16.Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers took them for granted.This is especially true among children from wealthy families and communities.They have the resources needed to organize and (21)Dsports programs to make sure that there is easy (22)Ato participation opportunities.Children from (23)Bfamilies and communities,however,are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted.They often (24)Dthe resources needed to pay for participation fees,(25)C,and transportation to practices and games.(26)C,their communities do not have enough resources to build and (27)Asports fields and facilities (設(shè)施).
Organized youth sports (28)Bappeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other developed nations.They were originally developed (29)Dsome educators and developmental experts (30)Athat the behavior and character of children were (31)Cinfluenced by their social (32)Band everyday experiences.This (33)Dmany people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in (34)Dways,you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.
This (35)Bthat the social surroundings greatly influenced a person‘s overall development was very (36)Ato people interested in progress and reform in the United States (37)Dthe beginning of the 20th century.It caused them to think about (38)Bthey might control the experiences of children to produce (39)Cand productive adults.They believed strongly that a great democracy (民主國家) depended on responsibility and that a (40)Aeconomy depended on the productivity of workers.

21.A.distributeB.spreadC.defendD.sponsor
22.A.a(chǎn)ccessB.entranceC.chanceD.route
23.A.smallB.poorC.bigD.rich
24.A.shrinkB.tightenC.limitD.lack
25.A.sightseeingB examinationC.equipmentD.schooling
26.A.In shortB.In allC.In additionD.In brief
27.A.preserveB.exchangeC.containD.review
28.A.lastB.firstC.laterD.finally
29.A.beforeB.unlessC.untilD.when
30.A.realizedB.a(chǎn)dmiredC.expectedD.exhibited
31.A.specificallyB.slightlyC.stronglyD.exactly
32.A.skillsB.environmentC.positionD.status
33.A.a(chǎn)dvisedB.conductedC.commandedD.led
34.A.a(chǎn)ccurateB.preciousC.casualD.particular
35.A.worryB.beliefC.a(chǎn)ttitudeD.chance
36.A.encouragingB.disappointingC.upsettingD.surprising
37.A.forB.withC.overD.a(chǎn)t
38.A.whatB.howC.whateverD.however
39.A.a(chǎn)mbitiousB.a(chǎn)ggressiveC.responsibleD.modest
40.A.growingB.droppingC.raisingD.declining

分析 這是一篇關(guān)于美國青少年體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的文章.
美國各種有組織的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)非常普遍,特別是在富人的家庭中,他們有資源去支持和贊助體育活動(dòng)以此享受到更多的參與的機(jī)會(huì).而相對于貧困家庭來說,他們需要支付費(fèi)用才能夠參加這些活動(dòng),另外,他們的社區(qū)也沒有足夠的資源來建設(shè)和維護(hù)體育場地和設(shè)施.組織青少年體育運(yùn)動(dòng)最早興起于20世紀(jì)的美國以及一些發(fā)達(dá)國家.他們認(rèn)為,孩子的行為和性格受到社會(huì)環(huán)境和日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響.體育運(yùn)動(dòng)對兒童性格的形成有很大的影響.要想培養(yǎng)怎樣的人,就要提供怎樣的資源.
美國認(rèn)為,青少年的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)對青少年的全面發(fā)展起到重要的作用.美國堅(jiān)信偉大的民主國家需要強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長需要高素質(zhì)的人才.

