Australia has promised to introduce the most comprehensive （全面的） carbon trading program outside Europe in 2010. The government in Canberra plans to cut greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by at least five percent by 2020, but it could make bigger reductions if other countries agree to tougher targets.

The Australian government warns that without tough environmental measures the country could lose key industries and jobs. Climate Change Minister Penny Wong says the economy is under threat and decisive action is needed.

Central to the government’s climate change plan is a carbon emissions trading program that will be introduced within two years. It would involve one thousand of the nation’s biggest companies and would cover about three-quarters of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions.

Many scientists believe that greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, contribute to global warming. Many of them are released by burning fuels such as coal and oil.

Companies will be required to buy permits for each ton of carbon they emit, although big polluting exporters will receive up to 90 percent of their carbon licenses free.

Many business leaders want the government to delay the plan because of the current global financial crisis, which is slowing the Australian economy. Peter Anderson from the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry says it is irresponsible to bring in a carbon trading plan now.

Environmentalists, on the other hand, say Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has not properly addressed the threat of climate change. Activists had sought a minimum emissions cut of 25 percent.

Instead, the Rudd government aims to cuts carbon emissions by at least five percent of 2000 levels by 2020. That amount could rise to 15 percent, if future global agreements set such a target.

Ray Nias of the environmental group WWF says Australia will pay the price for low targets. “This is a deeply, deeply disappointing target,” Nias said. “It commits Australia to long-term climate change. It will make Australia’s ability to negotiate (協(xié)商) global agreements very, very difficult. It is much lower than even we had imagined.”

Australia has one of the highest per-person greenhouse emissions rates in the world because of its reliance on coal for electricity.

Some scientists warn that the vast, dry Australian continent, which has been suffering a series of droughts in recent years, could be one of the region’s hardest hit by global warming.

1.Which group supports to cut carbon emissions by at least 25%?

A. Environmentalists.B. The government.

C. Business leaders.D. Scientists.

2.Who most probably agrees to a higher goal of carbon emissions?

A. Penny Wong.B. Peter Anderson.

C. Kevin Rudd.D. Ray Nias.

3.Many business leaders are against the Australian program because ________.

A. they believe the program will only benefit the big companies

B. they believe the program will cause the global warming

C. they don’t want to pay extra money for carbon emissions

D. they don’t think carbon emission will surely cause the global warming

4.The underlined sentence means ________.

A. The Australian government will be blamed for the low target

B. Australia will suffer a lot from climate change caused by carbon emissions

C. The Australian government will have to spend lots of money on carbon emissions

D. Many Australian companies will close down because of the low target

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016-2017學(xué)年吉林長(zhǎng)春市高二上期初考試英語(yǔ)卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain. You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there. All these can be called “always on” stress caused by smart phone addiction(上癮).

For some people, smart phones have freed them from the nine-to-five work. Flexible working has given them more autonomy (自主權(quán)) in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their friends and families. For many others, though, smart phones have become cruel masters in their pockets, never allowing them to turn them off and relax.

Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favor of his iPhone. So he developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage. The app enables users to see how much time they’re spending on the device(設(shè)備) and set up warnings if the usage limits are broken. “Moment’s goal is to promote balance in your life,” his website explains. “Some time on your phone, some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends around you.”

Dr. Christine Grant, an occupational psychologist at Coventry University, said, “The effects of this ‘a(chǎn)lways on’ culture are that your mind is never resting, and you’re not giving your body time to recover, so you’re always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get, the more mistakes we make. Physical and mental health can suffer.”

And as the number of connected smart phones is increasing, so is the amount of data. This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis (癱瘓) and is creating more stress in the workplace because people have to receive a broader range of data and communications which are often difficult to manage. “It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many do less because they’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the office,” said Dr. Christine Grant.

1.What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The popularity of smart phones.

B. The progress of modern technology.

C. The signs of “always on” stress.

D. The cause of smart phone addiction.

2.Kevin Holesh developed Moment to_______.

A. research how people use their mobile phones

B. help people control their use of mobile phones

C. make people better use mobile phones

D. increase the fun of using mobile phones

3.What’s Dr. Christine Grant’s attitude towards “always on” culture?

A. Confused. B. Positive.

C. Doubtful. D. Critical.

4.According to the last paragraph, a greater amount of data means_______.

A. we will become less productive

B. we can make a decision more quickly

C. we will be equipped with more knowledge

D. we can work more effectively

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016-2017年湖南衡陽(yáng)八中高二上第四次月考英語(yǔ)卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

More than four decades ago British scientist Robert Edwards first witnessed the miracle of human life growing inside a test tube at his Cambridge lab. Since that ground-breaking moment, more than four million babies have been born through IVF and in 2010 his great contribution to science was finally recognized as he was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine.

The prize for Dr. Edwards, who was given a Daily Mirror Pride of Britain Award in 2008, includes a £900,000 check. The Nobel Assembly described IVF as a “milestone in modern medicine”.

