4.Are you having difficulty falling asleep?Try drinking a glass of warm milk.If that doesn't work,listen to some soft,beautiful music.Still no luck?Try think about sheep jumping over a fence.If you are still awake,take a sleeping pill.People who take pills often become dependent on the drugs.So you lie awake knowing that the new workday will soon arrive.If you have been in such condition for at least one month,you may have primary insomnia(失眠癥).
A new study has found that you might fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer if you try"cerebral hypothermia."It is not a complex medical process.It just means cooling down your brain.Eric Nofzinger and Naniel Buysse from the University of Pittsburgh Medical School led the study.They examined twelve people who had sleeping problems.Twelve others had no sleeping problems.Each of them wore a soft plastic cap on their head at bedtime.
The caps had tubes inside filled with water.The researchers moved the water through the tubes and then changed the temperature of the water.Other studies showed that people who had sleeping problems often had more chemical reactions in the front of their brain.The researchers thought cooling down the brain might help.
On the first two nights of testing,the patients wore caps with no water.On the next two nights,the caps were worn,but the water was not cooled.Then the researchers cooled the water a little for another two nights.On the final two nights of the study,the temperature of the water was made much cooler.The researchers found that the water caps didn't help the patients until the temperature was about 14℃.Most ofthe patients fell asleep faster and slept better when the coolest water was moving around their head.
Dr Nfzinger and Dr.Buysse noted that this was only the beginning of the brain temperature study.But they believed they had discovered something important that needed more research.

12.The first paragraph is written toA.
A.put forward the topic of the passage.
B.explain how serious insomnia is
C.tell us the causes of sleeping problems.
D.tell us the danger of having sleeping problems.
13.From the passage we know that"cerebral hypothermia"is actuallyC.
A.a(chǎn) complex medical process.
B.a(chǎn) psychological treatment.
C.a(chǎn) simple physical treatment.
D.a(chǎn) difficult scientific theory.
14.In the study,researchers helped people fall asleep faster throughD.
A.increasing chemical reactions in the front of their brain.
B.making them feel safe with a cap on their head
C.a(chǎn)sking them to drink water to cool down
D.lowering the temperature of their brain
15.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?D
A.The cause of the study.
B.The function of the caps.
C.People's reactions to the study.
D.Some details of the study.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),降低大腦的溫度有助于失眠者睡一個(gè)好覺.

解答 12-15  A  C  D  D
12.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段的句子"If you have been in such condition for at least one month,you may have primary insomnia(失眠癥)."可知這一段主要是為了提出文章的話題.故選A.
13.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的句子"It is not a complex medical process.It just means cooling down your brain."可知"cerebral hypothermia"實(shí)際上是簡(jiǎn)單的物理療法.故選C.
14.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段的句子"The researchers thought cooling down the brain might help."可知研究人員通過冷卻人們的大腦讓他們更快地入睡.故選D.
15   D    段落主旨大意題.根據(jù)第四段On the first two nights of testing,the patients wore caps with no water.可知在前兩天晚上的檢測(cè)中,病人帶著沒有水的帽子,這是研究的具體細(xì)節(jié),故選D.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題.
  閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面.閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力.考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì).
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章.
  首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等.其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位.此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率.
  三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題.
  在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義.要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全.推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等.
  四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎.
  猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力.它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯.我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因果,常識(shí),上下文等線索確定詞義.

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