推薦)?
A.
The roast beef. B. The
salad.
C. The dessert.
筆試部分
V. 單項選擇 (共20小題,每小題1分,計20分)
( )26. Miss Wang is a friend
of______.
A.
Tom’s mother’s B. mother of
Tom C. Tom mother’s D. Tom mother
( )27. ―Do you like talking with
your friends on the telephone or mobile phone?
―______. I
like using QQ.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
( )28. ―How many people came to Beijing for the 2008
Olympic Games?
―Well, it’s hard to say. Er, ___ them, I think.
A. million of B.
ten millions
C. ten millions of D. millions of
( )29. The boy and the tree _____ he
is drawing makes a beautiful scenery(風景).
A.
who
B. whose
C. that
D. Which
( )30.―Would you like______?
―Thank you. But
I’m not thirsty.
A. any
dumplings B. some
bread C.
some egg D. some coffee
( )31. I have three pen friends. One
is ____, the other two are _____.
A.
Japanese, America
B. Russian, Germany
C.
Canada, Australia
D. English, Frenchmen
( )32. ―When did you come to China?
―_______ 1990.
A.
From B.
Since C. In D. To
( )33. We must thank him. _____ good
news he gave us!
A.
How a B.
How C. What
a D. What
( )34. ―May we play football in the
street?
―No, you
____. It’s dangerous.
A. can B.
mustn’t C. may D. needn’t
( )35. ―Will your younger brother go
for a picnic this weekend?
―If I
don’t go, ____.
A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will
he D. neither does he
( )36. The Chens ___ here for years.
A.
has lived B. have
lived C. lives D. is
living
( )37. Tim with his patents
_______the Great Wall if it______tomorrow.
A. is going to;
won’t rain B.
are going to; won’t rainy
C. are going to;
isn’t rainy D.
is going to; isn’t rainy
( )38. Lucy is often made ____for
twelve hours a day by the boss.
A. work B. to be working C. to work D. working
( )39. He is ______university
student and he comes from_____island in England.
A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an
( )40. _____he is, ______he
feels.
A. Busier; happier B.
The busier; the happier
C. The busy; the happy D.
Busiest; happiest
( )41. ―Do you know _____ I could
pass the exam?
―Sorry,
I’ve no idea.
A.
that B.
whether
C. what D. which
( )42. Our teacher said that light
______ much faster than sound.
A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. traveling
( )43. ―I’m taking my English test
tomorrow.
―_______.
A. Come on B. Congratulations C. Well done D. Good luck
( )44. Few of them hurt themselves
in the accident yesterday, ______?
A. don’t they B. didn’t they C. did they D. do they
( )45. She doesn’t know______.
A.
to take which step B.
which to take step
C. which step to take D.
which take step
VI. 完形填空 (共10小題,每小題1分,計10分)
Dear Dad,
Happy birthday to you!
On this special day I’d like to talk to you 46 a special way.
I don’t think I’m good at 47 you my thought face to face with you, so
I’m writing to show my deep love for you.
You’re not a rich man or a famous person. But in my heart, you are one
of the greatest 48 in the world. I’m 49 you.
You’re 50 interested in fame and wealth. You do 51
things like paying phone bills on time, and working as a worker in
your factory. The smile on your face shows you’re pleased with the family. You
take good care of my grandparents. You help me with my schoolwork and do some
shopping with Mom on Sundays.
In the past, I didn’t care 52 you were with me or not. Now I am sorry
to say I 53 you the respect before. But I am
thankful for what you have done for me.
I am quite lucky that I have 54 a great father. And I feel
happy that now I can let you
55 how much I
love you. You are successful as a son, a husband, a father, and a friend.
Wish you happy forever!
Yours,
Steven
( )46.
A. in B.
at C.
by D.
on
( )47.
A. talking B. telling C. speaking D. saying
( )48.
A. businessmen B. man C.
men D.
worker
( )49.
A. worried about B. proud of C. afraid of D. sorry for
( )50.
A. always B. ever C. already D. never
( )51.
A. ordinary B. interesting C. wonderful D. popular
( )52.
A. whether B. that C. what D.
where
( )53.
A. will show B. don’t show C. didn’t show D. have shown
( )54.
A. too B.
so C. very D. such
( )55.
