現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專題講座:

一、基本結(jié)構(gòu):have (has) + done

二、基本概念:

1.     過(guò)去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作 或者存在的某個(gè)狀態(tài),對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或者結(jié)果;(這里的動(dòng)詞需要用結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞)

        

 He ______ (die).

          The war _______ (break) out.

2.     過(guò)去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作或存在的某個(gè)狀態(tài),一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或者結(jié)果。(這里的動(dòng)詞需要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)

          He ______ (be) a teacher for ten years.

          He _______ (be) a teacher since ten years ago.

          We _______ (work) at this school for 3 years.

三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的判斷:

 1、句子中沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間。

      He _____ (die) last year

      He _____ (die) next week.

      He _____ (die) now.

      He _____ (die)

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2、句子中有一些特征詞。

     Already  ever  never  just  yet  since….  For…..

     He _____already _____ (see) the film.

     I _______ never ______ (learn)English .

     _______ you ______ (finish) your homework yet?

     The meeting ______ (begin) for two hours.

    動(dòng)詞按其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過(guò)程的長(zhǎng)短可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

    一.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。

    表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)有:for+一段時(shí)間,for 2 years; since從句,since he came here; since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。

    例:He has lived here for 6 years.  You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.  How long did you stay there last year?

    二.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也稱終止性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作,這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)連用,如:two years ago; at 5 o'clock;

例:He died 5 years ago.

    否定的終止性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.

三.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,   begin/start --- be on,   die --- be dead,  finish --- be over,  join --- be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu), be a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu),  open sth --- keep sth open,  fall ill ---  be ill,  get up---be up,   catch a cold --- have a cold,  come here --- be here, go there --- be there,   become --- be,   come back --- be back,  fall asleep --- be asleep,  get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),  leave --- be away from,  get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out,  put on→ wear;catch a cold →have a cold等。   例:The old man died 4 years ago.  ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.    ---- It is 4 years since the old man died.  ----Four years has passed since the old man died.       He joined the Party 2 years ago.   -----He has been in the Party for 2 years.      I bought the book 5 days ago.  ---- I have had the book for 5 days.

補(bǔ)充練習(xí):

試題詳情

四、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換

1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.

A. has left    B. had left   C. has been away     D. had been away

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2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.  

A. joined    B. have joined   C. have been in

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The factory ________ since the February of 1988.  

A . has been open  B. has opened   C. was open   D. opened

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Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.  

A. have made  B. have been  C. made    D. have become

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5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.    

A. be away   B. leave   C. be left

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6.The meeting  _______ for a week now. 

A. has finished   B. has ended  C. has been over

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7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. 

A. has been in  B. has come to  C. has taught

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8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . 

A. has been  B. has become  C. was    D. became

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9. I ______ home for a week.   

A. have returned   B. have been back   C. returned

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10. How long _______ he ________ ? 

A. died    B. has, died   C. has, been dead

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11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.

A. slept    B. was sleeping   C. has sleep   D. had slept

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12.He ________ the car for a week.  

A. bought    B. has bought   C. has had 

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13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. 

A. did fall   B. have, fell  C. have, been

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14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown. 

A. has left   B. has moved away   C. has been away from

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15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. 

A. borrow   B. keep   C. take

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16.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far.  

A. has stopped   B. stopped   C. has been

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17.Are you _____ the jacket these days?    

A. wearing    B. putting on  C. dressing   D. on

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18.He ________ foe 2 hours. 

A. got up   B.  has got up    C. has been up

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19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days.

A. is      B. catches   C. has caught    D. has had

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20.----- How long can I ______ the book?    ------ Two weeks.

A. borrow    B. lend   C. get    D. keep

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四.實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí):

1. I have ever been to macau. (變否定句)

I ___ ____ been to Macau before.

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2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill     (就劃線部分提問(wèn))

____ _____ he come to school?

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3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))

____ ___ ____ ____ learned English ?

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4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改寫)

I ____ just ____ a new bike.

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5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句)

We ____ ____English ____three years

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四、 用for 或since填空

1. Jill has been in Ireland     Monday.

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2. Jill has been in Ireland     three days.

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3. My aunt has lived in Australia     15 days.

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4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there7 o'clock.

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5. India has been an independent country    1974.

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6. The bus is late.We've been waiting   20 minutes.

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7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty many years.

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8. Mike has been ill    a long time. He has been in    hospital  October

A.用 already或 yet

1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______?

No, not ___________.

2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________

3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________.

B.用 since或 for

1) We have learned five lessons _____he beginning of    this term.

2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______last week.

3) I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.

C. 用have gone或 have been

1) Where are the boy students ?They _____to the school factory.

2) Is your father in?No, he ____to Shenzhen._______ he ever______there before?Yes, he ___there several times

3) He asked me if I ____to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _____never ______ to that city before.

試題詳情

1.       寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 , 過(guò)去分詞 .

am________  _________   come ________ _________   go_________ _______

do _________ __________   ask  ________ _________   speak________ __________

cut _________ __________   sit  _________ _________   spend________ _________

get _________ ___________  draw_________ __________ 

write _________ ________

see_________ ___________   say _________ __________ 

keep _________ ________

eat _________ ___________   buy _________ __________ 

hear _________ ________

 

put _________ ___________   fall _________ __________ 

give ­_________ _________

read_________ ___________   stop_________ __________  hurry_________ ________

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2.       選擇正確答案

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(   ) 1.His grandfather _____for over two years.

