Question

Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.

People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators（發(fā)電機）. Generators are fueled by something--usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal（地熱） plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.

In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can't see it, it's not happening.”  Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat--at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.

A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far -- so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.

　　In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though，all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.

1.What’s the main idea of the passages?

A．Electric cars aren’t actually clean.

B．Electric cars are zero-emissions vehicles.

C．Zero-emissions vehicles are popular.

D．Gasoline-powered cars are more efficient.

2.Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2?

A．Be familiar with．

B．Be curious about．

C．Fail to understand．

D．Show their interest in．

3.The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run _________.

A．a(chǎn)t least 25 miles

B．more than 25 miles

C．a(chǎn)s far as 25 miles

D．less than 25 miles

4.In the author’s opinion, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more __________.

A．environmentally-friendly	B．expensive
C．efficient	D．harmful

5.It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

A．electric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long time

B．now electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousins

C．zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment

D．electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.D

5.D 

【解析】

試題分析：

1.A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins. 說明電動車一點也不環(huán)保。故A正確。

2..C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from.說明加利福尼亞的人喜歡談論零排放的的汽車，但是加利福尼亞的人似乎對電源的來源不清楚。該詞應該指不清楚，不理解。故C正確。

3.D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段1,2行A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far說明D正確。

4.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段，不僅僅是電動車的需要的能源更多，而且電動車的電池也會導致污染，故電動車是對環(huán)境是更有害的。故D正確。

5.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知電動車所需要的點，是需要通過燃燒煤炭等自然資源的，所以電動車并不如人們所認為的那樣清潔無污染。故Ｄ正確。

考點：考查環(huán)境類短文閱讀

點評：：電動車真的沒有污染嗎？通過文章的描述我們可以知道實際上并不是這樣的，電動車比現(xiàn)在的汽車可能會導致更多的污染，因為它所使用的電，仍然是需要靠燃燒煤炭的資源來實現(xiàn)的。