A. to know B. know C.
knew D.
knowing
VII. 閱讀理解。 (共15小題,每小題2分,計30分)
閱讀A、B、C三篇材料,然后從各小題所給出的四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Many years ago when people had no thermometers, they usually touched
a thing to see how hot or cold it was. The following experiment shows how easy
it was to make a mistake.
Take three glasses: the first one with very hot water, the second
one with very cold water, and the third one with water at room temperature.
Then you put a finger of one hand in the hot water, and a finger of the other
hand in the cold water. You hold your fingers in the two glasses for a minute.
Then you use each finger, one after another, to see how hot or cold the water
in the third glass is. You will find that the water is warm to the finger that
was in the cold water before, but the finger which was in the hot water will
feel cold in the same glass of water.
That is why you must always find the temperature in a scientific
way. You must not try to tell the temperature as it seems to you.
You will often make a mistake if you
take something that seems to you for a real fact. For example, when you are
going to an amusement park by bus and you want to go there very quickly, it
seems to you that your bus is going very slowly, slower than the other buses.
But if it is Sunday and you have much free time, it seems to you all the buses
and cars are going very fast.
( )56.
The experiment tells us that it is______to make a mistake.
A. interesting B. difficult C. easy D. helpful
( )57. The water
in the third glass is_______.
A. colder
than the water in the first glass B. hotter than the water in
the first glass
C. colder than the water in the
second glass D. as cold as the water in the second glass
( )58. What will
you find if you put the finger which was in the first glass into the second
glass according to the passage?
A. The water is
hotter than it is in the first glass.
B. The water is at room temperature.
C. The water is
as hot as it is in the first glass.
D. The water is colder than it is in the first glass.
( )59.
How should we find the temperature according to the passage?
A. Try to tell as it seems to us.
B. Try to use our fingers.
C. Try to tell in a scientific way.
D. Try to touch something to see how hot
it is.
( )60.We
can learn something about ______from the passage.
A. physics B.
chemistry C. psychology
(心理學) D. biology(生物學)
B
2. VICTORIA'S BEST
SEAFOOD * Recommended (推薦) by The Age Epicure guide * Reported in the Herald-Sun SHOP HOURS: Monday ?Friday, 9am to
5.30pm; Saturday, 9am to 12 noon Specializing in Fresh Local Seafood! 11 Norfolk Plaza, Safeway Carpark
Ph: 03 5562 7653
3.
BEACHHEAD GALLERY 179 Fairy
Street, Warrnamboot. Ph: 03 5562 7300
www. Beachheadgallarey.com Unusual and interesting artwork incl
paintings, drawings, sculpture ( 雕像), ceramics (瓷器), photography and textiles (織物) designed and made by
local artists. Open: Monday to Saturday 10am to
5pm; Summer Holidays - Sunday noon to 4 pm. ( )61.
If you want to see paintings, you can go to________. A. PORT CAMPBELL SHOPPING B. VICTOR’S BEST SEAFOOD C. BEACHHEAD
GALLERY D. All of the above ( )62.
You can go to VICTOR’S BEST SEAFOOD _________. A. at 8 am on Monday B.
at 6 pm on Tuesday C. at l pm on Saturday D.
at 1 pm on Friday ( )63.
A man wants to get more information about BEACHHEAD GALLERY. He can ___.
A. visit www. portcampbellshopping.com.au B. visit www. beachheadgallery. com
C. call at 03 5598 6379
D. call at 03 5562 7653 ( )64.
If you go to BEACHHEAD GALLERY, you cannot see _______.
A. paintings B. sculpture C. ceramics D. space models ( )65.
Which is NOT true?
A. If you go to PORT CAMPBELL SHOPPING, you can find ATM in the store.
B. If you don’t have time to go to
PORT CAMPBELL SHOPPING, you can shop on-line.
C. VICTOR’S BEST SEAFOOD specializes in fresh local seafood.
D. Very few people go to BEACHHEAD GALLERY. C Life has changed for millions of young
people across the world who now make friends online. Whether you use chat
rooms, QQ, MSN or ICQ, you are a member of this group. “I don’t often talk with my
parents or grandparents, but I talk a lot with my old friends on QQ,” said Fox’s
Shadow, the online name used by a girl student in China. “Most of my classmates
use QQ after school.” QQ is the biggest messaging
service in China.
