6.Empathy(同情心)lets us feel another person's pain and drives us to help.Do any other animals feel empathy?Scientists recently found that rats do,too.
Most people don't like rats.In many people's eyes,rats are only bad.But Jean Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment.It showed that rats are kind,warm-hearted animals.They can feel each other's pain.
Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages for two weeks.During this time they got to know each other.Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container(容器)in the cages.The small container had a door.It was rigged(操縱) to fall to the side when the free rat touched it.Many of the trapped rats squeaked(吱吱叫)to express their discomfort.The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly.
In most pairs,the free rats would become very worried about their friends.They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout the month.Scientists put the rats'favorite chocolate in the cages,but the rats didn't eat it until they had saved their friends successfully.Scientists also found that female rats tended to act more empathetic than male rats.
"The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another's trouble,"Decety said."Monkeys and chimpanzees(黑猩猩)have similar behavior.But unlike those animals,rats can be ready used in laboratory studies.They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural."

38.A person with empathy is oftenA.
A.kind-hearted   
B.clever          
C.a(chǎn)ctive        
D.strong
39.Why didn't the free rats eat the chocolate at first?C
A.Because they were not hungry at that time.
B.Because chocolate was not their favorite food.
C.Because they wanted to save the trapped rats first.
D.Because they were afraid that the chocolate was bad.
40.Which of the following animals were NOT mentioned in the article?D
A.Monkeys.
B.Chimpanzees.
C.Rats.
D.Cats.
41.What does the word‘discomfort'in Paragraph 3mean?C
A.happiness     
B.illness          
C.uneasiness     
D.a(chǎn)nger
42.What does the passage mainly tell us?C
A.Rats can feel other animals'pain.
B.Chocolate is rats'favorite food.
C.Rats are empathetic and can feel each other's pain.
D.Female rats are more empathetic than male rats.

分析 同情心讓我們感受到他人的痛苦并幫助他人.動物會有同情心嗎?科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)老鼠也有同情心.芝加哥大學(xué)的Jean Decety和他的伙伴做了一個實驗表明:老鼠是善良熱心的動物,它們能感受到彼此的痛苦.

解答 38.A 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Empathy(同情心) lets us feel another person's pain and drives us to help.可知同情心讓我們感受到別人的痛苦,并促使我們?nèi)椭麄儯蔬xA.
39.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Scientists put the rats'favorite chocolate in the cages,but the rats didn't eat it until they had saved their friends successfully.可知科學(xué)家們把老鼠最喜歡的巧克力放在籠子里,但是老鼠們沒有吃它,直到他們成功地救了他們的朋友.在這里老鼠們沒有吃這些巧克力是因為他們想救同伴.故選C.
40.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)Monkeys and chimpanzees(黑猩猩)have similar behavior.But unlike those animals,rats can be ready used in laboratory studies.,可知文章提到rats、Monkeys and chimpanzees.故選D.
41.C.詞義猜測題.happiness幸福;illness疾。籾neasiness不安;anger生氣.根據(jù)Many of the trapped rats squeaked(吱吱叫)to express their discomfort.可知這里的意思是許多被困的老鼠尖叫來表達自己的不適.discomfort在這里的意思應(yīng)該是不適.故選C.
42.C.主題歸納題.根據(jù)文章第一段Do any other animals feel empathy?Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do,too.可知老鼠是善良熱心的動物,它們能感受到彼此的痛苦.故選C.

點評 快速閱讀一遍弄清段落大意,對全文有一個整體了解,閱讀時從宏觀入手,掌握中心意思,注意哪些用以說明中心意思的主要事實和細節(jié),抓住關(guān)鍵詞,弄清作者寫此篇文章的目的及意圖.

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