With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, the Manchester-born physiologist developed IVF — leading to the birth of the world’s first test tube baby. Dr. Steptoe died 10 years later but their work has transformed fertility treatment and given hope to millions of couples.

It was a scientific breakthrough that transformed the lives of millions of couples. They said: “His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility, a disease which makes human unable to have a baby. This condition has been afflicting a large percentage of mankind including more than 10% of all couples worldwide.”

Louise Brown, the world’s first test tube baby, made international headlines when she was born in Oldham, Gtr Manchester, in 1978 to parents Lesley and John who had been fruitlessly trying for a baby since 1969.

Ivf-in-vitro fertilization is the process whereby egg cells are fertilized outside the body before being implanted in the womb. After a cycle of IVF, the probability of a couple with infertility problems having a baby is one in five—the same as healthy couples who conceive naturally.

Professor Edwards, who has five daughters and 11 grandchildren, began his research at Cambridge University in 1963, after receiving his PhD in 1955. He once said: “The most important thing in life is having a child. Nothing is more special than a child.” With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, Prof. Edwards founded the Bourn Hall clinic in Cambridge shire, which now treats more than 900 women a year. Each year, more than 30,000 women in Britain now undergo IVF and 11,000 babies are born as a result of the treatment.

But his work attracted widespread criticism from some scientists and the Catholic Church who said it was “unethical and immoral”.

Martin Johnson, professor of reproductive sciences at the University of Cambridge, said the award was “l(fā)ong overdue”. He said: “We couldn’t understand why the Nobel has come so late but he is delighted — this is the cherry on the cake for him.”

Professor Edwards was too ill to give interviews but a statement released by his family said he was “thrilled and delighted”.

1.What is Robert Edwards’ contribution to science?

A. Enabling millions of couples to live a better life.

B. Helping couples with infertility to have tube babies.

C. Seeing the wonder of the first tube baby growing

D. Challenging a disease which stops human having a baby.

2.Why did Professor Edwards begin his research on tube baby?

A. Because a special child did make a difference to an ordinary family.

B. Because the birthrate around the world was unexpectedly low then.

C. Because he thought it of great significance to have a child in life.

D. Because his fellow scientist wanted to give hope to the unlucky couples.

3.It can be inferred from Paragraph 8 and Paragraph 9 that ________.

A. Professor Edwards deserved the prize for his breakthrough

B. different opinions were voiced on Professor Edwards’ finding

C. some people envied Professor Edwards for his being awarded

D. the prize was late because the finding was first considered immoral

4.What might be the best title for the passage?

A. Life Stories of Robert Edwards

B. Preparations for Having a Baby

C. Nobel Prize for IVF Expert Edwards

D. Treatment of Infertility in a Lab

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It’s nearly four years since I worked in that farm. I ________ a band with other fellows.

A. operatedB. had been operating

C. was operatingD. am operating

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Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine of 2015 due to her ________ to discovering a new drug to treat parasitic diseases.

A. conservationB. expectationC. commitmentD. appreciation

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I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.

A. mightB. mustC. wouldD. should

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Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept ________ the true facts until they reached the present critical stage.

A. in ignorance ofB. in the light of

C. in honor ofD. in view of

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假定你是學(xué)校英文報(bào)社小記者李華，被安排去采訪本學(xué)期剛來(lái)的外籍教師Linda，了解她對(duì)你校學(xué)生外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法的一些看法和建議。請(qǐng)你用英文寫(xiě)一封電子郵件，與她預(yù)約見(jiàn)面的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。

內(nèi)容包括：

1、寫(xiě)信目的；2、采訪內(nèi)容；3、預(yù)約時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。

注意：1、詞數(shù)100左右；

2、可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

3、采訪：interview(v, n ) 預(yù)約：appoint (v) appointment (n)

Dear Linda,

I’m Li Hua, a reporter of the English Newspaper of our school. _____________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

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Some people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes, fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. Why read an article in the newspaper when the TV news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? Why read the life story of a famous man when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?

Television has not killed reading, however. Today, newspapers sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. Books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoyment. Although some books with hard covers are expensive, many books are printed today as paperbacks (平裝本), which are quite cheap. A paperback collection of short stories, for example, is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater, and you can keep a book for ever and read it many times.

Books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every home. Every home should have a good dictionary. A good encyclopedia (百科全書(shū)), though expensive, is useful, too, because you can find information on any subject. Besides, you can have such books as history books, science textbooks, cookbooks, and collections of stories and poems. Then from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.

1.It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. TV programs are a chief provider of knowledge

B. cinemas are the best choice in getting information

C. reading is a cheap way of learning and having fun

D. newspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself

2.What does the underlined sentence in the second paragraph “Television has not killed reading, however.” suggest?

A. People only need reading, though.

B. Reading is more fun than television.

C. Reading is still necessary today.

D. Watching television doesn’t help reading.

3.Where can you probably see this passage?

A. In a travel booklet.

B. In a science report.

C. In a fashion show magazine.

D. In an education book review.

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