A record from Tencent, the company which develops QQ, shows that 4 million
people used it one Saturday night in October. And probably Fox’s Shadow
was one of them. “I log in (登錄) on Friday nights, and Saturday or Sunday when I feel everything
around me boring. I usually spend about 10 hours chatting online every week,”she
said. “But I never talk with strangers, especially boys or men.” Even though she
likes chatting, she is careful about making friends with strangers online. “You
don’t know who you are talking to. You should always be careful about whom you
believe online.” Many people would like to
meet off-line when they feel they have got to know someone very well. Fox’s
Shadow once met one of her online friends face to face. It was a girl who was a
football fan like herself and they went to a football match together. A 16-year-old Beijing boy named Simon
online dislikes QQ users. “I used to chat on QQ, but I found that most people
were talking about foolish things , ”he said. Now he chats online in English,
using MSN. “I want to learn more about foreign cultures.”But he spends little
time chatting on QQ as he sees it as a waste of time and money. “If you are really addicted
to it, sometimes you can’t give your mind to your lessons,” he said. “And
friends in your real life are always more important than those so called
friends you meet online.” ( )66. What does the underlined
word“addicted to” mean in Chinese? A. 上癮 B. 討厭 C. 放棄 D. 開始 ( )67. Fox's Shadow thinks QQ is
______. A. the
biggest messaging service in China B. a good
place to spend her time when she feels bored C. a safe place to chat with
strangers D. the
best place to make friends ( )68. People meet face to face
off-line when they think they_______. A. have
known each other well
B. have the same interest C. have
enough free time
D. have nothing to do ( )69. Simon only chats online in
English, using MSN because
. A. he
wants to make foreign friends B.
chatting on MSN is more interesting C. he
found all the people were talking about foolish things on QQ D. he wants to chat with his friends in foreign
countries and learn more about foreign cultures. ( )70. Which of the following
sentences is TRUE according to the passage? A. All the people on QQ are talking about
foolish things. B. Chatting online is a waste of time and
money. C. We should always be careful about boys
and men online. D. We should think more of our friends in
real life. 卷II (非選擇題,共35分) 聽力部分(第二節(jié)) VIII.聽短文填空(共5小題,每小題1分,計5分) Who do teenagers
think know them better? Many teenagers
think their (71) _____ know them
better than their parents do. What do brothers
and sisters easily do in large families? They usually
(72) _____ with each other. What’s the usual
way of communication when teenagers stay alone? The usual way is
to (73) _________ on the phone. Is it necessary
to have good friends? It is very
important for teenagers to have a (74) __________ of friends. What do parents
often try to do for their children? They often try
to (75) ________their children’s friends. 筆試部分 IX. 閱讀短文,然后按要求完成76-80小題。(每小題2分,共5小題,計10分) Jackie Chan(成龍) is one of the most famous
Chinese action stars now. However, he was not born rich and famous. In fact,
his childhood was not easy at all. Jackie Chan was born on April 7th,
1954. At that time, his parents were so poor that they thought about selling
him for about $1,500. Of course they didn’t. In
1961, his parents sent him to a Chinese opera school. At the age of seven,
Jackie began to learn Chinese opera dancing, singing, acrobatics(雜技) and kung fu. At the opera
school, Jackie Chan had to work hard,and he learned a lot there. Jackie still
uses this training in his films today. Jackie Chan uses a special
mixture(混合) of action and comedy in his
films. He first did it in Drunken Master(《醉拳》)in 1978.It was his first successful
film. People loved his action comedies. Today his fans around the world know
that they can trust(相信)Jackie to give them great films. 判斷正誤、英譯漢及回答問題。(76為判斷正誤;77為英譯漢;78-80為回答問題) 76. Jackie
Chan began to learn Chinese opera in 1954. (T or F) 77. Put the
underlined sentence (in paragraph 1)into Chinese. 78. How old was he when Jackie Chan began to learn kung
fu? 79. What
mixture does Jackie Chan use in his films? 80. Which is his first successful movie? X.詞語運用(共5小題,每小題1分,計5分) 根據(jù)下列句子的意思及漢語提示,寫出空缺處單詞、固定短語或固定搭配的正確形式。 81. Jiang Hao was
so ___________(粗心) that he made a lot of mistakes in the exam yesterday. 82. Jim never
__________(借) us his things. 83. The old man
noticed a little boy ______________(躺) beside the door at that time. 84. He
_____________________(樹立好榜樣) to us. 85. In Sichuan
earthquake many people ___________________(喪生). XI. 基礎寫作 (15分) A) 連詞成句(5分)(注意標點) 86. Mr. Green,
know, where, do, is, you
? 87. wrong, am,
seems, that, I, it .
