Question

A new study finds that the animal known as man’s best friend can also be a good friend to the heart. Researchers in California say they have found that even just a short visit with a dog helped ease the worries of heart patients.               

The study divided the patients into three groups. In Group A, a dog and a person visited each patient for twelve minutes. Patients in Group B received just a human visitor for twelve minutes. And members of Group C received no visitor, human or canine(犬的).

The dogs would lie on the hospital bed so the heart patients could touch them. The researchers say some patients immediately smiled and talked to the dog and the human visitor. Dogs, in her words, “make people happier, calmer and feel more loved.”

The researchers examined the patients before, during and after the visits. They measured stress levels based on blood flow and heart activity. They say they found a twenty-four percent decrease in the group visited by both a dog and a person. They reported a ten percent decrease in the group visited by a person only. There was no change in the patients without any visit. These patients, however, did have an increase in their production of the hormone epinephrine (epinephrine腎上腺素). The body produces epinephrine during times of stress.

The increase was an average of seven percent. But the study found that patients who spent time with a dog had a seventeen percent drop in their levels of epinephrine. Patients visited by a human but not a dog also had a decrease, but only two percent.

The author believes that _______.  

   A. the dog can take the place of most medicines

   B. the dog is the most popular pet for man

   C. the findings of the research cannot be trusted

   D. visits by a human work better than visits by a dog

Which of the following best shows the stress level changes in the groups of patients? BACC

  

From the research findings we may conclude that _______.

A. the less the body produces epinephrine, the better

B. the longer a visit lasts, the happier the patient should be

C. the patients enjoyed the dogs’ company more than the human visitors’

D. it’s impossible for heart patients to recover without dogs’ visits

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

  A. Worried Heart Patients               B. Epinephrine and Stress

  C. Good Friend to the Heart             D. Three Groups of Patients

Answer 1

【小題1】B

【小題2】A

【小題3】C

【小題4】C

解析:

【小題1】推理判斷題。本題要求根據(jù)作者的遣詞用句和表述方式判斷其情感態(tài)度，這是對(duì)

較高層次的閱讀能力的考查。A選項(xiàng)有些言過其實(shí): 作者雖認(rèn)同狗在病人康復(fù)過程中的

積極作用，但沒有表明它可以取代藥物；透過全文的字里行間，可以看出作者對(duì)該項(xiàng)研

究成果的極大興趣和深度認(rèn)同，故排除C項(xiàng)；仔細(xì)研究第4、5段提供的數(shù)據(jù)，可知狗

的探視比人的探視給病人提供的安慰更多，故排除D項(xiàng)；文章首句中known as man’s best

friend表面上似乎是陳述事實(shí)，實(shí)際上在字里行間表明了他（她）也認(rèn)為狗是人類最好

的朋友。

【小題2】圖表題。將文字信息轉(zhuǎn)化為圖表信息是考查閱讀理解能力的很好的

題型。根據(jù)文章第2段和第4段，A組病人接受了狗和人的共同探視，其心理壓力指數(shù)下降

了24％；B組病人只接受了人的探視，其心理壓力指數(shù)下降了10％；C組病人沒有得到任

何探視，其心理壓力指數(shù)沒有改變。圖A正確地描述了上述信息。其他圖便不必再深究了。

【小題3】歸納推理題。做這類題要特別注意將推理基于文章的信息之上，把握

好度。根據(jù)本文可知：人在經(jīng)受不同程度的精神壓力時(shí)，身體會(huì)生產(chǎn)腎上腺素，平均增

加7％。壓力緩解，腎上腺素便下降。但未說明人體生產(chǎn)的腎上腺素越少越好。事實(shí)上，

根據(jù)醫(yī)學(xué)常識(shí)，適量的腎上腺素對(duì)人體有著積極作用，故排除A項(xiàng)；文章沒有說明探視

的效果與探視時(shí)間的關(guān)系，因而不可盲目做出結(jié)論，故排除B項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)顯然言過其實(shí)；

認(rèn)真研究第4、5段提供的數(shù)據(jù)，可知C項(xiàng)正確。

【小題4】歸納主旨題。選項(xiàng)A意為“著急的心臟病患者”，不能表達(dá)本文主旨；選項(xiàng)A意為“腎上腺素和壓力”，只是本文中的枝節(jié)信息；選項(xiàng)D意為“三組病人”，而本文并非主要談?wù)摬∪说那闆r；選項(xiàng)C意為“心臟的好友”，既表達(dá)了本文主旨，又生動(dòng)新穎，引人注意。