10．Lack of sleep"switches off'genes
One week of bad sleep can"switch off"hundreds of genes and raise the risk of a host of illnesses which iS linked to higher bodyweights or heart disease，scientists claim．（71）AGetting fewer than six hours'sleep per night can switch off genes in the body according to a new study．
Our bodies depend on genes to produce a constant supply of proteins which are used to replace or repair damaged tissue，but after a week of lacking in sleep some of genes stopped working．（72）GScientists from Surrey University divided 26volunteers into two groups，one of which slept for less than six hours per night for a whole week，and one which slept for ten hours per night．At the end of the week each group was kept awake for 40hours and donated blood samples，which were studied to examine the effects of their sleep states．（73）B
Although a week's normal sleep was enough to restore the affected genes to their normal pattern，researchers said that long periods of sleeplessness could lead to serious health problems including heart disease．
（74）FProf Colin Smith，one of the authors of the new paper，which was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal，said："This is only a week of short time sleeping and it is only five and a half or six hours night，Many people have that amount of sleep for weeks，months and maybe，even years so we have no idea how much worse it might be．"
If these processes continue to be disordered，you could see how you are going to get damage of organs，tissues，heart disease，etc．（75）E

A．Genes in our bodies play a key role in the constant process of self-repair．
B．The group of lack of sleeping was found to have changed the function of 711genes．
C．The other participants were monitored as they slept with their rest disturbed on some of the nights．
D．The results suggest that shorter sleep provides a more permissive environment only for heart disease．
E．If you are not able to repair cells and tissues that are damaged then you are going to suffer    permanent ill health．
F．Studies have also shown the lack of sleep can lead to some other problems，for example limiting    our ability to drive a car safely．
G．The findings suggest that long-lasting lack of sleep could prevent the body from fully repairing       itself and raise the risk of a host of diseases．

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀．作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了一周睡不好覺會(huì)"關(guān)閉"身體的數(shù)百個(gè)基因，提高許多疾病比如體重和心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，雖然一周的正常睡眠是足以恢復(fù)受影響的基因的正常模式，但研究人員說，長期的失眠會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的健康問題，因此我們一定要養(yǎng)成健康的睡眠習(xí)慣．

解答 71．A．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第一段"Getting fewer than six hours'sleep per night can switch off genes in the body according to a new study．"可推測(cè)應(yīng)填我們體內(nèi)的基因在自我修復(fù)的過程中起著關(guān)鍵的作用；故選A．
72．G．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章文章第二段"Our bodies depend on genes to produce a constant supply of proteins which are used to replace or repair damaged tissue，but after a week of lacking in sleep some of genes stopped working"，可推出應(yīng)填研究結(jié)果表明，長期的睡眠不足可能會(huì)阻止身體完全修復(fù)，并提高了一系列疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；故選G．
73．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第三段"Although a week's normal sleep was enough to restore the affected genes to their normal pattern"，可知前文為睡眠不足的影響，應(yīng)填缺乏睡眠組發(fā)現(xiàn)有11個(gè)基因功能受影響；故選B．
74．F．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第四段"even years so we have no idea how much worse it might be"可知應(yīng)填研究還表明，睡眠不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些其他的問題，例如限制我們駕駛汽車的能力；故選F．
75．E．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一段"If these processes continue to be disordered，you could see how you are going to get damage of organs，tissues，heart disease，etc"，應(yīng)填如果你不能修復(fù)受損的細(xì)胞和組織，那么你就要遭受長期的健康狀況；故填E．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和聯(lián)系上下文的能力，在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．此類的填空題一定要聯(lián)系上下文，根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解，再作出正確的判斷．