88. children,
alone, never, small, leave, home, at
. 89. money, how,
you, need, much, do
? 90. you,the, turn,
can, computer, on ?
B) 書面表達 (10分) 下面描述的是2008年10月12日的一天(周四,晴天)你的一次經(jīng)歷,請根據(jù)其內容,用英語寫一篇80詞左右的日記。日記的開頭已經(jīng)給出。 注意:要點完整,語法正確,上下文連貫,符合邏輯。 提示:1. 下午放學后; 2. 爸爸出差,媽媽生病臥床; 3. 我照顧媽媽,送醫(yī)院,買藥,煮飯,洗衣服等等; 4.后來受父母表揚。 October, 15th, 2008, Thursday
Fine
試題詳情
2009年河北省中考仿真模擬(三) 理科綜合試卷 注意事項:1、本試卷共8頁,總分120分,考試時間120分鐘。
2、答題前請將密封線左側的項目填寫清楚。
3、答案須用藍色、黑色鋼筆或圓珠筆書寫。 題號 一 二 三 四 總分 得分 以下數(shù)據(jù)可供解題時參考: 相對原子質量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Ca-40 Fe-56 卷I(選擇題 共44分) 試題詳情
2009年河北省中考仿真模擬(三) 文科綜合試卷(開卷) 注意事項:1、本試卷共8頁,總分120分,考試時間120分鐘。
2、答題前請將密封線左側的項目填寫清楚。
3、答案須用藍色、黑色鋼筆或圓珠筆書寫。 題號 1-27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 總分 得分 卷Ⅰ(選擇題,共50分) 本卷共27題,1―4題每題1分,5―27題每題2分,共50分。在每題列出的四個選項中,只有一項是最符合題目要求的。 1.2008年12月11日,
成立50周年慶祝大會在南寧舉行。【 】 A.廣西壯族自治區(qū)
B.寧夏回族自治區(qū) C.西藏自治區(qū)
D.新疆維吾爾族自治區(qū) 2.2008年8月8日,第29屆北京奧運會召開。中國體育代表團取得了 枚金牌,獎牌總數(shù) 枚的優(yōu)異成績,名列奧運會金牌榜首位,創(chuàng)造了中國體育代表團參加奧運會以來的最好成績。【 】 A.51 100
B.36
110 C.23 72
D.19
47 3.2008年中華環(huán)保世紀行宣傳活動以“ ”為主題! 】 A.污染減排與環(huán)境友好型社會
B.節(jié)約資源,保護環(huán)境 C.人人參與,創(chuàng)建綠色家園
D.水――20億人生命之所系 4.中華環(huán)保世紀行宣傳活動開展的意義在于【 】 ①提高人們的環(huán)保意識 ②倡導綠色之風
③營造良好的環(huán)保氛圍 ④有利于提高國民素質 A.②③④
B.①③④
C.①②④
D.①②③④ 逐步解決農民工子女在輸入地免費接受義務教育問題。增加農村義務教育階段家庭經(jīng)濟困難寄宿生的生活補助。爭取三年內基本解決農村“普九”債務問題。完善國家助學制度,加大對中等職業(yè)學校和高等院校家庭經(jīng)濟困難學生的資助。使人人享有平等的受教育機會,不讓一個孩子因家庭經(jīng)濟困難而失學。 ――第十一屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議政府工作報告 5.政府工作報告關于農村教育的論述表明【 】 ①我國是人民當家作主的國家②國家采取措施維護教育的公平和正義③公民依法享有的受教育權有物質的保證和制度的保證④我國農村人口素質低 A.②③④
B.①③④
C.①②④
D.①②③ 6.國家大力發(fā)展教育特別是農村的教育這是【 】 ①全面建設小康社會的需要 ②社會主義現(xiàn)代化,實現(xiàn)教育是基礎 ③立足國情的重大舉措 ④提高國民素質,培養(yǎng)人才的需要 A.②③④
B.①②③④
C.①②④
