8.“The British government will offer£1,000,000to anyone who can solve the world’s biggest problem-whatever it might be,”said Prime Minister(首相) David Cameron at a science conference.In an unusual competition,the Government will ask people to find out the greatest challenge(挑戰(zhàn)) today,such as finding a replacement(替代) for oil,producing low cost food or curing AIDS/HIV.When the toughest problem has been decided,the Prime Minister will give away£1,000,000to the person who successfully works out the answer.The competition follows the example of the Longitude Prize started by the government in 1714,which offered£20,000 (worth£6,000,000today) to anyone who could discover how far east or west ships had sailed.Sailors could work out their location north and south,and were able to decide their local time from the sun.However,they needed to know the time at a reference(參照) point in order to find out how far they had travelled east or west.Many people thought the problem was impossible to solve,but the prize was finally won by John Harrison,an ordinary worker.He did this by designing a clock that kept accurate(準確的) time at sea and made it possible for sailors to work out their location.Almost exactly 300years on,Mr Cameron will have a group of scientists collect suggestions and draw up a short list of problems facing the world.He will then start a race to solve the most difficult problem.A government officer said,“We want people to think big:what does the world need and how can we achieve that?We are looking for the next penicillin(青霉素),airplane or World Wide Web.Something that is going to really change what we do and how we live our lives-sending us ahead in the global race.”According to Mr Cameron,it is important to“encourage new ideas”and“attract back the best and the brightest”to Britain.
32.The British government promises£1,000,000to any person whoA.
A.can solve the biggest challenge facing the world
B.can find how the next penicillin works on illnesses
C.can think of the most difficult problem in the world
D.can help the Prime Minister run his government better
33.The Longitude Prize is mentioned mainly toD.
A.explain why the government set up the prize in 1714
B.show John Harrison was a great success as an inventor
C.show that the government is very grateful to John Harrison
D.explain what gave Mr Cameron the idea of starting the competition
34.We can infer(推斷) from Paragraphs 4and 5 thatD.
A.ships no longer get lost at sea with Harrison’s invention
B.clocks on ships kept good time before Harrison’s invention
C.sailors found it hard to work out their location north and south
D.the sailing industry was very important in Britain around the 1700s
35.Which of the following is true according to the text?C
A.John Harrison was sure that he would win the prize.
B.The million pound prize will go to a British scientist.
C.The British government pays special attention to the nation’s creativity.
D.A replacement for oil is considered as the toughest problem by the scientists.
分析 這篇短文講述的是英國政府在設立經度獎300年后,重新設置了百萬獎項,給那些能破解世界難題的人.短文中還給我們講述了第一屆經度獎,以及Cameron重設這一獎項的目的.
解答 32.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)短文的開頭第一句話“The British government will offer£1,000,000 to anyone who can solve the world’s biggest problem-whatever it might be,”可知,英國政府提供1,000,000英鎊,給那些能解決世界最大問題的人,不管什么問題都可以.故選A.
33.D.推理判斷題.短文中提到了經度獎,這是一個英國政府用來獎勵能在海上確定準確方位的人的獎項,是在1714年設立的.現(xiàn)在300年后,受經度獎的影響,Cameron又重新設立獎項,獎勵那些能解決世界難題的人.根據(jù)文章中The competition follows the example of the Longitude Prize started by the government in 1714可知D選項符合文意.故選D.
34.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)短文第四、五段的內容可知,在1714年,英國政府提供20,000英鎊的獎金,獎勵能在海上準確定位的人.由此我們可見,當時航海業(yè)對于英國是多么的重要.故選D.
35.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)短文內容可知,第一個經度獎被Harrison獲得,文章中并沒有提到說他就確定自己一定能得到這個獎項,故A不對;根據(jù)短文內容可知,這個獎項是給那些能破解世界難題的人,不一定是科學家;根據(jù)短文中such as finding a replacement(替代) for oil,producing low cost food or curing AIDS/HIV.可知,找到石油的替代品只是世界上難題之一,故D表述與文章內容不一致;根據(jù)短文的內容可知,it is important to“encourage new ideas”and“attract back the best and the brightest”to Britain.,英國政府獎勵百萬英鎊給那些有創(chuàng)新能力,能解決世界難題的人,故C是正確的.故選C.
點評 首先要通讀全文,掌握大意.然后細讀,瞻前顧后,逐步填空.利用捕捉的信息,注意細節(jié)和情節(jié)的發(fā)展變化,在選擇答案時,一定要考慮到上下文的意思,還要考慮到句子的結構,習慣用法,固定搭配和詞類的功能,盡量使選出的答案及復合語法又符合原文的意思.