解答 21.D  動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析.A.distribute 分配,分發(fā);B.spread 發(fā)布,傳播;C.defend 防衛(wèi);D.sponsor 贊助.聯(lián)系上文語義,可知有錢人的家庭有足夠的資源來組織和贊助體育項(xiàng)目,因此答案為D.
22.A 名詞詞義辨析.A.a(chǎn)ccess 使用權(quán);B.entrance入口;C.chance 機(jī)會(huì);D.route 路線.聯(lián)系上文語義,表達(dá)為更容易有使用權(quán),答案為A,access為不可數(shù)名詞,因此為there is easy access to…
23.B 上下文語義理解.上文講述的是富人家庭的情況,空格后的內(nèi)容講述窮人家庭的情況,因此答案為B.
24.D 上下文語義理解及動(dòng)詞辨析.上文講述富人家庭的情況后進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折however,are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted.可知和富人家庭相比,窮人家庭缺少資源,They often (24)Dthe resources needed to pay for participation fees,因此答案為lack.
25.C  推理判斷及名詞詞義辨析.A.sightseeing觀光,瀏覽;B.examination 測試,考試;C.equipment 裝備;D.schooling學(xué)校教育.根據(jù)上文可以判斷,是指體育設(shè)備/裝備,故答案為C.
26.C 介詞短語辨析.A.In short 簡短地說,簡而言之;B.In all,總共;C.In addition,另外;D.In brief,簡言之.前文講到窮人家庭需要支付體育活動(dòng)的費(fèi)用,設(shè)備以及交通費(fèi)用,空格后的是另一方面的內(nèi)容,因此可判斷為In addiction,故答案為C.
27.A 動(dòng)詞的辨析.A.preserve 保持;B.exchange交換; C.contain包含;  D.review回顧,復(fù)習(xí).根據(jù)語義,可知表達(dá)的是"建設(shè)以及維持這些設(shè)施",答案為A.
28.B 推理判斷題.由后文的關(guān)鍵句可得知they were originally developed(最先發(fā)展),可知是談到一開始的情況,因此答案為B,first.
 29.D 推理判斷題.本句講到體育活動(dòng)一開始發(fā)展的原因是--some educators and developmental experts (30)Athat the behavior and character of children were (31)Cinfluenced by their social (32)Band everyday experiences.一些教育者以及專家發(fā)現(xiàn)兒童的行為和性格受到社會(huì)環(huán)境以及日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響,因此這里是個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,用連接詞when引導(dǎo).答案為D.
30.A 動(dòng)詞的辨析.A.realized發(fā)覺,發(fā)現(xiàn),意識到;B.a(chǎn)dmired贊賞;C.expected期望;D.exhibited展覽.句子表達(dá)的是"教育者和專家發(fā)現(xiàn)…",因此為A.
31.C 副詞的辨析.A.specifically特別地;B.slightly輕微地;C.strongly強(qiáng)烈地;D.exactly確切地.聯(lián)系上下文語義,表達(dá)的是"兒童的行為和性格特別地受到…影響",故答案為C.
32.B 名詞詞義辨析.A.skills技術(shù);B.environment環(huán)境;C.position位置;D.status地位,狀態(tài);根據(jù)句子表達(dá)的意思,應(yīng)該是"受到社會(huì)環(huán)境和…的影響",答案為B.
33.D 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.A.a(chǎn)dvised建議;B.conducted指揮,引導(dǎo);C.commanded命令,指揮;D.led導(dǎo)致.這里表達(dá)的是"以上觀點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致人們堅(jiān)信…",因此答案為D.
34.D 形容詞詞義辨析.A.a(chǎn)ccurate準(zhǔn)確的;B.precious精確的;C.casual休閑的,臨時(shí)的;D.particular特別的,專業(yè)的,有目的.根據(jù)語意,這里表達(dá)的是"如果引導(dǎo)孩子有目的地進(jìn)行組織這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)",因此答案為D.
35.B  邏輯推理題.上文講到many people to believe that if you…可知是一種信念,因此答案為B.
36.A 語意理解題.本句表達(dá)"這一信念在20世紀(jì)初讓熱衷于美國政策改革的人們很受鼓舞",因此答案為A.
37.D 時(shí)間介詞的辨析.在20世紀(jì)的一開始,表達(dá)為at the beginning of the 20th century.答案為D.
38.B 語意理解題.本句表達(dá)"這讓人思考怎樣通過調(diào)控兒童的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來培養(yǎng)有責(zé)任心且高效率的人才",故答案為how,表示"怎樣來做…".
39.C上下文理解.They believed strongly that a great democracy (民主國家) depended on responsibility and that a (40)Aeconomy depended on the productivity of workers.由此可知答案為C,講到了"責(zé)任心以及高效率".
40.A 語意理解題.本句表達(dá)的是"美國堅(jiān)信偉大的民主國家需要強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長需要高素質(zhì)的人才.",因此答案為A,growing economy增長的經(jīng)濟(jì).

點(diǎn)評 做題時(shí)需聯(lián)系上下文,結(jié)合語法知識,結(jié)合語境,選出正確的詞語.

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