D.①②③ 2008年,面對重大困難和嚴峻挑戰(zhàn),以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央團結帶領全國各族人民同心同德、頑強拼搏,全面奪取抗災救災斗爭的偉大勝利,成功舉辦北京奧運會、殘奧會,圓滿完成神舟七號載人航天飛行任務,中國特色社會主義事業(yè)取得了新的偉大成就。 據(jù)此回答7-8題。 7.中國特色社會主義事業(yè)取得了新的偉大成就,歸根到底在于堅持【 】 ①中國特色社會主義道路 ②中國特色社會主義理論的指導 ③改革開放 ④“一國兩制”的方針 A.②③④
B.①③④
C.①②
D.①②③ 8.2008年,面對重大困難和嚴峻挑戰(zhàn),我們不斷地取得勝利,這充分體現(xiàn)了偉大的民族精神,這包括【 】 ①萬眾一心、同心同德 ②愛國主義 ③勤勞勇敢 ④自強不息 A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.①②③④ 9.2008年,中國國內經(jīng)歷嚴峻的自然災害的考驗。盡管這樣,我國政府仍積極參加聯(lián)合國的維和行動,為遭遇自然災害的緬甸提供緊急援助,在各種國際會議上全面闡述自己建立和諧世界的立場和主張……這一切表明【 】 ①中國已經(jīng)躋身世界強國的行列
②中國在國際舞臺上發(fā)揮著重要的作用 ③中國積極樹立和平、合作、負責任的國際形象④中國已成為維護世界和平與穩(wěn)定的重要力量 A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①②④
D.①③④ 10.溫家寶總理在第六十三屆聯(lián)合國大會一般性辯論上的發(fā)言中指出,中國將繼續(xù)堅持改革開放 ,堅持和平發(fā)展。為此,我們應該【 】 A.樹立全球觀念,加強各國間的交流與合作 B.對內改革,完善各項制度 C.與大國結盟
D.堅持自力更生 11.近日法國佳士得拍賣圓明園的珍貴文物獸首,引起了中國人民的極大抗議。這批文物流失海外的原因是 【 】 A.鴉片戰(zhàn)爭中被清政府出賣給外國侵略者 B.第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭中被侵略者武力掠走 C.八國聯(lián)軍侵華時期被贈予外國侵略者 D.日本侵華戰(zhàn)爭時期被日本人搶走 12.比較歸納是歷史學習的方法之一,辛亥革命和新文化運動的共同之處是 … 【 】 A.都否定君主專制
B.都追求資產階級民主 C.都促進了思想解放
D.都主張推翻清政府 13.臺兒莊戰(zhàn)役、百團大戰(zhàn)是抗戰(zhàn)時期中國軍隊作戰(zhàn)英勇頑強、不怕犧牲的典型體現(xiàn)。下列有關敘述不正確的是【 】 A.都發(fā)生在二戰(zhàn)全面爆發(fā)后
B.都鼓舞了中國人民抗戰(zhàn)勝利的信心 C.臺兒莊戰(zhàn)役是李宗仁指揮的 D.百團大戰(zhàn)是中國軍隊主動出擊的最大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)役 14.中國共產黨是代表最廣大人民群眾利益的政黨。下列史實能證明這一結論的有【 】 ①國共合作領導國民革命基本推翻北洋軍閥統(tǒng)治 ②國共合作領導全民族抗戰(zhàn)勝利 ③領導解放戰(zhàn)爭勝利,推翻蔣介石國民政府 ④響應蔣介石的倡議,參加重慶談判 A.①②③④ B.②③④
C.①③④ D.①②④ 15. 下列起到促進思想啟蒙作用的是【 】 A.瓦特改進蒸汽機
B.列寧實行新經(jīng)濟政策 C.林肯頒布《解放黑人奴隸宣言》
D.達爾文《進化論》出版 16.17―18世紀確立資本主義社會基本法律框架的文獻有【 】 ①《權利法案》 ②《人權宣言》 ③《拿破侖法典》 ④《解放黑人奴隸宣言》 A.②④
B. ①②
C. ②③ D.①③ 17.下列史實中不帶有大國強權政治色彩的事件是 【 】 A.《九國公約》的簽訂
B.《聯(lián)合國家宣言》的發(fā)表 C.《慕尼黑協(xié)定》的簽訂
D.雅爾塔會議的召開 18.下列有關二戰(zhàn)后資本主義國家發(fā)展變化的敘述不正確的是【 】 A.歐洲國家逐步走向聯(lián)合
