Have you heard of the term “etiquette” And do you know that etiquette is not only a useful word 1 very useful to understand?
Etiquette is not the same in every culture 2 in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However; if you do this in Europe, some 3 people might feel 4.Even in China, we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is 5 .For example ,most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum, or a movie theater is 6 .Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice 7 in public places. In fact, we should also 8 not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.
If we see someone 9 the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. Perhaps one of the most polite ways 10 ask someone, Would you mind doing this or Would you mind not doing that. For example, if someone cuts 11 you in a line, you could ask them, Sorry, would you mind 12 the line? If someone is smoking on the bus you could ask, Excuse me, could you please 13 that cigarette? People don’t usually like 14 , so we have to be careful how we do this.
Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, 15 is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask them, Would you mind picking it up?
小題1:
A．howeverB．a(chǎn)lthoughC．norD．but also
小題2:
A．orB．butC．a(chǎn)sD．a(chǎn)nd
小題3:
A．AsianB．AmericanC．EuropeanD．African
小題4:
A．comfortableB．uncomfortableC．happyD．excited
小題5:
A．not allowB．not askedC．not allowedD．a(chǎn)llowed
小題6:
A．politeB．rudeC．impossibleD．Common
小題7:
A．offB．SmallC．loudD．down
小題8:
A．tryB．make itC．take care ofD．care for
小題9:
A．followingB．breakingC．obeyingD．broken
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)reB．a(chǎn)re toC．isD．is to
小題11:
A．in frontB．in front ofC．in the frontD．in the front of
小題12:
A．waitingB．jumpingC．cuttingD．joining
小題13:
A．put onB．put offC．put outD．put up
小題14:
A．be criticizedB．to criticizeC．to be criticizedD．criticized
小題15:
A．dropping litterB．chopping trees
C．smokingD．picking litter up

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:B
小題5:C
小題6:B
小題7:D
小題8:A
小題9:B
小題10:D
小題11:B
小題12:D
小題13:C
小題14:C
小題15:A
短文屬于說明文，介紹了各地不同的禮儀規(guī)則，我們要學(xué)會(huì)遵守這些規(guī)則，也要幫助他人遵守。
小題1:固定搭配not only… but also“不僅……而且”
小題2:從not可知表示否定，否定句的并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or連接。
小題3:根據(jù)in Europe可知，這里所指的是本地人。
小題4:根據(jù)However，可推測(cè)意思轉(zhuǎn)折，這樣做歐洲不common，因此他們的感覺的用消極的詞匯。
小題5:前面有but，意思轉(zhuǎn)折，說明這樣做不好。選擇not allowed“不被允許”。
小題6:根據(jù)上文的交代，下面所舉的例子中大聲說話是不允許的。因此在這些公共場(chǎng)合，大聲說話是“粗魯?shù)摹薄?br />小題7:keep down“壓低,放低(聲音)”，與上文意思銜接，還是指公共場(chǎng)合不大聲說話。
小題8:因?yàn)楣矆?chǎng)合需要保持安靜，這里是“盡量不要大聲地咳嗽或打噴嚏”，try not to do…“盡量不要做…”
小題9:根據(jù)后文中的“提醒”，可猜測(cè)這里是break the rules“違反規(guī)則”；see sb doing…“看到某人正做某事”。
小題10:one of…做主語(yǔ)，連系動(dòng)詞用is；做表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用不定式。
小題11:in front of“在……（外面的）前面”
小題12:希望對(duì)方排隊(duì)。join“參加”
小題13:希望對(duì)方把煙熄滅。put out“熄滅”
小題14:上面的幾個(gè)事都是對(duì)不守規(guī)則的人的“勸告”，也可以說是“批評(píng)”“制止”。我們?cè)谔幚磉@些事時(shí)要小心，語(yǔ)氣一定委婉，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)人們不喜歡“被批評(píng)”。使用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
小題15:根據(jù)后面的“picking it up”，可知有人亂扔?xùn)|西。dropping litter“丟垃圾”。
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