Question

17．下列說法正確的是（　�。�

• A． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{3}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{2}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H是聚變反應(yīng)
• B． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{238}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{234}\\{90}\end{array}\right.$Th+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He是人工核轉(zhuǎn)變
• C． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{11}\end{array}\right.$Na→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{12}\end{array}\right.$Mg+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{0}\\{-1}\end{array}\right.$e是衰變反應(yīng)
• D． 元素的半衰期會(huì)受到其所處環(huán)境的影響
• E． $\left.\begin{array}{l}{235}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{92}\\{36}\end{array}\right.$Kr+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{141}\\{56}\end{array}\right.$Ba+3$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n是裂變反應(yīng)

Answer 1

分析 α衰變生成氦原子核，自發(fā)進(jìn)行；β衰變生成電子，自發(fā)進(jìn)行；聚變是質(zhì)量輕的核結(jié)合成質(zhì)量大的核．裂變是質(zhì)量較大的核分裂成較輕的幾個(gè)核

解答 解：A、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{3}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{2}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{1}\end{array}\right.$H是聚變反應(yīng)．故A正確．
B、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{238}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{234}\\{90}\end{array}\right.$Th+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{4}\\{2}\end{array}\right.$He是α衰變．故B錯(cuò)誤．
C、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{11}\end{array}\right.$Na→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{24}\\{12}\end{array}\right.$Mg+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{0}\\{-1}\end{array}\right.$e是β衰變．故C正確．
D、元素的半衰期不會(huì)受到其所處環(huán)境的影響．故D錯(cuò)誤．
E、$\left.\begin{array}{l}{235}\\{92}\end{array}\right.$U+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n→$\left.\begin{array}{l}{92}\\{36}\end{array}\right.$Kr+$\left.\begin{array}{l}{141}\\{56}\end{array}\right.$Ba+3$\left.\begin{array}{l}{1}\\{0}\end{array}\right.$n是裂變反應(yīng)，故E正確；
故選：ACE．

點(diǎn)評 本題難度不大，考查了核反應(yīng)方程的種類，在學(xué)習(xí)中需要記住一些特殊的方程式．