B.日本重新崛起開始謀求政治大國地位 C.美國成為超級大國
D.德國走上法西斯道路 19.目前人類發(fā)展面臨的嚴重問題有 【 】 ①巴以等地區(qū)沖突此起彼伏 ②人口急速增長引發(fā)糧食危機 ③工業(yè)化加劇環(huán)境污染 ④航天技術提高引發(fā)宇宙爭奪 A.①②③
B.①③
C.②③④
D.①④ 改革開放30年的歷史經(jīng)驗歸結到一點,就是把馬克思主義基本原理同中國具體實際相結合,走自己的路,建設中國特色社會主義。據(jù)此回答20-21題。 20.下列能體現(xiàn)這一結論的史實是【 】 ①辛亥革命 ②井岡山革命根據(jù)地 ③民族區(qū)域自治④“一國兩制”偉大構想 A.①②③④ B.②③④ C.①③④
D.①②③ 21.中國在20世紀80年代特別是2000年之后,經(jīng)濟進入了高速發(fā)展時期,其發(fā)展的原因是【 】 ①穩(wěn)定的國內環(huán)境 ②進行了改革開放
③參加了政治經(jīng)濟一體化組織 ④引進最新技術和自主創(chuàng)新 ⑤建立了統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式 ⑥進行了生產資料的社會主義改造 A.④⑤⑥
B.①②④ C.②③④⑤
D.①③④⑤⑥ 今年是中國人民政治協(xié)商會議成立60周年。據(jù)此回答22―23題。 22.第一屆政協(xié)會議頒布的新中國施政方針是【 】 A.《中華人民共和國憲法》
B.《中國人民政治協(xié)商會議共同綱領》 C.《中華人民共和國中央人民政府公告》 D.《雙十協(xié)定》 23.下列能夠體現(xiàn)擴大人民民主,保證人民當家作主的有【 】 ①我國實行人民代表大會制度
②抵制網(wǎng)絡低俗文化 ③實行立法聽證會制度 ④村民自治制度 A.②③④ B.①②④
C.②③
D.①③④ 改革開放30年,在經(jīng)濟體制改革方面取得了重大成就。據(jù)此回答24―25題。 24.在社會主義建設的新時期,中國共產黨解決“農村、農業(yè)、農民”問題的典型措施是【 】 A.頒布《中華人民共和國土地改革法》,維護農民利益 B.實行對個體農業(yè)的改造,建立農村集體經(jīng)濟 C.沒收地主土地,分給無地或少地的農民使用 D.推行家庭聯(lián)產承包責任制 25.新時期我國國有企業(yè)改革的目標是【 】 A.公有制占主導地位
B.建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制 C.現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度
D.進行公司制股份制改造 今年的“兩會”關注的一個熱點問題是民生問題。據(jù)此回答26―27題。 26.改革開放以來,國家采取的相關措施有【 】 ①建立城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險制度
②建立人民代表大會制度 ③普及九年義務教育 ④實行勞動者自主擇業(yè)、市場調節(jié)和政府促進就業(yè)的就業(yè)方針 ⑤建立和完善社會統(tǒng)籌和個人賬戶相結合的養(yǎng)老保險模式 A.①③④⑤ B.①②④ C.①②④⑤ D.③④⑤ 27.中央經(jīng)濟工作會議提出著力保障和改善民生【 】 ①有利于解決社會主義初級階段的主要矛盾 ②有利于實現(xiàn)共同富裕 ③解決了社會生活中的全部矛盾
④符合初級階段基本國情 A.①②③
B.①②④ C.①③④