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

9．The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries．In African countries，the WHO says the number of over-weight or obese children is twice as high as it was 20 years ago．Around the world，about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2013．
    Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults．The
condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases．
     Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development．He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often，which has a high sugar，fat and salt content．He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities．They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot．
     The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious（感染性的） diseases．
     The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries．The organization says you should lower your intake of fat，sugar，salt and processed food and eat more fruits，'vegetables and increase physical activity．The WHO says these actions are especially important for children．
     And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life，if possible．More importantly，governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help．In his view，government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar，fat and salt．"Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy．The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries．"he adds．
51．What is the main idea of Paragraph l？B
A．Children in developing countries generally weigh too much．
B．Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly．
C．The number of overweight children in the world has doubled．
D．The World Health Organization has increased greatly．
52．According to Branca，people are becoming overweight because of their changes inA
A．lifestyles                     B．transportation
C．physical condition             D．school educational．
53．Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2？D
A．cure         B．prevent       C．worsen        D．cause
54．According to WHO，which of the following is true？C
A．Poor nutrition is often related to children obesity．
B．To lower infectious disease rates is more complex than to lower obesity rates．
C．Eating less sugar and more vegetables helps lower obesity rates．
D．Increasing  physical activity is most effective to lower obesity rates．
55．What can we learn from the last Paragraph？B
A．Babies breastfed aren't likely to become overweight．
B．Governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesity．
C．Food producers should be stopped from marketing，food to children．
D．The number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

12．Eating different colored foods can keep you healthy，as well as change your mood and behavior．Here is a list of colors，which can change your life．
Blue/Purple
Blue is considered to be peaceful and calming and it has the same effect on our health．The blue/purple color in food is due primarily to their anthocyanins which are antioxidants （抗氧化劑） that are particularly heart healthy and may help support healthy blood pressure．Out of all the blue and purple foods available，blueberries are considered to have the highest antioxidant level．An analysis of the latest data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study found that people who eat purple and blue fruits and vegetables are at a reduced risk for high blood pressure and are less likely to be overweight．
A food and health expert says that blue and purple color foods can prevent blood mass formation，and they also lower the risk of cancer．
Foods that contain blue and purple colors are：reddish eggplant （especially the skin），blueberries，blackberries，purple grapes，etc．
Green
We all know that we should eat green as green symbolizes nature．The green foods are rich in isothiocyanates，which help resist cancer．
Dr．Ashok Agarwal，a food and nutrition specialist，explains，"They are excellent sources of folic acid，vitamin K，as well as carotene （胡蘿卜素）．Diets high in those above are associated with lowered blood pressure．"
Foods that contain the green color are：broccoli，cabbage，cucumbers，etc．
Red
Lycopene （番茄紅素） in reddish fruits and vegetables is a powerful antioxidant that has been associated with a reduced risk of some cancers，and also provides protection against heart attacks．
Dr．Smiths says，"Cooked tomato sauces are associated with greater health benefits as compared with the uncooked version as the heating process allows lycopene to be more easily absorbed by the body．Obtaining the most benefit from food depends on proper selection，storage and cooking of the produce．"
Foods that contain red color are：Tomatoes and tomato products，watermelon，guava，red onions，red chili，red apples，red grapes，cherries，etc．
Orange
The orange foods are also rich in carotene，which are particularly good antioxidants．These foods are commonly considered eyesight foods because they contain vitamin A．
"Orange fruits and vegetables also play a part in preventing cancer，particularly of the lungs and stomach．Foods that contain the color orange are：Carrots，mangoes，sweet potatoes，pumpkins，etc．

56．The passage tries to tell us thatB．
A．colors mean a lot to people and their health
B．foods of different colors will have different benefits
C．eating foods with a color must prevent diseases
D．what people should eat in their daily lives
57．All the colors mentioned in the passage have the function ofC．
A．lowering blood pressure               B．improving eyesight
C．preventing cancer                     D．reducing the risk of heart disease
58．Which color can help keep us thin according to the passage？A
A．Purple．  B．Green．  C．Red．  D．Orange．
59．The green and orange foods are both rich inC．
A．vitamin A       B．folic acid          C．carotene            D．vitamin K
60．It can be inferred from the passage thatD．
A．a(chǎn)ll grapes help lower the risk of high blood pressure and cancer
B．lung cancer can be prevented by eating red-colored foods
C．green-colored foods contain a lot of vitamin A which is good for eye health
D．tomatoes should be eaten cooked so that we can benefit the most．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：填空題

