Some nations think they must have more and more babies, more and more people, if they are to remain strong and free.
Actually, this is not so. Very often in history, small nations have conquered large ones. It’s not so much the size of the army as its organization and the technical level of its weapons. Thus, Greece took over Persia in the 300s B.C., Great Britain took over India in the 1700s, even though Persia and India had far bigger population than Greece and Great Britain.
If a nation wishes to avoid being dominated by its neighbors, its best chance is to raise its standard of living and its level of technology.This can be done best by not allowing its population to grow to such a point that it is sunk in misery and poverty. In fact, the worst way in which a nation can try to avoid being dominated by its neighbor is to increase its population to the point of misery and poverty.
If every nation tries to compete with its neighbors by raising its population, then the whole world will be sunk in misery and poverty. The nations will become weak in a disaster that will leave nothing behind that is worth dominating. No one will have gained anything. Everyone will have lost everything.
Once all this is understood, and people generally agree that population growth must not be allowed to continue, they must also come to understand how that growth can be stopped. Population grows because more people are being born than are dying. There are two ways, then, in which the growth can be stopped. You can increase the number of people who die until it matches the number of people who are being born. Or else you can decrease the number of people who are born until it matches the number of people who are dying.
The first method—increasing the death rate—is the usual way in which population is controlled in all species of living things other than ourselves, but we don’t want that, for disaster lies that way. The intelligent way is to reduce the birth rate. But how can the birth rate be reduced?
【小題1】 In paragraph 3, the word “This” refers to ______.
A.a(chǎn)voidance of poverty | B.improvement of life and technology |
C.growth of population | D.enhancement of living standard and competition |
A.it could still remain strong | B.it would be defeated by a strong neighbour |
C.its standard of living could be high | D.its people would live misery |
A.Needs to balance population. | B.Problems involved in birth control. |
C.Methods of decreasing population. | D.Opposition from some nations. |
A.why we must control population | B.where we can find a solution |
C.how to stop population growth | D.how to become a strong nation |
【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】A
解析試題分析:本文敘述了為什么一個國家要控制人口的增長,一是為了自己國家的安全,如果人口太多,容易遭到鄰國的侵略,最終會淪落為貧窮和落后;二是本文提出了控制人口的方法。
【小題1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)its best chance is to raise its standard of living and its level of technology.它指的是生活水平和技術的提高,故選B。
【小題2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)In fact, the worst way in which a nation can try to avoid being dominated by its neighbor is to increase its population to the point of misery and poverty.可以推出如果人少了可以使國家更強大,故選A。
【小題3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)The intelligent way is to reduce the birth rate. But how can the birth rate be reduced?減少人口的方法,故選C。
【小題4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)為什么要控制人口的增長。故選A。
考點:社會類短文閱讀。
點評:主旨大意題的干擾項(錯誤選項)有3種:(1)概括范圍太窄,只表達局部信息或某一細節(jié),不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意。(2)概括范圍太寬,所表達的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容。(3)無關信息:即文章中未提到、或找不到語言依據(jù)的信息。
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The stamps can be used normally to mail a letter,and postal officials hope they will help encourage interest in letter writing in the Internet age.“Certainly e-mail is a useful method of communication,but letters are fun in a different way,”said Hatsumi Shimizu an official in the Post Ministry.“We want to show young people that letters can be fun too.”[
While similar stamp sheets appeared in Australia in 1999 and are now sold in some nations and territories,Japan’s fondness for commemorative photos is likely to make them especially popular here.Indeed,officials had prepared 1 000 sheets but they were sold out in less than 30 minutes.Although the stamps are currently only available as a special service during the exhibition,postal officials said they may start selling them on a regular basis in the future.
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C.First Japanese Postage Stamps with a Photo
D.Letters are as Fun as E-mails
By saying“l(fā)ittle more than the cost of lunch in Tokyo”,the author really means______.
A.this service is not very expensive
B.the cost of this service is very high
C.food in Tokyo is very dear
D.$8.80 is a very small amount of money
The purpose of this activity is______.
A.to make the international postage stamp exhibition more interesting
B.to make more stamps for normal use
C.to draw interest in writing letters
D.to satisfy Japan’s fondness of commemorative photos
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Japanese people like to take photos.
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B.to make more stamps for normal use | C.to draw interest in writing letters |
D.to satisfy Japan’s fondness of commemorative photos |
A.Japanese people like to take photos. | B.This kind of stamps must be used to mail letters. |
C.Japanese people can get this kind of stamps easily after the stamp exhibition. | |
D.This service is more popular in Japan than in other places. |
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B.Your Own Face on a Postage Stamp |
C.First Japanese Postage Stamps with a Photo |
D.Letters are as Fun as E-mails |
A.this service is not very expensive |
B.the cost of this service is very high |
C.food in Tokyo is very dear |
D.$8.80 is a very small amount of money |
A.to make the international postage stamp exhibition more interesting |
B.to make more stamps for normal use |
C.to draw interest in writing letters |
D.to satisfy Japan’s fondness of commemorative photos |
A.Japanese people like to take photos. |
B.This kind of stamps must be used to mail letters. |
C.Japanese people can get this kind of stamps easily after the stamp exhibition. |
D.This service is more popular in Japan than in other places. |
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While similar stamp sheets appeared in Australia in 1999 and are now sold in some nations and territories,Japan’s fondness for commemorative photos is likely to make them especially popular here.Indeed,officials had prepared 1 000 sheets but they were sold out in less than 30 minutes.Although the stamps are currently only available as a special service during the exhibition,postal officials said they may start selling them on a regular basis in the future.
1.The best title of this passage might be______.
A.Never Miss a Chance to be Photographed |
B.Your Own Face on a Postage Stamp |
C.First Japanese Postage Stamps with a Photo |
D.Letters are as Fun as E-mails |
2.By saying“l(fā)ittle more than the cost of lunch in Tokyo”,the author really means______.
A.this service is not very expensive |
B.the cost of this service is very high |
C.food in Tokyo is very dear |
D.$8.80 is a very small amount of money |
3.The purpose of this activity is______.
A.to make the international postage stamp exhibition more interesting |
B.to make more stamps for normal use |
C.to draw interest in writing letters |
D.to satisfy Japan’s fondness of commemorative photos |
4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Japanese people like to take photos. |
B.This kind of stamps must be used to mail letters. |
C.Japanese people can get this kind of stamps easily after the stamp exhibition. |
D.This service is more popular in Japan than in other places. |
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