Question

When former American President Bill Clinton traveled to South Korea to visit President Kim Young Sam, he repeatedly referred to the Korean president’s wife as Mrs. Kim. By mistake, President Clinton’s advisers thought that Koreans have the same naming customs as the Japanese. Clinton had not been told that, in Korea, wives keep their family names. President Kim Young Sam’s wife was named Sohm Myong Suk. Therefore, she should be addressed (稱謂) as Mrs. Sohm.

President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears. His failure to follow Korean customs gave the impression that Korea was not as important to him as Japan.

In addition to Koreans some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents. They become puzzled about the student’s correct last name. Placing the family name first is common among a number of Asian cultures.

Mexican naming customs are different as well. When a woman marries, she keeps her family name and adds her husband’s name after the word “de”, which means “of”. This affects how they fill in forms in the United States. When requested to fill in a middle name, they generally write the father’s family name. But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother. This often causes puzzlement.

Here are a few ways to deal with such difficult situations: don’t always think that a married woman uses her husband’s last name. Remember that in many Asian cultures, the order of first and last names is reversed (顛倒). Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly.

1.The story of Bill Clinton is used to _____ .

A．improve US Korean relations

B．introduce the topic of the text

C．describe his visit to Korea

D．tell us how to address a person

2.The word “gears” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.

A．action plans        B．naming customs     C．travel maps        D．thinking patterns

3.When a woman marries in Korea, she _____.

A．continues to use her family name

B．uses her husband’s given name

C．shares her husband’s family name

D．adds her husband’s given name to hers

4.To address a married woman properly, you’d better ______ .

A．use her middle name                    B．use her husband’s first name

C．ask her which name she likes              D．change the order of her names

5.What can NOT be inferred from the text? ______ .

A．Wives do not keep their family names in Japan.

B．Different countries have different naming customs in some way.

C．Naming custom will not cause any puzzle among Asian countries.

D．The naming custom in Korea is different from that of Japan.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.C

5.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了亞洲女性在結婚以后并沒有像西方女性一樣改變自己的姓，這讓西方人感到很困惑，文章中還提及了其它的一些例子。

1.B 推理題。在文章第一段中用克林頓總統(tǒng)所犯的這個錯誤來引起本文所要討論的關于已婚女性的姓的話題。這個例子只是起介紹引導的作用，故B正確。

2.D 推理題。根據President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears.字面意思為：克林頓總統(tǒng)離開日本直接去了韓國，還沒有改變他的文化思維方式，仍然把日本的文化思維帶到了韓國。故該詞應該是指思維方式，故D項正確。

3.A 細節(jié)題。根據第一段第三行in Korea, wives keep their family names.說明在韓國女性結婚以后仍然保留自己的姓，故A正確。

4.C 細節(jié)題。根據文章最后2行Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly說明要想適當地稱呼別人，就請直接問對方，故C正確。

5.C 細節(jié)題。根據文章第三段1,2行  In addition to Koreans some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents.說明亞洲人的稱呼方式會讓歐洲人感到很困惑，故C項說法是錯誤的，符合本題的要求。

考點：考查文化類短文閱讀

點評：本文介紹了東西方在女性結婚以后在姓方面的不同的方式。文章基本上是考查細節(jié)題，對此類題型考生可以首先從問題中找到關鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內容仔細閱讀一遍，仔細比較所給選項與文中細節(jié)的細微區(qū)別，在準確理解細節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。