【題目】如圖是在牛頓著作里畫出的一副原理圖。圖中表示出從高山上用不同的水平速度拋出的物體的軌跡。物體的速度越大,落地點(diǎn)離山腳越遠(yuǎn)。當(dāng)速度足夠大時(shí),物體將環(huán)繞地球運(yùn)動(dòng),成為一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星若衛(wèi)星的運(yùn)動(dòng)可視為勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng),已知:引力常數(shù);地球質(zhì)量;地球半徑;地球表面處重力加速度;地球自轉(zhuǎn)周期,則由上述數(shù)據(jù)可以計(jì)算出第一宇宙速度的是

A.①②③ B.①②⑤

C.①④ D.③⑤

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)萬(wàn)有引力提供向心力,結(jié)合地球的質(zhì)量和半徑求出地球的第一宇宙速度,根據(jù)重力提供向心力,結(jié)合地球表面的重力加速度和地球的半徑求出第一宇宙速度根據(jù)萬(wàn)有引力提供向心力得,,第一宇宙速度v=,則已知地球的質(zhì)量、半徑和引力常數(shù),可以求出第一宇宙速度根據(jù)重力提供向心力得,mg=,解得第一宇宙速度v=,已知地球表面的重力加速度和地球的半徑,可以求出第一宇宙速度,故A正確,BCD錯(cuò)誤故選:A

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