7．I have always enjoyed reading．Since I was a child I have wanted to be an author．That is （61）whyI studied Online-Journalism with focus on Online-Public Relations for the last three years．Therefore I had to read a （62）lot．My university had a well-kept digital library．At home I could check if the books I need for class were available on line．Nevertheless actually going to the library and（63）searching（search） in the Media section was more （64）effective（effect）．I spent quite a few study hours in the library looking for interesting books for my studies．Additionally，I with my fellow students，（65）spent（spend） a lot of time there sitting on the couch and chatting．
For my studies I had to read books about （66）entertainment（entertain），public relations，journalism，ethics in media and countless （67）othertopics．Sometimes the educational reading could get very exhausting．I remember the（68）classes（class） of Prof．Peter Seeger，which inspired me so much．We discussed the news and topics（69）covered（cover） by the media．I could easily join every conversation and talk with （70）highly（high） educated people about international and regional politics，and social injustices，just because of reading．Until today I have kept reading routine I started at that time．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

5．Why do men die earlier than women？The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age．
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts hardly lose their pumping power with age．
"We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25percent between 18and 70years of age．"said the head of the study，David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK．"Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat．Between the age of 20and 70．one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men，"said Goldspink．"This is part of the ageing process．"
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells．A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's．
"This gender（性別）difference might just explain why women live longer than men，"said Goldspink．
They studied more than 250healthy men and women between the ages of 18and 80，focusing on heahhy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease．
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart，said Goldspink．
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise．Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age．

68．The underlined word"longevity"in the second paragraph probably refers toB．
A．health      
B．long life      
C．a(chǎn)geing          
D．effect
69．The text mainly talks aboutD．
A．men's heart cells                 
B．women's ageing process
C．the gender difference              
D．hearts and long life
70．According to the text，the UK scientists have known thatC．
A．women have more cells than men when they are born
B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D．women never lose their pumping power with age
71．We can know from the passage thatA．
A．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
B．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D．wome over 70could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

15．The malls were filled with people seeking gifts for their loved ones．Some of the malls remained open around the clock，partly to satisfy our needs to buy gifts．
Behind the materialistic aspect of shopping for gifts lies the idea of caring，being attentive to the desires of special people in our lives．However，to use a well-worn play on words：it is our presence，not our presents，that truly counts．Many of us，unfortunately，can be so inattentive，even in the presence of our loved ones，that we might as well not be there at all．
Attention is one of the greatest gifts we can give each other．Companies around the globe spend billions every year on advertising to catch our attention for just a short moment at a time．Whole industries-media，entertainment，education-rely on the precious gift of our attention for their continued existence．A baby lacking attention for a long time is likely to he psychologically unhealthy．
In earlier times，both diet and attention could be left unregulated（沒人管的）without major cause for concern．There were natural checks and balances：limited availability of food meant few got fat，for example．Similarly，in bygone times we might have spent a few hours communicating with the village storyteller，today，watching an entire TV series，while speaking to nobody，is common．In traditional societies，with smaller population，everyone would get a fair deal of attention．On many issues we might go to see Grandma or Grandpa； now we have Google and Wikipedia．
"She just wants attention．"people tend to think little of those doing things simply for attention．But the truth is that human beings need attention，and giving attention to each other is，to a large extent，what human civilization is based upon．This perhaps explains the runaway success（一舉成功）of social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook．While we use such sites for"micro blogging"，"idea voicing"and"status updates"-the reality is that we are often doing no more or less than fulfilling our basic human drive for attention exchange．
I friend you，you friend me，I retweet you，you retweet me．The charming case with which we can now get and give attention is why many people appear overly attached to their smartphones．It is also a vicious（惡性）circle．As ever more people are busy exchanging attention online，there is increasingly less attention to be paid in the real world，which forces more people to seek their attention exchange online，or else risk attentuion-starvation．
The very nature of attention exchange is being rapidly transformed，and there is a danger that some of us will develop unhealthy practices．Just as eating red meat every day is a bad idea，so it is with too much attention exchange．The biological consequences of our technological advancement in food production are highly visible； heart disease，diabetes and obesity．The consequences of our transformed attention exchanges will be psychological and social，and so may take longer to identify，but they will be equally damaging．
Face-to-face attention is becoming rarer，and therefore more valuable．In a sense it is priceless．And it is a gift that can be given all-year-round．