A. has dead     B. has been dead    C. has died        D. died

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(   ) 2._____ you __ your  homework ,Bob ?      Yes , I have .

A. Did : finish   B. Will , finish     C. Have ; finished   D. Do , finish

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(    ) 3.----How do you like Hangzhou , Miss Read ?  ----Sorry , I ______there .

A. have gone     B. have been       C. haven’t gone     D. haven’t  been

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(    ) 4.----How many times _______to Shanghai since the summer of 2000 ?

----Twice .

A .did you go   B. have you gone     C. have you been   D. will you go

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(   ) 5.----Have you ever been to Canada ?-----Yes, I ___there last year with my parents.

 

   A. have been   B. have gone     C. went      D. go 

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(   ) 6.----Have you ever ____Wunzhen Island

-----No, never . But I’m going to Wunzhen Island this summer .

A. been in       B. gone in      C. been to      D. gone to

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(   ) 7.----Where ____ jack ____?     ------To the market. He bought some fruit.

A. does; go     B. has; gone     C. is; going     D. has; been

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(   ) 8. ----Excuse me. Look at the sign over there. It says “ No smoking .”   ----Sorry. I ______that .

試題詳情

A. haven’t seen   B. hadn’t seen   C. didn’t see     D. don’t see  (    ) 9.Great changes _____place , many schools _____.

A. have  taken ; have been opened        B. take ; are open

C. have been taken ; are opened          D. are taken ; open

(   ) 10 .My dictionary ____ . I have looked for it everywhere but still ____it .

A. has lost ; haven’t found               B. has lost ; didn’t find

C. is missing ; haven’t found             D. is lost ; didn’t find

(   ) 11 .Our teacher didn’t know how log the Greens _____ China .

A. have come to    B. had been in   

C. had gone to   D. had been to

 

試題詳情

(   ) 12. Fang Li has ___ her mind ___her job .

A. maked with ; quit                   B. make up ; to quit 

C. made up ; to quit                   D. maked with ; quiting

(   ) 13 . Unlike tennis , some sports, such as golf and rugby ,have been tried in the Olympic but ______

A. have returned    B. have never returned 

C. didn’t return  D. returned 

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(   ) 14. ---Have you __the film “ Pearl Harbor” ?    ---Yes, I __ it last month.

A. seen ; seen    B. seen ; saw    C. saw ; seen    D. seen ; had

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(   ) 15.---Have you been to the Dinosaur World , Susan ?

----Yes , I _____it last week .

A. have visited     B. had visited      C. visit    D. visited

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(   ) 16. ---John ,you ___the computer game for two hours . It’s bad for your eyes .

----Ok . Mum .

A. played     B. have  played    C.were playing    D. play

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(   ) 17. His grandfather _____for over two years .

A. has died       B. has been dead     C. has dead  D. died

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(   ) 18. The film has ____an hour.

A. stopped for  B. finished for 

C. have over for  D. finished since

 

II. 單詞拼寫.

!.  Mr Johnson has taught English here for 3 years ____________( 自從 ) he came to China .

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2.  Tom’s uncle has _________( 居住 ) in the country all his life .

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3.       He’s just __________( 寫 ) a letter to his parents .

試題詳情

4.       How long have you _________ (借 ) this book ?

六 選擇填空

試題詳情

1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.

A. had made…h(huán)ave tried    B. made…h(huán)ave tried

C. has made…tried         D. made…tried

2 “He ____to draw horses already”.When _____ he ?”

“ Last year “

A. learned…h(huán)as         B. learned…did

C. has learned…h(huán)as     D. has learned…did

試題詳情

3.____you ____the text yet?Yes,we____it two hours ago.

A. Did…copy…did      B. Have…copied…h(huán)ave

C. Have…copied…did   D. Did …copy…h(huán)ad

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4. “Why ______ she ______angry ?”“Because he _____at her just now .”

A. did…get…shouted     B. has…got…shouted

C. did…get…h(huán)as shouted  D. has…got…h(huán)as shouted

試題詳情

5. ____you _____the film before?Where_____you ____it?

A. Have …seen…did…see B. Did …see…did…watch

C. Have…seen…h(huán)ave…seen D. Did …see…h(huán)ave…seen

試題詳情

6.You ____me waiting for two hours. I____for you since five.

A. kept…waited       B. have kept…waited

C. kept…h(huán)ave waited  D. have kept…h(huán)ave waited

試題詳情

7.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He ______there for an hour.

A. has…been…h(huán)as gone  B. has…gone…h(huán)as been

C. did…go…went        D. did…be…went

試題詳情

8. I ______the way.I______here for quite many years.

A. knew…h(huán)ave lived      B. knew…live

C. know…h(huán)ave lived      D. know…live

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9. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.

A. Have…gone to         B. Have…gone in

C. Have…been to         D. Have …been in

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10. My brother ____college for over three years.

A. has gone to           B. has been to

C. has been in           D. has been at

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