Question

 Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth, but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

　　Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

　　Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗電視連續(xù)劇) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

　　“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards life, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people aware of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”

1.According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _____.

A．by educating its citizens

B．by careful family planning

C．by developing TV programmes

D．by chance

2.What can you infer from the passage about many Third World countries ?

A．They haven’t attached much importance to birth control.

B．They would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate.

C．They haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population.

D．They neglected the role of TV plays in family planning

3.Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because ______.

A．they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B．they have gradually changed people’s way of life

C．people are drawn to their attractive package

D．they popularize birth control measures

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.D

2.C

3.B

【解析】

試題分析：

1.D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段1,2行Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth, but more by accident than design.說明巴西出生率的下降不是計劃好的，而是偶然的，故D正確。

2.C 推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

說明在這方面其它第三世界的國家都很羨慕巴西，那么說明他們沒有找到有效的措施來減低人口出生率。故C正確。

3.B 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后兩行“They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people aware of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.說明這些節(jié)目讓巴西的女性意識到多生孩子無用，改變了他們的價值觀和生活方式。故B正確。

考點：考查新聞類短文閱讀

點評：文章介紹了巴西人口出生率一直在下降，并分析了原因，原來是巴西的電視劇里傳播的價值觀讓巴西女性不愿意多生孩子。本文有一定難度，以推理題的考查為主，要求考生抓住文章的本質(zhì)要點，準確判斷。