1.On June 26,2000,two scientists,called Francis Collins and Craig Venter,told the world that they could now read the whole"map"of the human body:DNA.DNA is something that everybody has,and it tells the body what to do.DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father,because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time.In 1860,Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family.It is because of small things named "genes" in our body.In 1953,James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961,Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (細(xì)胞) to build its parts.Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map,but we still do not understand what they all do.By understanding what just one"word"means,we can help save more people from several illnesses.
Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information,we might use it in a wrong way,just to make people more attractive,or stop sick people from getting jobs.Man would have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technic wasn't limited in use.
46.When did we first know why we look like other people in our family?D
A.In 1860.B.In 1953.C.In 1961.D.In 2000.
47.What does the underlined word"gene"mean?C
A.The"map"of DNA.B.A special language.
C.Small parts of DNA.D.DNA.
48.What did the two scientists first discover in 1961?D
A.The"map"of DNA.B.A new illness.
C.The language of DNA.    D.A message of DNA.
49.What can we do if we understand some"words"of the language inside the body?B
A.Make people get new jobs.B.Make medicine for illnesses.
C.Make maps of human.D.Make people less attractive.
50.What do people think about this work?A
A.It can cause good or bad resutls.B.It can cause only good results.
C.It can cause good results but won't work.D.It can cause only bad results.

分析 2000年6月26日,兩位科學(xué)家,弗蘭克斯.柯林斯和克萊格.溫特,向外界宣告他們已經(jīng)完全破譯了"人體地圖":DNA.DNA 是我們每個(gè)人都有的東西,并且它能告訴我們身體該做什么.DNA是我們長的像父母的原因,因?yàn)槲覀儚母改改抢镞z傳到一部分他們的DNA.
長久以來人們一直在嘗試了解我們的人體.1860年,喬治.曼德爾揭示了我們跟家族其他成員很像的特殊原因.這就是源于我們體內(nèi)被稱為"基因"的小東西.1953年,詹姆斯.沃森 和弗蘭克斯.克里克 有了別的發(fā)現(xiàn),他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些小東西真正攜帶的信息被用特殊的語言寫在了 DNA 上.
1961年,馬歇爾.尼日伯格 和 約翰.馬薩爾 發(fā)現(xiàn)遺傳微粒攜帶的信息顯示出遺傳微粒是怎么樣指導(dǎo)細(xì)胞生成的.科學(xué)家們已然發(fā)現(xiàn)了遺傳微粒圖譜上所有的字,但是他們還是不清楚他們的運(yùn)行機(jī)制.通過解某一個(gè)字的含義,幫助人們從某些疾病中解救更多的人.
大多數(shù)人希望這將有助于制造更好的藥物救治生病的人.另一些人擔(dān)心這可能會(huì)帶來一些不好的結(jié)果.如果對于遺傳技術(shù)的使用不加以控制,人們將會(huì)面對更多的難題.

解答 46.D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)第一段首句On June 26,2000,two scientists,called Francis Collins and Craig Venter,told the world that they could now read the whole"map"of the human body:DNA 和最后一句DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father,可知我們第一次知道我們?yōu)槭裁纯雌饋硐窦彝ダ锏钠渌耸窃?000年,故選D.
47.C.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第二段andfound out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA 描述,可知發(fā)現(xiàn)這些小東西真正攜帶的信息被用特殊的語言寫在了 DNA 上.所以gene在這里的意思是Small parts of DNA.故選C.
48.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段首句In 1961,Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell  to build its parts可知這兩位科學(xué)家子啊1961年首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了DNA的信息,故選 D.
49.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.可知大多數(shù)人希望這將有助于制造更好的藥物救治生病的人;故選B.
50.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information,we might use it in a wrong way,just to make people more attractive,or stop sick people from getting jobs.可知人們認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)工作可能導(dǎo)致好結(jié)果,也可能導(dǎo)致壞結(jié)果,故選A.

點(diǎn)評 本文淺顯易懂,各個(gè)小題都能在文中找到適當(dāng)依據(jù).只要認(rèn)真閱讀短文,注意前后聯(lián)系,就能順利完成閱讀.文章所設(shè)試題主要考察細(xì)節(jié)查找,做題關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù),認(rèn)真核查小題和原文的異同.

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