D.②③④ 卷Ⅱ(非選擇題,共70分) 28.閱讀材料,簡要回答問題。(7分) 北京奧運會期間,各比賽場館每天產生的生活垃圾多達上百噸,一批由垃圾分揀志愿者組成的隊伍,每天在忙碌地分揀、回收場館垃圾。他們用最累最臟的工作,換來了奧運場館的潔凈。一名大學生志愿者告訴記者,垃圾分揀雖然最臟最累,但不能小視!皝砜磰W運的外國友人,衡量北京的環(huán)境衛(wèi)生其實最看重兩樣,一是公共衛(wèi)生間,另一個就是垃圾處置。如何回收和處理這些垃圾,直接反映了‘綠色奧運’的理念。” (1)“垃圾分揀雖然最臟最累,但不能小視!边@句話你是怎么認識的?(4分) (2)怎樣向這些奧運志愿者學習?(3分) 29.閱讀材料,回答下列問題。(10分) 材料一:2009年3月5日上午9時,國務院總理溫家寶作政府工作報告,報告談及了教師待遇、義務教育免費、教育公平和校舍安全等備受關注的熱點問題。報告指出,國家財政撥款120億提高教師待遇,在城鄉(xiāng)實施免費教科書,投資32.5億元用于中小學取暖,逐步解決農民工子女在輸入地免費接受義務教育問題。最終使人人享有平等的受教育機會,不讓一個孩子因家庭經(jīng)濟困難而失學。 材料二:2009年的政府工作報告有六個方面講到就業(yè),特別是對于大學生就業(yè)報告給予了高度的關注。把大學生就業(yè)放在突出的位置,是很少見的,而且每一條都講得那么仔細,那么具體。明確規(guī)定大學生到基層就業(yè)有社保和崗位補貼。 (1)上述材料共同說明了什么問題?(4分) (2)請你談談國家為什么要高度關注就業(yè)問題。(6分) 30.探究與實踐。(12分) 2009年2月13日,“神舟七號”返回艙、航天服等國寶級展品全國巡展在石家莊站與廣大市民見面。某校初三年級學生在老師的帶領下有幸目睹了“神七”的風采,觀看完畢后,大家圍繞以下幾個問題紛紛發(fā)表了自己的感想。請你根據(jù)所學完成下列項目。 【主題探究】請你為該展覽設計一個展覽主題。(2分) 【我思我想】請你談談在全國巡回展出“神七”相關物品,讓大家目睹“神七”風采這一活動的重大意義。(6分) 【出謀劃策】“神七”成功發(fā)射國人振奮,廣大的科研人員發(fā)揚忘我的精神積極努力,為我國航天事業(yè)做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。作為中學生我們應該怎樣向他們學習?(4分) 31.閱讀圖文,回答問題。(6分) 材料一: 材料二:胡錦濤和布什相互祝賀中美建交30年來兩國關系發(fā)展取得的成果,并預祝中美建交30周年紀念活動取得成功。胡錦濤贊同布什對中美關系的積極評價,并表示贊賞布什為發(fā)展中美建設性合作關系作出的努力。胡錦濤強調,在新的歷史時期,中美雙方通過共同努力,一定能夠牢牢把握兩國建設性合作關系的大方向,推動中美關系健康穩(wěn)定、全面深入向前發(fā)展。 ――2009年1月4日晚,國家主席胡錦濤應約同美國總統(tǒng)布什通電話 請回答: (1)尼克松是中美交往史上第幾個訪問中國的美國總統(tǒng)?有何重大歷史意義?(2分) (2)“中美建交30年”走過“風風雨雨”,試舉一例進行說明。(1分)隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的發(fā)展,中美兩國都加入了一些國際和區(qū)域性經(jīng)濟組織,試舉兩例說明。(2分)你認為兩國如何為發(fā)展中美建設性合作關系而努力。(1分) 32.閱讀材料,回答問題。(12分) 材料一: 安?尼克松?庫珀已經(jīng)106歲高齡了。她剛剛在亞特蘭大城投了選票。她的父母是出生在黑人奴隸制剛剛廢除后的那一代,……20世紀30年代初,當饑餓來到,衰退發(fā)生時,她看到了這個國家是如何戰(zhàn)勝恐懼的。她親眼見證了一代的崛起和民主得以挽救……因為在美國生活了106個年頭,經(jīng)歷了最難的歲月與最好的時光,所以她知道美國一定能改變。是的,我們行! ――美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬競選演說 材料二: 20世紀八十年代,蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟形勢惡化,市場供求關系嚴重失調,財政赤字和通貨膨脹失控,人民生活水平下降,蘇聯(lián)社會陷入全面危機。 材料三:我們正在經(jīng)歷的這場國際金融危機,使世界經(jīng)濟陷入上世紀大蕭條以來最困難的境地。各國和國際社會紛紛采取積極應對措施,對提振信心、緩解危機、防止金融體系崩潰和世界經(jīng)濟深度衰退起到了重要作用!