41．In the first two paragraphs the authorD．
A．offers advice to attention givers                 
B．a(chǎn)nalyses the present problems
C．states the necessity of presents
D．puts forward his point of view
42．Attention exchange was not a major concern in traditional societies because ofB．
A．limited availability of food    
B．natural checks and balances
C．a(chǎn) much smaller population       
D．the guidance from old people
43．People use social networking sistes such as Twitter and Facbook toD．
A．obtain information              
B．give attention to others
C．voice their opinions            
D．notice and get noticed
44．What can we infer from Paragraph 6-7？D
A．More people will risk attention-starvation in future．
B．The nature of attention exchange is rarely changed．
C．Technological advancement contributes to all diseases．
D．Transformed attention exchanges do harm to society．
45．The writer's purpose for writing the passage is toA．
A．a(chǎn)dvocate more focus on real life attention        
B．a(chǎn)nalyze the necessity of attention giving
C．give practical tips on attention exchange
D．recommend some social networking sites．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

2．What's On Stage
An acrobatic show：To celebrate its 50th anniversary，the China Acrobatic Troupe （劇團(tuán)） will present"The Soul of China"，where the seemingly impossible is made real．Chills will run down your spine（脊柱） as you watch breathlessly as performers take their art and their bodies to the edge．
Time：7：30p．m．，September 13-19
Place：Capital Theatre，22Wangfujing Dajie，Dongcheng District
Exhibitions
Joint Show：A group ink painting exhibition is running at the Huangshicheng Art Gallery in Beijing．About 50works by 25young artists including Ge Yun and Yu Yang are on display．
Time：9：00a．m．-5：00p．m．until September 10
Place：Huangshicheng Art Gallery，136Nanchizi Dajie，Dongcheng District
Oil paintings：The Wanfung Art Gallery will host a joint show of oil painting by 10young and middle-aged artists．On display are more than 30of their latest works，which capture the wondrous variety of life in unique styles．
Time：9：00a．m．-4：00p．m．until September 15
Place：136Nanchizi Street，Dongcheng District
Literature museum：The National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature offers an in-depth study of the evolution of Chinese contemporary literature from 1919to 1949．
Time：9：00a．m．-4：00p．m．，daily
Place：45Anyuan Donglu，Chaoyang District （Shaoyaoju area）
Concerts
Beijing rocks："The Fashion Night of Chinese Rock"is set to bring rock fans out by the thousands next month．Nine Chinese rock bands will perform at the concert，including older generation bands，middle generation and some recent arrivals．The audience will be given a chance to decide what songs they want to hear，which is sure to bring a storm．
Time：September 16
Place：The Olympic Center
Belgium orchestra：La Petite Bande，the Baroque Orehestra of Belgium，will perform in Beijing at the Grand Theatre of the Cultural Palace of Nationalities as part of activities across the world in memory of the 250th anniversary of Bach's death．
Time：7：30p．m．September 11-14
Place：Grand Theatre of the Cultural Palace of Nationalities

