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15．Are you carrying too much on your back at school？You're not alone．Back experts in the United States are worried that young students are having back and neck problems as a result of carrying too much in their backpacks （schoolbags）．
"It hurts my back when I run，"said Oberlin Reyes，a student in Virginia．"It's hard to get up the stairs with my backpack，because it's too heavy．"
     Oberlin is among students whose backpacks were weighed for a week in a recent study．
     They had regular backpacks with two straps （帶子） to carry them，but a number of students with heavy loads had switched to rolling backpacks （which have wheels and can roll on the ground）．Shirley Park，whose backpack weighed 10 kilograms，said she changed to a rolling backpack because she was starting to have back pain．How much is too much？Experts say students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own  body weight．
     A few students had one suggestion to lighten the load：less homework．
     P．S．（附） Doctor's suggestion：
     ①Lighten the load．Clean out binders （活頁材料） and take home only the books you need that night．
     ②Wide straps are better．They send out the weight over your shoulders more evenly （均勻）．And be sure to
       wear both straps rather than hanging the pack over one shoulder．
     ③Pack smart．The heavier things should be packed closed to the back
     ④Bend both knees when you pick up the pack，and don't just bend over at the waist （腰）．
 51"D"is the main idea of the text．
A．The problem of backpacks is worth studying
B．The problem made by heavy backpacks
C．What is the best backpack for a student
D．How to make students'backpacks light
52．According to Oberlin Reyes and Shirley Park，we knowA
A．students have to do too much homework
B．students have to carry heavy backpacks
C．backpacks without wheels are bad for students
D．too much homework leaves students no free time
53．The expression"switched to"in the text perhaps meansA
A．started to use     B．turned to     C．caught up   D．used for
54．According to the passage，it's better for a student of 40 kilograms to carry a backpack ofC at most by the words of experts．
A.10 kg       B.8 kg        C.6 kg       D.7 kg
55．If students follows the doctor's suggestions，theyC．
A．may lighten their backpacks            B．can learn how to help themselves
C．may feel their backpacks are lighter      D．will know how to wear backpacks．

分析 這篇短文主要描述了中美學生的書包都很重，這會對學生的身體造成不良影響．專家對此提出了建議，并號召老師和家長采取適當的措施．

解答 51-55 DAACC
51題答案：D 主旨題．根據第一段Are you carrying too much on your back at school？You're not alone．Back experts in the United States are worried that young students are having back and neck problems as a result of carrying too much in their backpacks （schoolbags）．本文主要談論了美國學生們的書包里所背的東西太多太重，如何才能使學生們的書包減輕，故本題選D．
52題答案：A 細節(jié)題．根據第五段A few students had one suggestion to lighten the load：less homework．所表示的含義為學生有太多的作業(yè)從而導致書包太重，故本題選A．
53題答案：A 詞匯題．根據第四段A number of students with heavy loads had switched to rolling backpacks前面許多背著很重東西的學生，后面可以在地上轉動的書包，所以"switched to"的含義為開始使用的含義，故本題選A．
54題答案：C 細節(jié)題．根據第四段 Experts say students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body weight．，所表示的含義為學生們所背的東西重量不要超過自身重量的百分之10到15，所以40公斤的學生背的東西重量不要超過6公斤，故本題選C．
55題答案：C 細節(jié)題．根據本文最后提到了醫(yī)生的4點①Lighten the load．Clean out binders （活頁材料） and take home only the books you need that night．②Wide straps are better．They send out the weight over your shoulders more evenly （均勻）．And be sure to wear both straps rather than hanging the pack over one shoulder．③Pack smart．The heavier things should be packed closed to the back④Bend both knees when you pick up the pack，and don't just bend over at the waist （腰）．減輕學生負荷的建議，如果學生采取，他們可能會減輕他們的書包重量，故本題選C．

點評 題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題，做題時結合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案．

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