瓏蓝K將過去,春天就要來臨。讓我們堅定信心,加強合作,共同推動世界經(jīng)濟新一輪增長。 ――溫家寶總理在世界經(jīng)濟論壇年會講話 (1)材料一中提到的“饑餓”、“衰退”指什么事件?當時美國是如何“戰(zhàn)勝恐懼、挽救民主”的?(4分) (2)材料二中所說的“全面危機”對蘇聯(lián)和世界產生了什么重大影響?(4分) (3)舉出一項改革開放以來政府在推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方面的重要舉措。(2分) (4)結合上述材料和溫總理的講話,你認為應如何應對當前的金融危機?(2分) 33.閱讀材料,回答問題。(9分) 材料一:黨的十一屆三中全會是在黨和國家面臨向何處去的重大歷史關頭召開的。1976年10月粉碎“四人幫”之后,廣大干部群眾強烈要求糾正“文化大革命”的錯誤,徹底扭轉十年內亂造成的嚴重局勢,使黨和國家從危難中重新奮起。但是,這一順應時勢的愿望遇到嚴重阻礙,黨和國家工作在前進中出現(xiàn)徘徊局面。 …… 黨的十一屆三中全會標志著我們黨重新確立了馬克思主義的思想路線、政治路線、組織路線,標志著中國共產黨人在新的時代條件下的偉大覺醒,顯示了我們黨順應時代潮流和人民愿望、勇敢開辟建設社會主義新路的堅強決心。 ――胡錦濤在紀念十一屆三中全會召開三十周年大會上的講話 材料二:2008年,對中國人民來說,是十分重要的一年。我們將隆重紀念改革開放30周年。1978年開始的改革開放,是決定當代中國命運的關鍵抉擇,使社會主義中國的面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。 ――摘自胡錦濤《共同推進人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)》(新年賀詞) 請完成以下任務: 解讀材料: (1)導致材料一中“黨和國家的工作在前進中出現(xiàn)徘徊局面”所指的主要史實是什么?(1分)材料二中“2008年,對中國人民來說,是十分重要的一年”,這一年里中國迎來的兩件盛事是什么?(2分) (2)材料一中“黨的十一屆三中全會標志著我們黨重新確立了馬克思主義的思想路線、政治路線、組織路線”請你列舉十一屆三中全會重新確立的馬克思主義的思想路線、政治路線和組織路線的基本內容。(3分) 歷史探究: (3)黨和人民隆重紀念十一屆三中全會的原因是什么?(2分)這次會議的召開給我們哪些啟示?(1分) 34.閱讀材料,回答下列問題。(14分) 材料一:臺灣是祖國不可分割的一部分。國家統(tǒng)一歷來是兩岸人民的共同愿望和歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢。 材料二:2008年11月4日,大陸海協(xié)會會長陳云林與臺灣海基會董事長江丙坤在臺北就兩岸海運、空運、郵政、食品安全等議題簽署四項協(xié)議。上述四項議題的解決,將使兩岸同胞渴望了30年之久的兩岸直接通航、通郵變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。 閱讀上述材料,回答下列問題: (1)追溯往事,海協(xié)會與;鶗1992年會談中達成的共識是什么?你認為當前阻礙臺灣與大陸統(tǒng)一的主要因素有哪些?結合當前海峽兩岸的形勢,簡要談談發(fā)展兩岸關系有什么現(xiàn)實意義。(6分) (2)兩岸“三通”的實現(xiàn)必須堅持的前提是什么?兩岸“三通”的基本實現(xiàn)對于國家的統(tǒng)一有何重大的現(xiàn)實意義?(6分) (3)面對兩岸發(fā)展的大好形勢,我們中學生應該做哪些力所能及的事情?(2分) 試題詳情
2009年河北省中考仿真模擬(三) 數(shù) 學 試 卷 注意事項:1、本卷共8頁,總分120分,考試時間120分鐘。
2、答題前請將密封線左側的項目填寫清楚。
3、答案請用藍、黑色鋼筆或圓珠筆填寫。 題號 一 二 三 總分 得分 卷Ⅰ(選擇題,共20分) 試題詳情
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