49．What do you think of the acrobatic show mentioned above？B
A．When you watch it，you will certainly feel cold．
B．Unexpected things will make you excited and surprised．
C．Something strange will puzzle everyone，including scientists．
D．Even the bravest ones will be too frightened to go on watching．
50．The most characteristic thing about the Fashion Night of Chinese Rock is thatD．
A．it will certainly cause a rock storm throughout China
B．it is to bring thousands of rock fans out of their homes
C．it is to be held in memory of one of the greatest musicians
D．it will let the audience choose the performers and the music
51．Suppose it is September 14today，how many activities can people choose to attend？C
A.2． B.3． C.4． D.5．
52．On the whole，we can concludeA．
A．we can enjoy a large variety of cultural activities in Beijing
B．people in Beijing prefer modern culture to something traditional
C．most of the cultural activities in Beijing are for foreign visitors only
D．there are usually more cultural activities in September than in any other month．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：短文改錯(cuò)

19．此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤．對(duì)標(biāo)題號(hào)的每一行做出判斷：如無錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊的橫線上劃（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：
此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉．
此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞．
此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞．
注意：原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要改．
I'd love to tell you something about my vacation．I've been（76）√looking forward to visit the East Lake for a long time，（77）visitingYesterday，with my friends，I paid a visit it．We set off at（78）to7：00 am by bus．It is 8 kilometers far away from our city，and（79）去掉farwhen we got there，it was 7：20 am．There we have a wonderful （80）hadtime．We spent the whole morning boating sand fished on the lake．（81）finishingThen we had a picnic by the lake．On the afternoon，we climbed（82）Inthe Snake Island，picking the beautiful flowers and took a lot of pictures（83）picked Time passed very quick．Before we knew it，it was already 16：00，（84）quicklybut we had to go back．How about your vacation？Please write to（85）andme as soon as possible．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

20．Happy people work differently．They're more productive，more creative，and willing to take greater risks．And new research suggests that（51）Cmight influence how firms work，too．
Companies located in places with happier people invest more，according to a recent research paper．（52）B，firms in happy places spend more on R&D，which stands for research and development．That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking（53）Dfor making investments for the future．
The researchers wanted to know if the optimism （樂觀） and hobbies for risk-taking that come with happiness would（54）Dthe way companies invested．So they compared U．S．cities'average happiness（55）Bby Gallup polling （民意調(diào)查） with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas．
（56）Aenough，firms'investment and R&D intensity were related with the happiness of the area in which they were headquartered．But is it really happiness that's linked to investment，or could something else about happier cities（57）Awhy firms there spend more on R&D？To find out，the researchers controlled for various （58）Bthat might make firms more likely to invest-like size，industry，and sales-and for indicators that a place was desirable to live in，like（59）Cin wages or population．The link between happiness and investment generally held even after accounting for these things．
The（60）Abetween happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms，which the authors regard as"less codified （法典化的） decision-making process"and the possible presence of"younger and less（61）Dmanagers who are more likely to be influenced by emotions．"The relationship was also stronger in places where happiness was spread more（62）D．Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy，rather than in places with happiness inequality，or large（63）Cin the distribution of well-being．
While this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view，the authors believe it at least hints at that possibility．It's not hard to imagine that local culture and emotions would help（64）Ahow executives think about the future．Just ask anyone who's spent time in Silicon Valley．"It surely seems reasonable that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and（65）BR&D more than the average，"said one researcher．
51．A．successB．patienceC．happinessD．progress
52．A．In returnB．In particularC．In responseD．In conclusion
53．A．sufficientB．famousC．perfectD．necessary
54．A．ceaseB．missC．spoilD．change
55．A．imaginedB．measuredC．inventedD．a(chǎn)ssumed
56．A．SureB．SpecialC．UnfortunateD．Casual
57．A．explainB．repeatC．summarizeD．emphasize
58．A．stagesB．factorsC．levelsD．methods
59．A．decreaseB．limitC．growthD．presentation
60．A．relationshipB．differenceC．contrastD．conflict
61．A．passiveB．dependentC．patrioticD．experienced
62．A．rapidlyB．regularlyC．directlyD．equally
63．A．helpsB．opportunitiesC．gapsD．responsibilities
64．A．influenceB．investigateC．simplifyD．share
65．A．turn downB．focus onC．give upD．make out

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案